本文選題：磁通門 + 磁力儀��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：磁通門磁力儀又稱為磁飽和式磁敏傳感器，它是選取導(dǎo)磁率高的軟磁性材料(最常見的有坡莫合金、鈷基非晶合金等）作磁芯材料，根據(jù)法拉第電磁感應(yīng)定律設(shè)計(jì)的磁測量裝置。磁通門作為磁測量傳感器的一種，在很多科學(xué)技術(shù)研究領(lǐng)域中都會(huì)用到。由于磁通門傳感器能夠適用于高速運(yùn)動(dòng)的測試環(huán)境，尤其在弱磁場的測量方面具有優(yōu)勢，被廣泛用于物理學(xué)、金屬冶煉、醫(yī)療軍事、地球物理勘測、導(dǎo)航測姿、工業(yè)自動(dòng)化等領(lǐng)域。地磁常規(guī)和地動(dòng)預(yù)兆檢測的最合適的技術(shù)是弱磁場檢測技術(shù)，因此磁場的檢測成為當(dāng)今熱門研究領(lǐng)域。 本文在研究了大量磁通門磁力儀有關(guān)文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，介紹了磁通門磁力儀的分類和其國內(nèi)外的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢，闡明了磁通門傳感器的工作原理，確立雙磁芯的基本結(jié)構(gòu)，選擇了具有良好磁特性的軟磁材料坡莫合金做為磁力儀的磁芯材料，并依據(jù)其結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對(duì)其感應(yīng)信號(hào)造成的影響，設(shè)計(jì)、制作了磁通門磁力儀。在磁通門磁力儀的信號(hào)處理電路上，選擇了二次諧波電路做為磁通門磁力儀的感應(yīng)信號(hào)的檢測電路，以石英晶體（2.4576M）作為頻率源，通過分頻和功率放大處理后為磁通門磁力儀提供驅(qū)動(dòng)信號(hào)。同時(shí)利用同一頻率源分頻得到傳感器信號(hào)處理電路中相敏檢波電路的基準(zhǔn)信號(hào)。對(duì)于磁通門傳感器的輸出信號(hào)，設(shè)計(jì)的LC諧振、前置放大電路、帶通濾波電路、相敏檢波電路、低通濾波電路以及積分電路，使得磁通門磁力儀能夠正常工作，輸出端輸出的信號(hào)與被測磁場強(qiáng)度成正比例，并將被測磁場強(qiáng)度以LCD的形式顯示出來。此外，對(duì)磁通門傳感器噪聲形成的原因做了研究和分析。分析的結(jié)果表明：傳感器探頭的所有電磁特性以及形狀尺寸參數(shù)的不對(duì)稱都將導(dǎo)致噪聲的產(chǎn)生。通過對(duì)噪聲頻譜的分析，得到噪聲信號(hào)主要為感應(yīng)信號(hào)的基波分量和三次諧波分量，本文同時(shí)給出了一些抑制噪聲的建議。 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，磁通門磁力儀的線性度好，，系統(tǒng)的誤差小，精度高，達(dá)到了設(shè)計(jì)使用要求。
[Abstract]:The fluxgate magnetometer, also known as the magnetic saturation type magnetic sensor, selects soft magnetic materials with high magnetic conductivity (most common permalloy, cobalt-based amorphous alloys, etc.) as core materials. Magnetic measurement device designed according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. As a kind of magnetic sensor, fluxgate is used in many fields of science and technology. Fluxgate sensors are widely used in physics, metal smelting, medical military, geophysical survey, navigation and attitude determination because they can be used in high-speed moving environment, especially in the measurement of weak magnetic field, so they are widely used in physics, metal smelting, medical military, geophysical survey, navigation and attitude determination. Industrial automation, etc. The most suitable technique for geomagnetic routine and geomagnetic precursor detection is weak magnetic field detection, so magnetic field detection has become a hot research field. Based on the study of a large number of literatures on fluxgate magnetometers, this paper introduces the classification of fluxgate magnetometers, the present situation and development trend of fluxgate magnetometers at home and abroad, expounds the working principle of fluxgate sensors, and establishes the basic structure of dual magnetic cores. The soft magnetic material permalloy with good magnetic properties is selected as the core material of the magnetometer. According to the influence of its structure parameters on the inductive signal, the fluxgate magnetometer is designed and fabricated. In the signal processing circuit of the fluxgate magnetometer, the second harmonic circuit is selected as the detecting circuit of the inductive signal of the fluxgate magnetometer, and the quartz crystal (2.4576m) is used as the frequency source. The drive signal is provided for fluxgate magnetometer after frequency division and power amplification. At the same time, the reference signal of the phase sensitive detection circuit in the sensor signal processing circuit is obtained by using the same frequency source frequency division. For the output signal of fluxgate sensor, the designed LC resonance, preamplifier circuit, band-pass filter circuit, phase-sensitive detector circuit, low-pass filter circuit and integral circuit make the fluxgate magnetometer work normally. The output signal is proportional to the measured magnetic field intensity, and the measured magnetic field intensity is displayed in the form of LCD. In addition, the cause of noise formation of fluxgate sensor is studied and analyzed. The results show that all the electromagnetic characteristics of the sensor probe and the asymmetry of the shape and size parameters will lead to the noise generation. Through the analysis of the noise spectrum, it is found that the noise signal is mainly the fundamental component and the third harmonic component of the inductive signal. Some suggestions for noise suppression are also given in this paper. The experimental results show that the fluxgate magnetometer has good linearity, small system error and high precision.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TP212.13;TM936

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