本文選題：數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動控制 + 故障檢測��； 參考：《華東理工大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：太陽能發(fā)電技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展,為新能源取代傳統(tǒng)石化類能源提供了條件。在光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)中,除了光伏電池組件的材料技術(shù)與生產(chǎn)工藝,光伏逆變器的控制技術(shù)也十分重要,控制器性能的好壞直接決定了光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性、輸出效率、安全性等性能。此外,根據(jù)太陽能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的安全性要求,太陽能發(fā)電間歇性等特點(diǎn),以及太陽能分布式發(fā)電的發(fā)展趨勢,需要對太陽能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的故障檢測技術(shù)、分布式太陽能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)控制技術(shù)進(jìn)行研究,以保證太陽能并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定,設(shè)備的安全,以及在分布式發(fā)電中,光伏發(fā)電滲透率較高時電網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定和優(yōu)化。 對于太陽能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)這樣的復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)來說,傳統(tǒng)的基于模型的方法需要通過繁瑣耗時的建模過程來得到數(shù)學(xué)模型。針對這樣的缺點(diǎn),伴隨著計算機(jī)技術(shù)和數(shù)字控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展,控制領(lǐng)域出現(xiàn)了一類基于數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動的控制器設(shè)計方法,通過采用輸入輸出數(shù)據(jù)直接設(shè)計控制器,這一類方法具有理論上獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢和應(yīng)用價值。 本文圍繞基于數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動的子空間預(yù)測方法進(jìn)行理論研究,設(shè)計數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動的控制和故障檢測方法,并以太陽能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)為應(yīng)用目標(biāo),分析了太陽能并網(wǎng)逆變器的原理,分類和結(jié)構(gòu),明確了并網(wǎng)逆變控制系統(tǒng)的性能要求和實(shí)際中存在的一些難題,并針對這些問題采用數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動的方法來予以解決。本文的主要工作包括： 在子空間辨識方法的基礎(chǔ)上對基于子空間方法的預(yù)測控制進(jìn)行研究。從離線的輸入輸出數(shù)據(jù)直接得到子空間預(yù)測方程,并在此基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計控制器。在數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動子空間預(yù)測控制方法的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合H∞混合靈敏度控制的框架,針對太陽能并網(wǎng)逆變系統(tǒng)中輸出電流受外界干擾如電網(wǎng)阻抗變化影響的問題,為了滿足逆變輸出電流控制中對跟蹤性能和魯棒性的要求,提出了一種基于數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動的H∞混合靈敏度控制算法,通過在太陽能并網(wǎng)逆變器中的仿真應(yīng)用,驗(yàn)證了這種數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動子空間預(yù)測控制的有效性及其在太陽能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中的適用性。通過與傳統(tǒng)PI控制器和LQG控制器的對比仿真驗(yàn)證,所設(shè)計的控制器能夠很好地抑制逆變器并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行過程中電網(wǎng)阻抗變化特別是感性變化的干擾,證明了控制器的魯棒性。 論文對太陽能并網(wǎng)的分布式發(fā)電形式進(jìn)行研究,分析當(dāng)一個局部的微電網(wǎng)中含有多個分布式太陽能發(fā)電單元的情況時,光伏發(fā)電的間歇性等特性給微電網(wǎng)的功率調(diào)節(jié)以及穩(wěn)定性帶來的威脅。設(shè)計一個兩層的控制結(jié)構(gòu),上層采用分布式協(xié)同控制讓所有的光伏發(fā)電單元在通訊條件下按照相同的功率輸出比率來發(fā)電,并為每個光伏單元給定參考電流；下層針對多個光伏逆變器運(yùn)行時逆變器之間的相互作用給控制帶來的困難,利用子空間預(yù)測控制方法對于處理多輸入多輸出控制系統(tǒng)方面的優(yōu)勢,設(shè)計了數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動子空間方法的分布式控制方法。最后通過數(shù)字仿真和SimPowerSystems仿真進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。 在子空間預(yù)測器的基礎(chǔ)上,本文還設(shè)計了一種數(shù)據(jù)驅(qū)動的故障檢測方法,保證并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的安全,避免太陽能并網(wǎng)逆變器的故障對用電設(shè)備造成的損壞和對電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定性構(gòu)成的威脅。利用子空間預(yù)測器對輸出電流的預(yù)測,根據(jù)預(yù)測信號與實(shí)際電流的差值,通過自適應(yīng)故障檢測濾波器來得到殘差信號以指示故障是否發(fā)生。并設(shè)計了利用在線數(shù)據(jù)更新故障檢測濾波器的快速算法。通過仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)對常見三種故障的進(jìn)行檢測,驗(yàn)證了方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of solar power generation technology provides the conditions for the replacement of the traditional petrochemical energy. In the photovoltaic power generation technology, in addition to the material technology and production technology of the photovoltaic cell components, the control technology of the photovoltaic inverter is also very important. The direct connection of the controller performance determines the stability of the photovoltaic grid connected power generation system. In addition, according to the safety requirements of the solar power generation system, the intermittent characteristics of solar power generation, and the development trend of the solar energy distributed generation, it is necessary to study the fault detection technology of the solar power generation system and the distributed solar power generation system control technology to ensure the grid connected power generation of solar energy. The stability of the system, the safety of the equipment, and the stability and optimization of the grid in the distributed generation with higher penetration of photovoltaic power.
