本文選題：風(fēng)電場 + 并網(wǎng)��； 參考：《北京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著風(fēng)力發(fā)電技術(shù)的快速進(jìn)步和國家對(duì)可再生能源的政策支持,我國風(fēng)力發(fā)電產(chǎn)業(yè)取得了迅猛的進(jìn)展。但是由于我國電網(wǎng)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)以及風(fēng)資源的分布特點(diǎn),目前,我國風(fēng)電發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)出了大規(guī)模集中開發(fā)的特征,同時(shí)大型風(fēng)電場都處于遠(yuǎn)離電力負(fù)荷中心的較偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū),該地區(qū)一般都處于電網(wǎng)末端,電網(wǎng)網(wǎng)架結(jié)構(gòu)較薄弱,因此,大規(guī)模風(fēng)電需要通過超高壓、遠(yuǎn)距離輸電線路輸送到負(fù)荷中心。由于超高壓輸電通道具有較大的充電功率以及風(fēng)電本身存在的波動(dòng)性和不確定性,使得大規(guī)模風(fēng)電集中接入點(diǎn)和輸電通道潮流產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的波動(dòng)性,從而導(dǎo)致大規(guī)模風(fēng)電接入?yún)^(qū)域電網(wǎng)的并網(wǎng)點(diǎn)電壓隨著風(fēng)電出力的變化而大起大落,嚴(yán)重影響電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行的電壓質(zhì)量和穩(wěn)定性。因此研究大規(guī)模風(fēng)電集中接入電網(wǎng)的無功電壓特性及其控制策略具有重要的實(shí)際意義。本文首先介紹了風(fēng)電場無功電壓控制技術(shù)的研究現(xiàn)狀,研究和分析了無功電壓自動(dòng)控制措施的基本原理和特點(diǎn)。其然后根據(jù)實(shí)際工程需求,提出了風(fēng)電場無功電壓整體控制策略,即通過對(duì)風(fēng)電場無功的控制實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)母線電壓及風(fēng)機(jī)機(jī)端電壓的控制。一方面,針對(duì)風(fēng)電場無功電壓穩(wěn)定性控制問題,具體思路是通過風(fēng)電場建模,計(jì)算中綜合考慮升壓變、箱變、集電匯線、風(fēng)機(jī)等設(shè)備的無功需求,實(shí)時(shí)計(jì)算風(fēng)電場整體無功裕度,協(xié)調(diào)利用SVC、風(fēng)機(jī)、分接頭以及電容器組的無功調(diào)節(jié)能力,保持風(fēng)電場無功平衡及電壓穩(wěn)定,并保留足夠的裕度以應(yīng)對(duì)異常情況,實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制;另一方面,針對(duì)風(fēng)機(jī)機(jī)端電壓穩(wěn)定性控制問題,具體思路是通過風(fēng)電場狀態(tài)估計(jì),實(shí)現(xiàn)風(fēng)電場全面監(jiān)測,同時(shí)避免無效采樣數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)計(jì)算的影響,保證系統(tǒng)的整體可靠性,通過分析風(fēng)電場潮流,平衡各集電匯線之間的電壓,盡量控制風(fēng)機(jī)均處于進(jìn)相運(yùn)行狀態(tài),避免由于電壓波動(dòng)導(dǎo)致風(fēng)機(jī)脫網(wǎng)事件的發(fā)生。其次在所提出的整體控制策略的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)了一套風(fēng)電場智能無功電壓自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng),同時(shí)描述了系統(tǒng)的整體框架并詳細(xì)介紹了系統(tǒng)各個(gè)子模塊的工作原理、功能與配置情況。最后將所設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用于實(shí)際工程中,本文以甘肅橋?yàn)�、酒泉橋東風(fēng)電場AVC系統(tǒng)場內(nèi)閉環(huán)運(yùn)行測試情況為實(shí)例對(duì)所設(shè)計(jì)的控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行性能評(píng)估,證明了本文設(shè)計(jì)的風(fēng)電場無功電壓自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)的有效性與控制策略的合理性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid progress of wind power technology and national policy support for renewable energy, the wind power industry in China has made rapid progress. However, due to the development trend of power grid and the distribution characteristics of wind resources in China, wind power development in China is characterized by large-scale centralized development, and large wind farms are located in remote areas far from the power load center. The area is generally located at the end of the power grid, and the grid structure is weak. Therefore, large-scale wind power needs to be transmitted to the load center through ultra-high voltage and long-distance transmission lines. Due to the large charging power and the volatility and uncertainty of wind power in EHV transmission channels, large-scale concentrated wind power access points and transmission channel power flow have strong volatility. As a result, the parallel network voltage of large-scale wind power connected to the regional power network fluctuates with the variation of wind power output, which seriously affects the voltage quality and stability of power grid operation. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the reactive power and voltage characteristics of large-scale wind power centralized access network and its control strategy. This paper first introduces the research status of reactive power and voltage control technology in wind farm, studies and analyzes the basic principle and characteristics of reactive power and voltage automatic control measures. Then according to the actual engineering demand, the overall control strategy of reactive power and voltage of wind farm is put forward, that is, the control of bus voltage and wind turbine terminal voltage is realized through the control of reactive power of wind farm. On the one hand, aiming at the control problem of reactive power and voltage stability of wind farm, the concrete idea is to model the wind farm and consider comprehensively the reactive power demand of the equipment, such as booster change, box change, collecting wire transfer line, fan and so on, in the calculation. The overall reactive power margin of wind farm is calculated in real time, and the reactive power regulation ability of SVC, fan, tap joint and capacitor bank is used in coordination, and the reactive power balance and voltage stability of wind farm are maintained, and sufficient margin is reserved to deal with abnormal situation and realize risk control. On the other hand, aiming at the problem of voltage stability control of wind turbine terminal, the concrete idea is to realize wind farm comprehensive monitoring through wind farm state estimation, and to avoid the influence of invalid sampling data on calculation, so as to ensure the overall reliability of the system. By analyzing the wind farm power flow, balancing the voltage between the collection lines, controlling the wind turbine in the phase forward operation state as far as possible, avoiding the event of the fan being off the grid caused by the voltage fluctuation. Secondly, a set of intelligent reactive power and voltage automatic control system of wind farm is designed and developed based on the proposed overall control strategy. At the same time, the whole frame of the system is described and the working principle of each sub-module of the system is introduced in detail. Function and configuration. Finally, the designed system is applied to practical engineering. The performance of the designed control system is evaluated by taking the closed-loop operation test of the AVC system in the field of Qiaowan and Jiuquan Bridge wind farms in Gansu Province as an example. It is proved that the reactive power and voltage automatic control system designed in this paper is effective and the control strategy is reasonable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TP273;TM614

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