本文選題：共模電壓 + PWM逆變器�。� 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著高頻電力電子開關(guān)廣泛應(yīng)用于鐵路機車牽引系統(tǒng),在提升電機控制性能的同時也給牽引系統(tǒng)帶來了負面效應(yīng)。由于鐵路機車牽引系統(tǒng)中的PWM逆變器的瞬時輸出三相電壓是不對稱的,就會在牽引系統(tǒng)中產(chǎn)生共模電壓,并且在異步電機系統(tǒng)中產(chǎn)生軸電壓、軸電流等負面效應(yīng),嚴(yán)重影響了牽引系統(tǒng)的安全性和可靠性。因此,研究共模電壓的形成機理、影響過程和抑制策略,對提升鐵路機車牽引系統(tǒng)的安全性和可靠性有重要意義。 本文首先會對PWM逆變器的工作原理和輸出共模電壓進行分析研究,了解共模電壓的相關(guān)特性。之后對異步電機的基本工作原理、結(jié)構(gòu)進行研究,在此基礎(chǔ)上分析異步電機共模模型和共模電壓對異步電機的影響,特別對軸電壓的產(chǎn)生原理和軸電流的流通路徑進行詳細分析研究。然后在PWM逆變器和異步電機分析研究的基礎(chǔ)上,提出共模電壓的抑制策略,主要包括硬件策略和軟件策略兩方面,并就抑制原理進行分析。最后結(jié)合PWM逆變器驅(qū)動異步電機系統(tǒng)的理論分析,利用Matlab/Simulink仿真軟件,建立驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)仿真模型,首先研究SPWM調(diào)制參數(shù)對共模電壓、軸電壓、dvldt電流和EDM電流的影響；然后研究直流側(cè)供電模式和濾波器對共模電壓、軸電壓和軸電流的影響；最后研究SVPWM控制、NZPWM控制和直接轉(zhuǎn)矩控制(DTC)對共模電壓、軸電壓和軸電流的影響。 通過理論研究和仿真分析可以得出,共模電壓硬件抑制策略有一定的優(yōu)勢,但是并沒有從根本上消除共模電壓,不僅增加了系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜程度,而且相關(guān)硬件成本較高,通用性差,因此其性價比較低；而根據(jù)基于控制策略來抑制共模電壓的分析研究可知,軟件抑制策略不需格外增加硬件結(jié)構(gòu),而且投入低,通用性較好,基本上能滿足機車牽引系統(tǒng)中共模電壓抑制的要求。如果將硬件和軟件抑制策略的優(yōu)勢相結(jié)合,能以最小的成本達到最好的效果。
[Abstract]:With the high frequency power electronic switch widely used in the traction system of railway locomotive, it not only improves the control performance of the motor, but also brings negative effects to the traction system. Because the instantaneous output three-phase voltage of PWM inverter in traction system of railway locomotive is asymmetrical, common mode voltage will be produced in traction system, and negative effects such as shaft voltage, shaft current and so on will be produced in asynchronous motor system. It seriously affects the safety and reliability of traction system. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the formation mechanism, influence process and suppression strategy of common-mode voltage for improving the safety and reliability of railway locomotive traction system. In this paper, the working principle and output common-mode voltage of PWM inverter are analyzed and studied firstly, and the related characteristics of common-mode voltage are understood. Then, the basic working principle and structure of asynchronous motor are studied, and the influence of common-mode model and common-mode voltage on asynchronous motor is analyzed. In particular, the generation principle of axis voltage and the flow path of axis current are analyzed in detail. Then, based on the analysis of PWM inverter and asynchronous motor, the common mode voltage suppression strategy is proposed, including hardware strategy and software strategy, and the suppression principle is analyzed. Finally, based on the theoretical analysis of the PWM inverter drive asynchronous motor system, the simulation model of the drive system is established by using the Matlab/Simulink simulation software. Firstly, the influence of the SPWM modulation parameters on the common-mode voltage, axis voltage, dvldt current and EDM current is studied. Then the influence of DC power supply mode and filter on common-mode voltage, axial voltage and axial current is studied. Finally, the influence of SVPWM control and direct torque control on common-mode voltage, axial voltage and axial current is studied. Through theoretical research and simulation analysis, it can be concluded that the common mode voltage hardware suppression strategy has some advantages, but it does not eliminate the common mode voltage fundamentally, which not only increases the complexity of the system, but also has high hardware cost. Because of its poor generality, its performance / price ratio is low. According to the analysis and research of the control strategy to suppress common-mode voltage, the software suppression strategy does not need extra hardware structure, and has low investment and good versatility. Basically can meet the locomotive traction system common mode voltage suppression requirements. If the advantages of hardware and software suppression strategies are combined, the best results can be achieved at minimal cost.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM343

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本文編號：1924930