本文選題：電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定 + 低頻振蕩�。� 參考：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會的進(jìn)步和時(shí)代的發(fā)展,電力行業(yè)正向著智能化階段高速發(fā)展,系統(tǒng)規(guī)模日益擴(kuò)大,各種新技術(shù)層出不窮。在此背景下,很多傳統(tǒng)的控制技術(shù)已經(jīng)不能滿足新形勢下的系統(tǒng)要求,因此,對傳統(tǒng)控制理論進(jìn)行完善,尋找適用于大系統(tǒng)并且可靠、穩(wěn)定的新控制方法,促進(jìn)新興技術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)電網(wǎng)融合,已經(jīng)成為了電力工作者研究的幾個(gè)重點(diǎn)問題。 基于此背景,本文將以電力系統(tǒng)中的低頻振蕩和低頻減載問題作為切入點(diǎn),從三個(gè)主要方面進(jìn)行研究： 第一,本文提出了一種基于同倫算法的電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定器(PSS)參數(shù)整定方法。該方法根據(jù)控制目標(biāo)不同,可以分為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)極點(diǎn)配置法和最小方差極點(diǎn)配置法兩種形式,其中標(biāo)準(zhǔn)極點(diǎn)配置法算法效率較高,但是適用性較窄；最小方差極點(diǎn)配置法可以完成絕大多數(shù)的極點(diǎn)配置工作,但是由于涉及特征值的二階導(dǎo)數(shù),運(yùn)算過程稍微復(fù)雜。本文還介紹了幾種可以提高算法表現(xiàn)的應(yīng)用技巧,如特征值追蹤、控制變量重新標(biāo)度、在廣域PSS中的應(yīng)用等。最后結(jié)合十個(gè)典型系統(tǒng)(其中,包含一個(gè)3296節(jié)點(diǎn)的華東實(shí)際系統(tǒng)算例),對所提出的設(shè)計(jì)思路和應(yīng)用技巧進(jìn)行了一一說明,驗(yàn)證了該方法的有效性。 第二,本文提出了一種基于特征根實(shí)部表達(dá)式的PSS廣義相位補(bǔ)償原理。結(jié)合電力系統(tǒng)模型特性和此表達(dá)式,可以從新的角度解釋單機(jī)無窮大系統(tǒng)中的負(fù)阻尼現(xiàn)象和PSS抑制振蕩的機(jī)理。另外該式可推廣至多機(jī)系統(tǒng),提出了適用于多機(jī)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定判據(jù),此判據(jù)同時(shí)可用于PSS選址和穩(wěn)定器相位補(bǔ)償參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)。然后,穩(wěn)定器增益整定問題被轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)只包含少數(shù)變量和約束條件的多項(xiàng)式優(yōu)化問題,并介紹了基于行列式和基于特征值表達(dá)式的兩種求解方法。最后,將此方法推廣至廣域PSS設(shè)計(jì),對廣域PSS選址和信號選擇進(jìn)行了分析。通過五個(gè)不同規(guī)模算例系統(tǒng)的分析,證明了此方法的正確性和可行性。 第三,本文提出了一種基于電力系統(tǒng)廣域測量系統(tǒng)(WAMS)的低頻減載方案設(shè)計(jì)方法。該方法以頻率響應(yīng)(SFR)模型為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合WAMS提供的系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)信息,可對事故后的系統(tǒng)動態(tài)預(yù)測,從而在考慮系統(tǒng)頻率動態(tài)的基本約束后,得出低頻減載的優(yōu)化方案。同時(shí),本方法還考慮了發(fā)電機(jī)的輸出飽和問題,在兼顧算法精度和算法效率的原則下,引入了一種“變步長隱式枚舉法”作為優(yōu)化算法。在與華東主網(wǎng)聯(lián)系較弱的舟山電力系統(tǒng)的仿真結(jié)果表明,此方法在嚴(yán)重故障下具有更高的魯棒性,并可優(yōu)化一般故障下的減載量。
[Abstract]:With the progress of the society and the development of the times, the electric power industry is developing at a high speed, the scale of the system is expanding day by day, and a variety of new technologies emerge endlessly. In this context, many traditional control techniques can not meet the system requirements under the new situation. Therefore, the traditional control theory is improved to find a new control method suitable for large systems and reliable and stable. To promote the integration of emerging technologies and traditional power grids has become a few key issues for power workers. Based on this background, this paper will take the low-frequency oscillation and low-frequency load reduction in power system as the breakthrough point, and study from three main aspects: First, a homotopy algorithm is proposed for parameter tuning of power system stabilizer (PSS). This method can be divided into two forms: standard pole collocation method and minimum variance pole assignment method according to different control objectives. The standard pole assignment algorithm is more efficient, but its applicability is narrow. The minimum variance pole assignment method can accomplish most of the pole assignment work, but because of the second derivative of the eigenvalue, the operation process is a little complicated. This paper also introduces several techniques to improve the performance of the algorithm, such as eigenvalue tracking, control variable rescaling, wide area PSS applications, etc. Finally, with ten typical systems (including a 3296 node practical system in East China), the proposed design ideas and application techniques are illustrated one by one, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. Secondly, this paper presents a PSS generalized phase compensation principle based on the real expression of the feature root. Combined with the characteristics of the power system model and this expression, the negative damping phenomenon in a single machine infinite bus system and the mechanism of PSS suppressing oscillation can be explained from a new point of view. In addition, the formula can be extended to the maximum machine system, and a stability criterion suitable for multi-machine systems is proposed, which can be used in the design of PSS site selection and phase compensation parameters of stabilizer at the same time. Then, the stabilizer gain tuning problem is transformed into a polynomial optimization problem with only a few variables and constraints, and two solutions based on determinant and eigenvalue expression are introduced. Finally, this method is extended to wide area PSS design, and the location and signal selection of wide area PSS are analyzed. The correctness and feasibility of this method are proved by the analysis of five different scale examples. Thirdly, this paper presents a design method of low frequency load reduction scheme based on wide area measurement system (WAMS) of power system. Based on the frequency response model and the system state information provided by WAMS, this method can predict the system dynamics after the accident, and then, after considering the basic constraints of the frequency dynamics of the system, the optimization scheme of the low frequency load reduction can be obtained. At the same time, the problem of generator output saturation is considered, and a variable step implicit enumeration method is introduced as the optimization algorithm under the principle of taking into account the accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm. The simulation results of Zhoushan power system with weak connection with the East China main network show that the proposed method is more robust and can optimize the load reduction under general faults.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM712

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