改善VSCFDG運(yùn)行性能的控制技術(shù)研究
本文選題:變速恒頻 + 軍用移動(dòng)式柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組; 參考:《西北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年博士論文
【摘要】:為滿足應(yīng)用環(huán)境的需求,現(xiàn)代軍用移動(dòng)式柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組(Military Mobile DieselGenerator Set,MMDGS)對(duì)輸出電能品質(zhì)、運(yùn)行可靠性、負(fù)載適應(yīng)性、隱蔽性能等方面的技術(shù)指標(biāo)有著嚴(yán)格的要求。變速恒頻(Variable Speed Constant Frequency,VSCF)技術(shù)是近年來(lái)在航空航天供電、船舶供電、新能源發(fā)電等領(lǐng)域的研究熱點(diǎn),其能夠有效提高發(fā)電設(shè)備的燃料利用率和輸出電能品質(zhì),同時(shí)降低設(shè)備的重量和體積。引入VSCF技術(shù)的變速恒頻柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組(Variable Speed Constant Frequency Diesel Generator,VSCFDG)非常適宜于改善MMDGS的性能,,也被認(rèn)為是新一代柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。為滿足MMDGS的現(xiàn)代化要求和持續(xù)保持其高性能的優(yōu)勢(shì),論文在總后勤部西安建筑工程研究所的某型重點(diǎn)裝備預(yù)研項(xiàng)目子課題的支撐下,以基于VSCFDG的MMDGS為研究對(duì)象,圍繞改善其運(yùn)行性能的控制技術(shù)開展了研究工作。 VSCFDG運(yùn)行控制主要涉及運(yùn)行轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)度曲線設(shè)計(jì)及轉(zhuǎn)速控制、機(jī)側(cè)變換器控制、網(wǎng)側(cè)變換器控制,是決定著VSCFDG主要功能和性能的核心技術(shù),直接影響整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的主要技術(shù)指標(biāo)。論文依據(jù)MMDGS的實(shí)際運(yùn)行需求,對(duì)控制系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化、變速恒頻運(yùn)行控制技術(shù)進(jìn)行深入研究,重點(diǎn)針對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)度曲線設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化方法、轉(zhuǎn)速運(yùn)行控制技術(shù)、機(jī)側(cè)變換器結(jié)構(gòu)及運(yùn)行控制技術(shù)、網(wǎng)側(cè)變換器結(jié)構(gòu)及運(yùn)行控制技術(shù)、控制系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)等方面展開了研究。 為降低VSCFDG的燃油消耗率和噪聲污染,論文對(duì)VSCFDG的運(yùn)行轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)度及運(yùn)行轉(zhuǎn)速控制問(wèn)題展開了研究。論文采用實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法,結(jié)合發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)及發(fā)電機(jī)的特性和發(fā)電機(jī)運(yùn)行的規(guī)律來(lái)確定機(jī)組運(yùn)行的目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)度曲線,該目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)度曲線兼顧了系統(tǒng)效率、負(fù)載的功率需求和系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行可靠性。同時(shí),為保證發(fā)電機(jī)組在寬轉(zhuǎn)速范圍內(nèi)的轉(zhuǎn)速控制性能及控制性能的一致性,增強(qiáng)系統(tǒng)對(duì)負(fù)載突變時(shí)的緩沖能力,提出一種新型復(fù)合模糊自校正PID控制策略,并通過(guò)仿真和工程試驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,結(jié)果表明所設(shè)計(jì)的目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)度曲線及其調(diào)度策略合理,所提出的轉(zhuǎn)速控制策略能夠滿足VSCFDG的功能和性能指標(biāo)。相對(duì)于傳統(tǒng)的PID調(diào)速控制策略,所提轉(zhuǎn)速控制策略的響應(yīng)時(shí)間顯著提高,增強(qiáng)了系統(tǒng)對(duì)負(fù)載突變沖擊的緩沖能力。 為提高對(duì)負(fù)載的適應(yīng)性并改善VSCFDG的電能輸出品質(zhì),論文基于瞬時(shí)對(duì)稱分量理論,采用基于正負(fù)序同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)的雙閉環(huán)控制策略來(lái)改善輸出電壓波形的質(zhì)量,通過(guò)引入諧波諧振抑制環(huán)節(jié)構(gòu)建了改進(jìn)的正負(fù)序同步旋轉(zhuǎn)坐標(biāo)下的雙閉環(huán)控制策略,進(jìn)一步抑制不對(duì)稱負(fù)載和非線性負(fù)載對(duì)輸出電壓的擾動(dòng),提高了輸出電壓的正弦度。 為提高系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的可靠性、系統(tǒng)維護(hù)的便利性和快速性,論文通過(guò)對(duì)VSCFDG運(yùn)行控制任務(wù)的分析和規(guī)劃,按照模塊化設(shè)計(jì)思想將整個(gè)控制系統(tǒng)分解為多個(gè)單元控制子系統(tǒng),并提出了一種分級(jí)分布式控制系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)。各單元控制子系統(tǒng)分別承擔(dān)一項(xiàng)主要控制任務(wù),并通過(guò)內(nèi)部總線集成為一個(gè)有機(jī)整體,增強(qiáng)了VSCFDG控制系統(tǒng)的可靠性,改善了系統(tǒng)維護(hù)的快速性和便利性。結(jié)合實(shí)際應(yīng)用需求,論文對(duì)主要單元控制子系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),對(duì)容易影響系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的重要環(huán)節(jié),采用余度控制、多重監(jiān)測(cè)等手段來(lái)進(jìn)一步提高系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的可靠性。 最后,論文在搭建的VSCFDG樣機(jī)上進(jìn)行了局部運(yùn)行控制和整機(jī)運(yùn)行控制的功能與性能驗(yàn)證。局部運(yùn)行控制試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,所設(shè)計(jì)VSCFDG的單元控制子系統(tǒng)及其控制策略完全能夠滿足單元運(yùn)行控制的要求。