本文選題：非成像光學(xué) + 照度均勻度��； 參考：《廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著現(xiàn)代電子產(chǎn)品對(duì)輕、薄、短、小、高可靠性、低功耗的不斷追求,對(duì)電子制造裝備的執(zhí)行速度、操作精度及穩(wěn)定性等提出了更高要求�，F(xiàn)代電子制造裝備的高速高精度操作基本都涉及到視覺技術(shù),其中的光源設(shè)計(jì)及照明技術(shù)則直接影響到這類裝備的性能指標(biāo)。高速高精度的視覺定位與識(shí)別,要求在復(fù)雜工況下極短時(shí)間內(nèi)獲取高質(zhì)量目標(biāo)圖像,其光源的設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)于這類高速運(yùn)動(dòng)的執(zhí)行系統(tǒng)的圖像獲取起著關(guān)鍵性的作用。隨著半導(dǎo)體照明技術(shù)的發(fā)展,發(fā)光二極管(LED)正逐漸取代傳統(tǒng)光源,成為新一代光源。在非成像光學(xué)系統(tǒng)中,接收面的均勻照明以及光能的充分利用一直是光源設(shè)計(jì)急需解決的問題。本文面向電子制造裝備研發(fā)中的光源設(shè)計(jì)需求,重點(diǎn)開展基于LED光源的照明顯示系統(tǒng)研究。針對(duì)光源設(shè)計(jì)中接收面照度均勻與光能的充分利用之間難以兼顧的難題,提出同時(shí)考慮照明系統(tǒng)接收面的照度均勻度和光能利用率的LED光源光學(xué)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)新方法,研究可獲得理想照明系統(tǒng)的光路設(shè)計(jì)理論,在綜合考慮照度均勻度和光能利用率的基礎(chǔ)上,提出光源系統(tǒng)的綜合評(píng)價(jià)函數(shù),并通過編程實(shí)現(xiàn)照明系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的自動(dòng)調(diào)整,達(dá)到設(shè)計(jì)的最優(yōu)化,分別實(shí)現(xiàn)反光杯式、透鏡式光學(xué)系統(tǒng)照明接收面均勻光斑的獲取,同時(shí)對(duì)其光路設(shè)計(jì)模型的光學(xué)追跡結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證所提出的光路設(shè)計(jì)方法的正確性,可有效實(shí)現(xiàn)接收面照度均勻的同時(shí)提高光能的利用率,為LED光源光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)提供可行有效的解決方法。主要研究工作概括如下： (1)調(diào)研面向電子制造裝備研發(fā)的視覺技術(shù)研究現(xiàn)狀,了解這類裝備在高速高精度運(yùn)行條件下對(duì)光源設(shè)計(jì)提出的光能利用率及照度均勻性需求。深入調(diào)研非成像光學(xué)中光源設(shè)計(jì)方法的國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展前景,分析目前非成像光學(xué)系統(tǒng)中多種照明光源的特性,確定采用LED光源為非成像光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的照明光源,指明目前LED光源設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域仍然存在的難點(diǎn)問題,即難以在滿足照明系統(tǒng)接收面的照度均勻的同時(shí)提高光能的充分利用率。 (2)在非成像光學(xué)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)過程中,首先分析非成像光學(xué)的廣義光學(xué)擴(kuò)展量、能量收集率等重要參數(shù),建立廣義光學(xué)擴(kuò)展量和能量收集率理論最大值之間的關(guān)系,分析像差對(duì)能量收集率的影響因素以及LED的朗伯型發(fā)光特性；同時(shí),研究光學(xué)模擬軟件Trace pro的矢量法光束追跡理論,分析基于Monte Carlo隨機(jī)理論的光照度計(jì)算方法,并引入非成像光學(xué)的參數(shù)分析LED發(fā)光模型,確定本系統(tǒng)所用LED光源類型；基于光學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)中的一次光學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)和二次光學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方法,給出透鏡設(shè)計(jì)所需的透鏡表面生成公式,為光學(xué)系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)奠定理論基礎(chǔ)。 (3)研究分析LED照明光學(xué)系統(tǒng)參數(shù)如二次曲面常數(shù)K和曲率半徑R等對(duì)均勻圓形光斑的影響規(guī)律。提出綜合考慮照度均勻度和光能利用率的最優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)方法,構(gòu)建光源系統(tǒng)的綜合評(píng)價(jià)函數(shù),并采用TracePro軟件的Scheme語言編程實(shí)現(xiàn)照明系統(tǒng)參數(shù)的自動(dòng)調(diào)整,獲取光學(xué)系統(tǒng)照明接收面的均勻光斑。基于該優(yōu)化方法,研究設(shè)計(jì)反光杯結(jié)構(gòu)的均勻照明系統(tǒng),建立反光杯結(jié)構(gòu)的綜合評(píng)價(jià)函數(shù),基于Taguchi method的編程方法,實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)反光杯K、R值以及反光杯和光源間距的自動(dòng)調(diào)整,可快速準(zhǔn)確獲得照明系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果,使接收面(與光源相距100mm的位置)形成的直徑為40mm圓形光斑的照度均勻度達(dá)1.5,光能利用率為69.0%。相比于理想拋物面反光杯照明系統(tǒng)的綜合評(píng)價(jià)函數(shù),本系統(tǒng)的綜合評(píng)價(jià)函數(shù)與理想值的接近度提高了29.9%。 (4)鑒于反光杯在LED光源設(shè)計(jì)中存在高度限制的缺點(diǎn),及透鏡設(shè)計(jì)具有的更大自由度特點(diǎn),本文進(jìn)一步研究設(shè)計(jì)基于透鏡結(jié)構(gòu)的均勻照明系統(tǒng)。通過建立透鏡系統(tǒng)的綜合評(píng)價(jià)函數(shù),對(duì)透鏡二次曲面常數(shù)K及頂點(diǎn)曲率半徑R進(jìn)行程序的自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)與優(yōu)化,實(shí)現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)距離(與光源相距800mm的位置)處直徑為120mm的圓形均勻光斑,其光能利用率為51.7%,照度均勻度為1.51,所獲取的最優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)的綜合評(píng)價(jià)函數(shù)與理想值的接近度為50.3%,比單獨(dú)調(diào)整R值時(shí)獲得的接近度提高了22.5%。 (5)鑒于部分應(yīng)用場(chǎng)合對(duì)光斑形狀的不同需求,本文對(duì)面向光束準(zhǔn)直的照明系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行研究,通過透鏡系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)獲取接收面的方形光斑,實(shí)現(xiàn)在距離光源500mm處形成20mm*20mm的方形均勻光斑。通過建立光線經(jīng)過透鏡后的出射角與入射角之間的關(guān)系式,確定最小出射角；基于透鏡表面生成公式建立透鏡的K、R值與出射角之間的關(guān)系,揭示不同曲面透鏡二次曲面常數(shù)K2值對(duì)接收面方形均勻光斑的影響規(guī)律,獲得目標(biāo)面上的方形均勻照明光斑,結(jié)果顯示：橢圓型二次曲面可以獲得光束出射角為6.049mrad,接近理論計(jì)算的最小出射角值,其照度均勻度達(dá)到93.02%；研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：相比較于雙曲型二次曲面和拋物型二次曲面,橢圓面的照度均勻度分別提高了13.81%和13.22%,能更好地在接收面獲得方形均勻照明光斑。 在本文的最后,對(duì)整個(gè)課題所做的工作進(jìn)行總結(jié),并指出需要進(jìn)一步研究和發(fā)展的方向。
[Abstract]:With the development of the semiconductor lighting technology , the light source design and the illumination technology have a key role in the design of the light source .

