本文選題：小分子 + 有機太陽能電池�。� 參考：《中國海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著煤、石油等傳統(tǒng)能源的日益消耗，尋找新型、無污染的環(huán)境友好型的可再生能源已成為一個世界性的課題，太陽能由于具有無污染，取之不盡等自身的優(yōu)點而受到人類的關(guān)注和開發(fā)利用。有機太陽能電池由于制備工藝簡單、廉價、易于大面積制備及柔性等優(yōu)點，而成為世界范圍內(nèi)的研究熱點。有機體異質(zhì)結(jié)太陽能電池根據(jù)活性層中給體材料的不同又可分為聚合物太陽能電池和小分子太陽能電池。文獻(xiàn)報道的聚合物體異質(zhì)結(jié)太陽能電池的最高光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率已達(dá)9.2%，有機小分子體異質(zhì)結(jié)太陽能電池的最高光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率亦已達(dá)到8.12%。小分子太陽能電池與聚合物太陽電池相比：具有分子易于設(shè)計修飾、提純方便、分子結(jié)構(gòu)明確、合成重復(fù)性好、分子量確定等優(yōu)點，而備受關(guān)注。 本文是根據(jù)給體-受體（D-A）的設(shè)計思路，合成了一系列有機小分子給體材料并對其光伏性能進行了研究。 在第二章中，我們將硫靛引入到小分子體系中。硫靛是用噻吩取代異靛外側(cè)的苯環(huán)。噻吩環(huán)比苯環(huán)顯示更強的給電子性，而且基于硫靛的共軛聚合物的光吸收可以延伸到更長波長，我們合成了含硫靛的小分子TIDO2T在薄膜中的吸收可拓寬至871nm。結(jié)果表明，與異靛相比，基于硫靛的小分子吸收光譜可以擴展到近紅外（NIR）。TIDO2T的光學(xué)帶隙為1.42eV，HOMO能級為-4.87eV，LUMO能級為-3.45eV。基于TIDO2T的有機太陽能電池顯示出1.14％的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率（PCE），0.44V的開路電壓（Voc），7.76mA/cm2的短路電流（Jsc）和33％的填充因子（FF）。這是首次將硫靛成功地應(yīng)用到可溶液加工的有機太陽能電池中。 在第三章中，我們將并噻唑和苯并噻二唑兩種受體通過噻吩π-電橋連接，合成了含雙受體的小分子DTTz-DTBTT。該小分子具有良好的熱穩(wěn)定性，優(yōu)良的溶解性和成膜性。DTTz-DTBTT的光學(xué)帶隙為1.65eV，HOMO能級為-5.05eV，LUMO能級為-3.07eV�；贒TTz-DTBTT和PC61BM的有機太陽能電池得到0.66V的Voc，5.11mA/cm2的Jsc，和48%的FF，1.64％的PCE。測試結(jié)果表明，基于兩種不同受體的小分子對于給體材料的設(shè)計是一種有效的策略。 在第四章中，通過引入二維苯并二噻吩單元，進一步降低了小分子的帶寬，有利于獲得高的短路電流和開路電壓。引入強吸電子的氰基乙酸辛酯和電子受體苯并三氮唑單元，有效地調(diào)節(jié)了分子的HOMO和LUMO能級，相應(yīng)的HOMO和LUMO能級分別為-5.13eV和-3.31eV，使得小分子與PC61BM的能級匹配更理想。采用簡單旋涂法制造工藝，基于D(CATBTzT)BDT:PC61BM的有機太陽能電池得到3.61％的PCE與0.93V的高開路電壓；該太陽能電池也可以顯示高達(dá)72％的FF。 在第五章中，我們通過Stille偶合反應(yīng)合成了兩種窄帶隙的有機小分子DRTBTTBDT和DRTBTTBDTT，其光學(xué)帶隙的分別是1.80eV和1.81eV。相應(yīng)的HOMO能級分別為-5.09eV和-5.13eV， LUMO能級分別為-3.28eV和-3.33eV。二維苯并二噻吩的引入，有效地調(diào)節(jié)了HOMO、LUMO能級，降低了材料的能級，獲得了比較高的開路電壓。通過對材料體系的微調(diào)，，可以改善電流或是電壓，但獲得的小分子在與PC61BM共混的器件整體的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率偏低。DRTBTTBDT最優(yōu)化光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率PCE為1.01%，開路電壓（Voc）為0.70V，短路電流為4.15mA/cm2（Jsc）和填充因子（FF）35％。退火溫度100℃時，DRTBTTBDT和DRTBTTBDTT得到最大的遷移率值分別為0.004和0.016cm2/Vs，二維的小分子表現(xiàn)出了比較高的遷移率。
[Abstract]:With the increasing consumption of traditional energy such as coal and oil, it has become a worldwide topic to find new and pollution-free environmental friendly renewable energy. Solar energy has been paid attention to and exploited by mankind because of its pollution free and inexhaustible advantages. With the advantages of large area preparation and flexibility, it has become a hot topic in the world. The solar cells of organism heterojunction can be divided into polymer solar cells and small molecular solar cells according to the different material in the active layer. The highest photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar energy cell of the polymeric heterojunction heterojunction has reached 9.2%, The maximum photoelectric conversion efficiency of organic small molecular heterojunction solar cells has reached 8.12%. small molecular solar cells compared with polymer solar cells, which have the advantages of easy molecular design, easy purification, clear molecular structure, good reproducibility, and molecular weight determination.
Based on the design idea of donor acceptor (D-A), a series of organic small molecule donor materials have been synthesized and their photovoltaic properties have been studied.
