本文選題：電動汽車 + 分時(shí)電價(jià)��； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在環(huán)境與能源問題日趨嚴(yán)重的背景下，電動汽車因其能耗低及零污染的優(yōu)點(diǎn)正得到越來越多的關(guān)注。隨著電動汽車行業(yè)和智能電網(wǎng)技術(shù)的快速發(fā)展，電動汽車與電網(wǎng)在受控狀態(tài)下，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)能量、信息雙向互動，由此形成了“車—電”互聯(lián)即V2G。然而電動汽車因其自身充電行為由車主的選擇而定，具有很大的隨機(jī)性，如果沒有合理的方法和政策來引導(dǎo)大規(guī)模電動汽車的隨機(jī)充放電行為，電動汽車的接入會給電力系統(tǒng)的安全穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行帶來許多問題。 由于采用慢充電方式的電動汽車充放行為主要由電動汽車車主針對自身情況來決定，所以電網(wǎng)公司很難通過常規(guī)的調(diào)度手段來改變電動汽車車主的意愿和習(xí)慣，使其按照有利于電網(wǎng)穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的時(shí)間段進(jìn)行充放電。而分時(shí)電價(jià)機(jī)制統(tǒng)籌兼顧了電網(wǎng)公司和電動汽車車主雙方的利益，充分發(fā)揮電價(jià)的宏觀調(diào)控作用，可以使多數(shù)電動汽車車主自愿改變充放電時(shí)段。首先，本文基于離散吸引力模型，依據(jù)需求價(jià)格彈性的定義，推導(dǎo)出自彈性系數(shù)和互彈性系數(shù)的計(jì)算公式，并通過數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算，將離散吸引力模型線性化，運(yùn)用SPSS軟件對參數(shù)進(jìn)行估計(jì)，得到分時(shí)電價(jià)下的需求價(jià)格彈性矩陣。其次，，根據(jù)電動汽車對分時(shí)電價(jià)的響應(yīng)程度將其劃分成四類，利用需求價(jià)格彈性矩陣建立這四類電動汽車對分時(shí)電價(jià)的需求響應(yīng)模型。最后，考慮電網(wǎng)公司和電動汽車車主雙方的利益，運(yùn)用基于遺傳算法的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化求解出一套最優(yōu)分時(shí)電價(jià)方案，用電價(jià)手段來引導(dǎo)電動汽車的充放電行為。算例驗(yàn)證結(jié)果表明最優(yōu)分時(shí)電價(jià)方案可以顯著地減少車主花銷，降低配電網(wǎng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)損耗，平滑負(fù)荷曲線。
[Abstract]:Under the background of increasingly serious environmental and energy problems, more and more attention has been paid to electric vehicles because of their advantages of low energy consumption and zero pollution. With the rapid development of electric vehicle industry and smart grid technology, under the controlled state, electric vehicle and power grid can realize two-way interaction of energy and information, thus forming the "vehicle-electricity" interconnection (V2G). However, the charging behavior of an electric vehicle is determined by its owner's choice, so it has a lot of randomness. If there is no reasonable method and policy to guide the random charging and discharging behavior of large-scale electric vehicle, The access of electric vehicles will bring many problems to the safe and stable operation of power system. Because the charging behavior of electric vehicles with slow charging mode is mainly determined by the owners of electric vehicles according to their own circumstances, it is difficult for power grid companies to change the wishes and habits of electric vehicle owners through conventional dispatching methods. Make it according to the stable operation of the power network in the period of charge and discharge. The time-sharing pricing mechanism takes into account the interests of both the power grid company and the owner of the electric vehicle, and gives full play to the macro-control role of the electricity price, which can make most electric vehicle owners voluntarily change the charging and discharging period. Firstly, based on the discrete attraction model and the definition of demand price elasticity, the formulas of elastic coefficient and mutual elasticity coefficient are derived, and the discrete attraction model is linearized by mathematical operation. The SPSS software is used to estimate the parameters and the demand price elasticity matrix under time-sharing price is obtained. Secondly, according to the response degree of electric vehicle to time-sharing price, it is divided into four categories, and the demand response model of these four kinds of electric vehicle to timeshare price is established by using demand price elasticity matrix. Finally, considering the interests of the power grid company and the owner of electric vehicle, a set of optimal time-sharing pricing scheme based on genetic algorithm is proposed to guide the charging and discharging behavior of electric vehicle. The simulation results show that the optimal time-sharing pricing scheme can significantly reduce the cost of vehicle owners reduce the network loss of distribution network and smooth the load curve.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：U469.72;TM910.6

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本文編號：1928710