整機(jī)運(yùn)行控制試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,所提出的控制系統(tǒng)架構(gòu)合理、有效,整個(gè)VSCFDG系統(tǒng)的功能與性能完全滿足應(yīng)用技術(shù)指標(biāo)。 由于與其他發(fā)電設(shè)備(如燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)發(fā)電機(jī)組、光伏發(fā)電機(jī)組等)運(yùn)行控制的相似性或局部相似性,盡管本論文的研究工作主要是針對(duì)MMDGS進(jìn)行的,然而所提方案和控制策略、試驗(yàn)結(jié)論對(duì)于其他類型中小型發(fā)電設(shè)備也具有指導(dǎo)、借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the needs of the application environment , the modern military mobile diesel generator set ( MMDGS ) has strict requirements on the technical indexes such as output power quality , operation reliability , load adaptability , concealment performance and so on . Variable Speed Constant Frequency Diesel Generator ( VSCF ) technology is very suitable for improving the performance of MMDGS and reducing the weight and volume of equipment .
The operation control of VSCFDG mainly involves designing and rotating speed control , machine - side converter control and net - side converter control . It is the core technology that determines the main function and performance of VSCFDG . It directly affects the main technical indexes of the whole system . According to the actual operation demand of MMDGS , the paper studies the design and optimization of the control system , the control technology of rotating speed , the structure of the machine - side converter and operation control technology , the structure of the net - side converter and the operation control technology , and the optimization design of the control system .
In order to reduce the fuel consumption rate and noise pollution of VSCFDG , the paper studies the operation speed schedule and operation speed control of VSCFDG .
In order to improve the adaptability of the load and improve the power output quality of VSCFDG , based on the theory of instantaneous symmetrical component , the double closed - loop control strategy based on positive and negative sequence synchronous rotation coordinates is adopted to improve the quality of the output voltage waveform , and the double closed - loop control strategy under the improved positive and negative sequence synchronous rotation coordinate is constructed by introducing the harmonic resonance suppression link , so that the disturbance of the asymmetric load and the nonlinear load on the output voltage is further suppressed , and the sine degree of the output voltage is improved .
In order to improve the reliability of the system operation and the convenience and speediness of the system maintenance , the whole control system is decomposed into a plurality of unit control subsystems according to the modularization design idea , and a hierarchical distributed control system architecture is proposed .
Finally , the function and performance verification of the local operation control and the operation control of the whole machine are carried out on the built VSCFDG sample . The results of the local operation control show that the unit control subsystem and control strategy of the designed VSCFDG can meet the requirements of the unit operation control . The control test results show that the proposed control system is reasonable and effective , and the function and performance of the whole VSCFDG system completely meet the technical indexes of the application .
Due to the similarity or local similarity of operation control with other power generation equipment ( such as gas turbine generator set , photovoltaic generator set , etc . ) , although the research work of this paper is mainly conducted for MMDGS , the proposed scheme and control strategy have guidance and reference significance for other types of small and medium - sized power generation equipment .
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號(hào)】:TM314
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