In the second chapter, thiophene is introduced into a small molecular system. Thiophene is a substituted phenyl ring with thiophene to replace the lateral indigo. The thiophene ring specific benzene ring shows a stronger electron property, and the optical absorption of the conjugated polymer based on the indigo can extend to longer wavelengths. We have synthesized the absorption of the small molecule TIDO2T containing Indigo in the film. The results of 871nm. show that, compared with isoindigo, the small molecular absorption spectrum based on indigo can extend to the near infrared (NIR).TIDO2T optical band gap is 1.42eV, HOMO energy level is -4.87eV, LUMO energy level is -3.45eV. based on TIDO2T based organic solar cells showing 1.14% photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE), 0.44V open circuit voltage (Voc), shorter. Jsc and 33% fill factor (FF). This is the first time that sulfur indigo has been successfully applied to solable organic solar cells.
In the third chapter, we combine the thiophene and benzothiazole two azole two receptors through the thiophene pion bridge to synthesize a small molecule DTTz-DTBTT. containing two receptors. The small molecule has good thermal stability. The excellent solubility and the optical band gap of the membranous.DTTz-DTBTT are 1.65eV, the HOMO level is -5.05eV, and the LUMO level is -3.07eV. based on DTTz-DTBT. T and PC61BM organic solar cells get 0.66V Voc, 5.11mA/cm2 Jsc, and 48% FF, and 1.64% PCE. test results show that small molecules based on two different receptors are an effective strategy for the design of donor materials.
In the fourth chapter, by introducing the two-dimensional benzo two thiophene unit, the bandwidth of the small molecules is further reduced and the short circuit current and the open circuit voltage are obtained. The HOMO and the LUMO energy levels of the molecules are effectively regulated by the introduction of the strong absorption electron cyanoacetate Octyl and the electron acceptor benzo three azazole unit, and the corresponding HOMO and LUMO levels are respectively - 5.13eV and -3.31eV make the small molecules match the energy level of PC61BM more ideally. Using a simple spin coating process, a high open circuit voltage of 3.61% PCE and 0.93V is obtained based on D (CATBTzT) BDT:PC61BM organic solar cells; the solar cell can also show up to 72% FF.
In the fifth chapter, we synthesized two narrow band gap organic small molecules DRTBTTBDT and DRTBTTBDTT through the Stille coupling reaction, and the corresponding HOMO energy levels of 1.80eV and 1.81eV. respectively are -5.09eV and -5.13eV, and LUMO levels are -3.28eV and -3.33eV. two-dimensional benzo two thiophene respectively. By reducing the energy level of the material, the higher open circuit voltage is obtained. By the fine tuning of the material system, the current or voltage can be improved, but the obtained small molecules are low in the overall photoelectric conversion efficiency of the whole PC61BM blends.DRTBTTBDT, PCE is 1.01%, the open circuit voltage (Voc) is 0.70V, and the short circuit current is 4.1. When the annealing temperature of 5mA/cm2 (Jsc) and filling factor (FF) 35%. is 100 C, the maximum mobility values of DRTBTTBDT and DRTBTTBDTT are 0.004 and 0.016cm2/Vs respectively, and the two-dimensional small molecules show higher mobility.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM914.4

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 謝麗欣;趙雪梅;趙志強;甄杰明;陳木青;朱俊;戴松元;楊上峰;;繞丹寧修飾富勒烯作為新型聚合物太陽能電池受體光伏材料增強光吸收(英文)[J];中國科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)學(xué)報;2014年08期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 秦紅梅;吡嗪聚合物和卟啉小分子的合成及其光伏性能研究[D];華南理工大學(xué);2013年

2 黃玉英;基于卟啉的小分子和聚合物的合成及其光伏性能研究[D];華南理工大學(xué);2012年

3 周睿;以萘及氟萘為端基的二酮吡咯并吡咯類小分子光伏性能研究[D];華南理工大學(xué);2013年

4 Shamsa Bibi;含硫小分子高效有機太陽能電池給體材料的分子設(shè)計[D];東北師范大學(xué);2014年

5 劉升建;醇溶性胺基功能化共軛有機/聚合物的合成與光電性能研究[D];華南理工大學(xué);2014年

本文編號：1939181