發(fā)布時間：2018-06-10 17:09

  本文選題：電力系統(tǒng) + 應(yīng)急��； 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,世界范圍內(nèi)發(fā)生了多起大面積停電事故,對社會和經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展造成嚴重影響。雖然建設(shè)智能電網(wǎng)能提高電力系統(tǒng)的自愈能力,但要完全避免大停電事故并不現(xiàn)實。因此,有必要建設(shè)高效可靠的電力應(yīng)急管理平臺,研究電力系統(tǒng)應(yīng)急的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),從而能正確和快速地處理和應(yīng)對電力突發(fā)事件,減少停電損失�，F(xiàn)有電力應(yīng)急方面的研究主要集中于電力應(yīng)急機制與平臺的建立、應(yīng)急預(yù)案的生成等方面,在電力系統(tǒng)應(yīng)急優(yōu)化技術(shù)方面的研究較為缺乏。 在此背景下,本論文將優(yōu)化理論引入電力系統(tǒng)應(yīng)急領(lǐng)域,在電力系統(tǒng)應(yīng)急規(guī)劃、調(diào)度與恢復(fù)方面進行了深入的研究,提出了相應(yīng)的優(yōu)化模型與方法,取得了一定的研究成果： 首先介紹了電力系統(tǒng)應(yīng)急管理的基本概念和PPRR模型,并對該模型包含的4個典型環(huán)節(jié)進行了說明。歸納了我國電力系統(tǒng)應(yīng)急管理存在的問題及需要研究的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。 針對電力應(yīng)急服務(wù)點的選址問題,提出了考慮負荷點停電風(fēng)險的電力應(yīng)急服務(wù)點的選址優(yōu)化模型。首先,由負荷點的缺電功率、負荷類型及停電概率確定其單位時間內(nèi)的停電風(fēng)險；然后,以各負荷點停電風(fēng)險之和最小為目標建立電力應(yīng)急服務(wù)點的選址優(yōu)化模型,并針對實際中電力應(yīng)急時限約束可能無法滿足的問題,引入超時懲罰因子對模型進行擴充；最后,采用Floyd算法求解所發(fā)展的優(yōu)化模型。算例結(jié)果表明,所提出的模型通過考慮各負荷點停電風(fēng)險的差異性,在相當(dāng)程度上避免了現(xiàn)有模型僅以應(yīng)急時間最短為目標而可能造成實際停電損失較大的問題。 針對城市移動應(yīng)急電源的調(diào)度問題,構(gòu)造了移動應(yīng)急電源的雙目標優(yōu)化調(diào)度模型。該模型以各重要失電用戶停電損失之和最小為主目標,以移動應(yīng)急電源的富余容量最小為次目標。之后,針對該模型包含非線性的最大值函數(shù)和符號函數(shù)而難以求解的問題,通過引入0-1變量等措施將原模型轉(zhuǎn)化為混合整數(shù)線性規(guī)劃問題,并提出了一種基于分層序列法的求解方法。 考慮了應(yīng)急黑啟動決策中的不確定性問題,提出了基于區(qū)間數(shù)的黑啟動決策方法。首先,基于誤差傳遞理論對形成的區(qū)間數(shù)黑啟動決策矩陣進行規(guī)范化處理；然后,建立一個線性目標規(guī)劃模型以求取理想權(quán)重向量；最后,采用電力應(yīng)急決策者給定的風(fēng)險態(tài)度因子對基于區(qū)間數(shù)的黑啟動綜合評價值進行排序。算例結(jié)果表明,提出的決策方法能更真實地描述實際決策過程,且屬性值和權(quán)重都只需給出大致區(qū)間即可,這可以明顯降低決策的難度。 最后對論文中所做的研究進行簡要總結(jié),并指出該領(lǐng)域有待進一步研究的問題。
[Abstract]:In recent years, a large number of power outages have occurred in the world, which have a serious impact on social and economic development. Although the construction of smart grid can improve the self-healing ability of power system, it is not realistic to avoid blackouts completely. Therefore, it is necessary to build an efficient and reliable power emergency management platform and study the key technologies of power system emergency, so as to correctly and quickly deal with and respond to power emergencies and reduce power outages. The existing research on electric power emergency mainly focuses on the establishment of power emergency mechanism and platform, the generation of emergency plan and so on, but the research on power system emergency optimization technology is relatively lacking. In this paper, the optimization theory is introduced into the field of power system emergency, and the power system emergency planning, dispatching and restoration are deeply studied, and the corresponding optimization models and methods are put forward. Some research results are obtained: firstly, the basic concept of power system emergency management and PPRR model are introduced, and the four typical links of the model are explained. This paper summarizes the problems existing in power system emergency management in China and the key technologies that need to be studied. Aiming at the location problem of power emergency service points, an optimal location model of power emergency service points considering the risk of blackout at load points is put forward. Firstly, the blackout risk per unit time is determined by the power shortage, load type and blackout probability of the load point, and then the optimal location model of the power emergency service point is established with the minimum of the outage risk at each load point as the goal. Aiming at the problem that the time limit constraint of electric power emergency may not be satisfied in practice, the time-out penalty factor is introduced to expand the model. Finally, Floyd algorithm is used to solve the developed optimization model. The numerical results show that the proposed model takes into account the difference of blackout risk at different load points. To a certain extent, the problem that the existing models only take the shortest emergency time as the target and may result in large actual power outages is avoided. In view of the scheduling problem of urban mobile emergency power supply, a two-objective optimal scheduling model of mobile emergency power supply is constructed. The main objective of the model is to minimize the sum of outage losses of important power users, and the second objective is to minimize the surplus capacity of mobile emergency power supply. Then, aiming at the problem that the model contains nonlinear maximum function and symbol function, the original model is transformed into a mixed integer linear programming problem by introducing 0-1 variables. A method based on hierarchical sequence method is proposed to solve the problem of uncertainty in emergency black start decision, and a black start decision method based on interval number is proposed. Firstly, the interval number black start decision matrix is normalized based on error transfer theory. Then, a linear objective programming model is established to obtain the ideal weight vector. The risk attitude factors given by emergency decision makers are used to rank the comprehensive evaluation values of black-start based on interval number. The numerical results show that the proposed decision method can describe the actual decision-making process more truthfully, and the attribute values and weights can only be roughly defined. This can obviously reduce the difficulty of decision making. Finally, the research in this paper is briefly summarized, and the problems that need further study in this field are pointed out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM73

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本文編號：2003970