本文選題：石墨烯 + 吡咯　； 參考：《鄭州大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：石墨烯,由單層石墨構(gòu)成,由于其優(yōu)異的物理和化學(xué)性能,引起了人們的廣泛關(guān)注。將二維的石墨烯組裝構(gòu)成三維石墨烯的宏觀結(jié)構(gòu),便于石墨烯應(yīng)用于環(huán)境能源與生物傳感等相關(guān)領(lǐng)域。三維石墨烯不僅擁有石墨烯本身的特性,而且具有三維網(wǎng)絡(luò)多孔結(jié)構(gòu),使得三維石墨烯擁有更高的比表面積,機械性能更強,更優(yōu)異的電子傳輸�；谌S石墨烯功能化的復(fù)合材料制備與應(yīng)用仍然是當(dāng)前研究石墨烯的一個重點。然而單組分的材料有著本身固有的缺陷,納米復(fù)合材料不僅具有單組分的性能,而且具有各組分之間的協(xié)同效應(yīng),賦予納米復(fù)合材料許多獨特的性能。超臨界二氧化碳由于低粘度,高擴散性,零表面張力的特性,常被應(yīng)用于納米復(fù)合材料的制備。考慮到軟物質(zhì)理論和超臨界二氧化碳的可調(diào)性,通過超臨界二氧化碳的協(xié)助,制備可控的結(jié)構(gòu)以及協(xié)助納米粒子可控自組裝是一個重要的研究領(lǐng)域。主要進行了以下幾方面的研究:(1)我們成功制備了石墨烯/吡咯凝膠和碳管/聚苯胺基本單元,而后通過簡單的方法制備得到三維多孔的復(fù)合材料石墨烯/吡咯/碳管/聚苯胺。當(dāng)碳管/聚苯胺引入到石墨烯凝膠中時,不僅可以阻止鄰近石墨烯片層的聚集,而且可以有效提高聚苯胺利用率,縮短離子的擴散路徑,從而提高電性能,系統(tǒng)研究了苯胺單體濃度與復(fù)合材料電性能之間的關(guān)系。(2)以石墨烯/吡咯凝膠和碳管/聚苯胺為基本單元,通過超臨界二氧化碳的協(xié)助,制備得到一系列不同的復(fù)合材料,通過FTIR,XRD,Raman光譜研究其結(jié)構(gòu)的變化,并通過電化學(xué)工作站測試其電性能,探究超臨界二氧化碳對復(fù)合材料結(jié)構(gòu)和性能的影響,得到了性能最優(yōu)的復(fù)合材料。(3)通過超臨界二氧化碳的協(xié)助一步法成功制備了三維多孔的石墨烯/吡咯/碳納米管/聚苯胺復(fù)合材料。電化學(xué)測試結(jié)果表明得到的復(fù)合材料的比電容可達400 F g-1是未經(jīng)SC CO2處理得到的復(fù)合材料比電容的1.4倍,說明超臨界二氧化碳是一個構(gòu)筑多組分復(fù)合材料的有效方法,在制備新型功能化的電極材料用于質(zhì)輕和柔性的能源儲能裝置方面,具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Graphene, composed of single layer graphite, has attracted wide attention because of its excellent physical and chemical properties. The assembly of two-dimensional graphene is made up of the macro structure of the three-dimensional graphene, which facilitates the application of graphene to the related fields of environmental energy and biosensing. Three-dimensional network porous structure makes three dimensional graphene have higher surface area, stronger mechanical properties and better electronic transmission. The preparation and application of composite materials based on three-dimensional graphene functionalization is still a key point in the study of graphene. However, the single component material has its own inherent defects and nanocomposites are not. It has a single component and a synergistic effect between each component, which gives nano composite a lot of unique properties. The supercritical carbon dioxide is often used in the preparation of nanocomposites because of its low viscosity, high diffusivity and zero surface tension. Under the assistance of supercritical carbon dioxide, it is an important research field to prepare the controllable structure and assist the controlled self-assembly of nanoparticles. The main research areas are as follows: (1) we have successfully prepared the graphene / pyrrole gel and the carbon tube / polyaniline basic unit, and then prepared the three-dimensional porous by a simple method. Composite graphene / pyrrole / carbon tube / polyaniline. When carbon tube / polyaniline is introduced into the graphene gel, it can not only prevent the aggregation of the adjacent graphene layer, but also effectively improve the utilization of polyaniline, shorten the diffusion path of the ion, and improve the electrical properties. The electrical properties of the aniline monomer concentration and the composite material are systematically studied. (2) a series of different composite materials were prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide with graphene / pyrrole gel and carbon tube / polyaniline as the basic unit. The structural changes were studied by FTIR, XRD and Raman spectra. The electrical properties of the composites were tested by the electrochemical workstation to explore the composite junction of supercritical carbon dioxide. The composite materials with the best performance were obtained. (3) a three-dimensional porous graphene / pyrrole / carbon nanotube / polyaniline composite was successfully prepared by the assisted one-step method of supercritical carbon dioxide. The electrochemical test results show that the specific capacitance of the composite material can reach 400 F g-1 without SC CO2 treatment. The composite material is 1.4 times more than the capacitance, indicating that supercritical carbon dioxide is an effective method to construct a multi component composite. It has important guiding significance in the preparation of new functionalized electrode materials for light and flexible energy storage devices.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB332;TM53

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本文編號：1897353