( 1 ) To investigate the present situation of the research and development of electronic manufacturing equipment , and to understand the light energy utilization and illumination uniformity requirements of the light source design under high - speed and high - precision operating conditions .

( 2 ) In the design process of the non - imaging optical system , firstly , the important parameters such as the generalized optical extension amount and the energy collection rate of the non - imaging optics are analyzed , the relationship between the generalized optical extension quantity and the maximum energy collection rate theoretical maximum value is established , the influence factors of the aberration on the energy collection rate and the Lambert - type light - emitting characteristics of the LED are analyzed ;
At the same time , we study the beam tracking theory of the vector method of Trace pro in optical simulation software , analyze the light illumination calculation method based on Monte Carlo stochastic theory , and introduce the parameters of non - imaging optics to analyze the LED lighting model to determine the type of LED light source used in the system ;
Based on primary optical design and secondary optical design method in optical design , the formula of lens surface generation needed for lens design is given , which lays a theoretical foundation for the design of optical system .

( 3 ) The influence of the parameters such as the quadratic surface constant K and the radius of curvature R on the uniform circular spot is studied and analyzed . A comprehensive evaluation function of the light source system is built . Based on the optimization method , the uniform illumination system of the light reflecting cup structure is constructed . Based on the optimization method , the illumination uniformity of the light reflecting cup K , R value and the distance between the reflecting cup and the light source is obtained . Based on the optimization method , the illumination uniformity of the light reflecting cup K , R value and the reflecting cup and the light source space is obtained .

( 4 ) In view of the disadvantages of high limit in the design of the LED light source and the more degree of freedom in the design of the lens , the uniform illumination system based on the lens structure is further studied in this paper . By establishing the comprehensive evaluation function of the lens system , the circular uniform light spot with a diameter of 120 mm at the distance ( the position of 800 mm from the light source ) is realized , the light energy utilization rate is 51.7 % , the illuminance uniformity is 1 . 51 , the approximate degree of the obtained optimal design system and the ideal value is 50.3 % , and the approximate degree obtained when the R value is adjusted independently is improved by 22.5 % .

( 5 ) In view of the different demands of some applications on the shape of light spot , this paper studies the beam - oriented illumination system , obtains the square spot of the receiving surface through the optimization design of the lens system , realizes the square uniform spot of 20mm * 20mm at 500mm from the light source , and determines the minimum exit angle by establishing the relation between the emergent angle and the incident angle of the light passing through the lens ;
The relation between the K , R value and the exit angle of the lens is established based on the surface generation formula of the lens , and the influence law of the quadratic surface constant K2 on the square uniform spot of the receiving surface is revealed , and the square uniform illumination spot on the target surface is obtained . The result shows that the elliptic secondary curved surface can obtain the minimum exit angle value of the beam exit angle of 6.049mrad and the approximate theory , and the illuminance uniformity reaches 93.02 % ;
The results show that the illuminance uniformity of the ellipsoid is increased by 13.81 % and 13.22 % , and the square uniform illumination spot can be obtained better at the receiving surface .

In the end of this paper , the work of the whole subject is summarized , and the direction of further research and development is pointed out .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM923.34

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：1999563