For a complex system such as solar power generation system, the traditional model based method needs to get the mathematical model through the time-consuming modeling process. With the development of computer technology and digital control technology, a kind of controller design method based on data driven is developed in the control field. Using input and output data to design controllers directly, this method has unique theoretical advantages and application value.
This paper studies the theory of subspace prediction based on data driven, designs data driven control and fault detection methods. The principle, classification and structure of solar grid inverter are analyzed with solar power generation system as application target. The performance requirements of grid connected inverter control system and some existing problems are clarified. Problems are solved and data driven methods are used to solve these problems.
On the basis of subspace identification method, the prediction control based on subspace method is studied. The subspace prediction equation is obtained directly from the off-line input and output data. On the basis of this, the controller is designed. On the basis of the data driven subspace prediction control method, combined with the framework of H infinity hybrid sensitivity control, the solar energy is applied to the solar energy. In an inverter system, the output current is affected by external interference, such as the change of electrical network impedance. In order to meet the requirements of tracking performance and robustness in the control of inverter output current control, a H infinity hybrid sensitivity control algorithm based on data driven is proposed. Through the simulation application in Solar Grid inverter, this number is verified. According to the effectiveness of the driver space prediction control and its applicability in the solar power generation system, through the comparison with the traditional PI controller and the LQG controller, the designed controller can effectively restrain the disturbance of the electrical network impedance change, especially the sensitivity change during the operation of the inverter, and prove the robustness of the controller. Sex.
In this paper, the distributed generation of solar energy grid is studied. When there are multiple distributed solar power units in a local microgrid, the intermittent characteristics of the photovoltaic power generation are the threat to the power regulation and stability of the microgrid. A two layer control structure is designed, and the upper layer is distributed. The cooperative control allows all photovoltaic units to generate electricity at the same power output ratio under the same power output ratio and give a reference current for each photovoltaic unit. The lower layer is difficult to control the interaction between the inverters when the multiple photovoltaic inverters run, and the subspace predictive control method is used to deal with the multiple input. The distributed control method of the data driven subspace method is designed for the advantages of multi output control system. Finally, it is verified by digital simulation and SimPowerSystems simulation.
On the basis of the subspace predictor, a data driven fault detection method is also designed to ensure the security of the grid connected power generation system, avoid the damage caused by the solar grid connected inverter and the threat to the stability of the power grid. The difference between the actual current and the actual current, through the adaptive fault detection filter to get the residual signal to indicate whether the fault occurs or not, and designs a fast algorithm to update the fault detection filter by on-line data. Through the simulation experiment, the common three kinds of faults are detected, and the effectiveness of the square method is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM615;TP273

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