本文選題：超聲電機(jī) + 驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)�。� 參考：《集美大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：超聲電機(jī)(Ultrasonic Motor，USM)具有結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、設(shè)計(jì)靈活、響應(yīng)速度快、不產(chǎn)生磁場以及不受磁場干擾等特點(diǎn)，在對(duì)磁場敏感或有高定位及精度要求的領(lǐng)域如航空航天、精密儀器儀表等具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。 本文介紹為實(shí)驗(yàn)室研發(fā)的一種新型旋轉(zhuǎn)型超聲電機(jī)開發(fā)驅(qū)動(dòng)控制的試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)。此新型超聲電機(jī)即壓電定子與壓電轉(zhuǎn)子振型嵌合式旋轉(zhuǎn)超聲電機(jī)的運(yùn)行離不開其驅(qū)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)。目前市場為這種超聲電機(jī)所用的驅(qū)動(dòng)電源還是空白，因此在分析此超聲電機(jī)的驅(qū)動(dòng)原理的基礎(chǔ)上，提出制作一種基于虛擬儀器的驅(qū)動(dòng)電源。 首先，簡要分析此超聲電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)原理，由此得出驅(qū)動(dòng)條件為兩組分別相位差為90°的兩路頻率相同幅值相同的正弦交變電壓，其中一組驅(qū)動(dòng)定子，另一組驅(qū)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)子，，初次時(shí)運(yùn)行驅(qū)動(dòng)定子與轉(zhuǎn)子的兩組信號(hào)的相位差為180°。由于該電機(jī)每次啟動(dòng)要求壓電定子和轉(zhuǎn)子振型嵌合位置關(guān)系，這兩組電壓的相位差是根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)子相對(duì)定子轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)角度而決定。因此，即檢測轉(zhuǎn)子與定子相對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)角用于反饋校正壓電定子和轉(zhuǎn)子驅(qū)動(dòng)信號(hào)的相位關(guān)系。 其次，以PC計(jì)算機(jī)為核心的硬件平臺(tái)上，應(yīng)用虛擬儀器技術(shù)，通過DAQ板卡和外圍電路的設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行輸入輸出采集與控制。使之輸出幅值、頻率、相位皆可調(diào)節(jié)的正弦信號(hào)，通過光電編碼器檢測超聲電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子相對(duì)定子位置反饋給系統(tǒng)用以保證電機(jī)下次啟動(dòng)時(shí)保持定轉(zhuǎn)子振型嵌合位置關(guān)系。 最后，為此系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)制作了巴特沃斯低通濾波電路和移相電路，將從計(jì)算機(jī)板卡輸出的兩路含有高頻諧波的正弦電壓分成四路光滑的正弦電壓。 試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，該試驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)完全滿足此新型旋轉(zhuǎn)型超聲電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)控制試驗(yàn)要求。本系統(tǒng)為新型超聲電機(jī)奠定試驗(yàn)技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Ultrasonic motor USM (Ultrasonic Motor USM) has the advantages of compact structure, flexible design, fast response speed, no magnetic field and no magnetic field interference. Precision instruments and other instruments have a broad application prospects. In this paper, a new type of rotary ultrasonic motor driving control system developed for the laboratory is introduced. The new ultrasonic motor, that is, the piezoelectric stator and the piezoelectric rotor vibration chimeric rotary ultrasonic motor can not run without its drive and control system. At present, the driving power supply for this kind of ultrasonic motor is still blank in the market. Therefore, based on the analysis of the driving principle of the ultrasonic motor, a kind of driving power supply based on virtual instrument is proposed. Firstly, the driving principle of the ultrasonic motor is briefly analyzed, and the driving conditions are obtained as follows: two sets of sinusoidal alternating voltages with the same frequency and the same amplitude with 90 擄phase difference, one group of actuated stator, the other group of driving rotors. The phase difference between the two sets of signals is 180 擄. The phase difference between the two sets of voltages is determined by the rotation angle of the rotor relative to the stator because the motor requires the chimeric position of the piezoelectric stator and the rotor mode for each start. Therefore, the relative rotation angle between the rotor and the stator is detected for feedback correction of the phase relationship between the piezoelectric stator and the rotor driving signal. Secondly, on the hardware platform with PC computer as the core, the input and output acquisition and control are carried out through the design of DAQ card and peripheral circuit by using virtual instrument technology. The output sinusoidal signal with adjustable amplitude, frequency and phase can be detected by photoelectric encoder and fed back to the system by measuring the rotor position relative to the stator in order to ensure that the stator and rotor mode chimeric position relationship can be maintained at the next start of the motor. Finally, a Butterworth low-pass filter circuit and a phase-shifting circuit are designed and fabricated. Two sinusoidal voltages with high frequency harmonics from the computer board are divided into four smooth sinusoidal voltages. The experimental results show that the test system can meet the requirements of the new rotary ultrasonic motor drive and control test. This system establishes the experimental technology foundation for the new type ultrasonic motor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：集美大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM359.9

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