本文選題：微電網(wǎng) + 電能質(zhì)量��； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文分析了微電網(wǎng)中的分布式電源及運(yùn)行方式給微電網(wǎng)帶來(lái)的電能質(zhì)量問(wèn)題,并對(duì)當(dāng)前主要的改善措施做了深入研究。微電網(wǎng)中電能的變換和傳輸都離不開(kāi)電力電子變換器,其中以三相變換器因技術(shù)成熟、轉(zhuǎn)換效率高、輸出效果好等優(yōu)點(diǎn)而被廣泛使用。因此,三相變換器控制系統(tǒng)以及結(jié)構(gòu)性能的好壞直接影響了微電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量的優(yōu)劣。另外,一些電能質(zhì)量改善裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)也多基于三相變換器,顯現(xiàn)了三相變換器在微電網(wǎng)中的重要性。 其次,以三相變換器中最常用的整流器為出發(fā)點(diǎn),針對(duì)其還未曾提及過(guò)的慢時(shí)標(biāo)不穩(wěn)定(Slow-scale Instability)現(xiàn)象做了深入研究。采用現(xiàn)有小信號(hào)模型分析這種不穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)象時(shí),發(fā)現(xiàn)了小信號(hào)模型在較低頻域也存在不精確性,而且目前還未確定三相變換器小信號(hào)模型的精確適用范圍。對(duì)此本文提出了一種能精確預(yù)測(cè)三相變換器穩(wěn)定邊界的新時(shí)域模型,求取了其閉環(huán)控制系統(tǒng)的Jacobian矩陣,利用李雅普諾夫穩(wěn)定性判定法則對(duì)三相變換器的慢時(shí)標(biāo)不穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)象作了詳細(xì)解釋。并通過(guò)將新時(shí)域模型與小信號(hào)模型和仿真模型進(jìn)行大量的數(shù)據(jù)比較,指出了小信號(hào)模型存在局限性的原因、適用范圍以及慣性延遲環(huán)節(jié)所起的作用。在此基礎(chǔ)上還將單相變換器和三相變換器的慢時(shí)標(biāo)不穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行對(duì)比,解釋了兩者不穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)象存在差別的根本原因。此外,還分析了電路及控制參數(shù)對(duì)變換器性能及穩(wěn)定性的影響,創(chuàng)新性的將已用于單相變換器的雙極點(diǎn)-雙零點(diǎn)控制方法應(yīng)用到三相整流器中,仿真結(jié)果證實(shí)了此控制方法良好的穩(wěn)態(tài)和暫態(tài)效果。 再次,對(duì)微電網(wǎng)電能質(zhì)量問(wèn)題中的諧波污染和三相不平衡作了特別關(guān)注,分析了問(wèn)題的根源及當(dāng)前的主要控制策略,提出采用電容中點(diǎn)型三相四線制有源濾波器來(lái)改善這兩種狀況。在諧波問(wèn)題上對(duì)比目前的諧波檢測(cè)和無(wú)諧波檢測(cè)控制方法,選取了更有優(yōu)勢(shì)的無(wú)諧波檢測(cè)控制策略；針對(duì)三相不平衡問(wèn)題提出了一種簡(jiǎn)單但行之有效的控制方法,在控制中增加了對(duì)零序電流的反饋,顯著的改善了三相不平衡現(xiàn)象,抑制了中性線電流。 最后,在Matlab/Simulink環(huán)境下搭建了三相四線制有源濾波器的仿真模型,先后對(duì)諧波補(bǔ)償和改善三相不平衡作了仿真測(cè)試,并驗(yàn)證了其顯著的綜合改善效果,證實(shí)了所提控制策略的可行性。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the power quality problems caused by distributed generation and operation mode in microgrid are analyzed, and the main improvement measures are deeply studied. The transformation and transmission of electric energy in microgrid can not be separated from power electronic converter, among which three-phase converter is widely used because of its mature technology, high conversion efficiency and good output effect. Therefore, the control system and structure performance of three-phase converter directly affect the power quality of microgrid. In addition, the structure of some power quality improvement devices is based on three-phase converter, which shows the importance of three-phase converter in micro-grid. Secondly, based on the most commonly used rectifiers in three-phase converters, the phenomenon of slow time-scale instability (Slow-scale stability), which has not been mentioned before, is studied in depth. When using the existing small signal model to analyze the instability, it is found that the small signal model also has inaccuracy in the lower frequency domain, and the exact application range of the small signal model of the three-phase converter has not been determined at present. In this paper, a new time domain model which can accurately predict the stability boundary of three-phase converter is proposed, and the Jacobian matrix of its closed-loop control system is obtained. The slow time scale instability of three-phase converter is explained in detail by using Lyapunov stability rule. By comparing the new time domain model with the small signal model and the simulation model, the paper points out the reasons for the limitation of the small signal model, the scope of application and the role of inertia delay. On the basis of this, the slow time scale instability of single-phase converter and three-phase converter is compared, and the root cause of the difference between them is explained. In addition, the influence of circuit and control parameters on the performance and stability of the converter is also analyzed. The bipolar dual-zero control method, which has been applied to single-phase converter, is innovatively applied to the three-phase rectifier. The simulation results show that the proposed control method has good steady and transient effects. Thirdly, we pay special attention to the harmonic pollution and three-phase imbalance in the power quality problem of microgrid, and analyze the root of the problem and the main control strategies. A three-phase four-wire active filter with capacitor midpoint type is proposed to improve these two conditions. Compared with the current harmonic detection and non-harmonic detection control methods, a more advantageous harmonic detection control strategy is selected, and a simple but effective control method is proposed to solve the three-phase imbalance problem. In the control, the feedback of zero sequence current is increased, the three-phase imbalance phenomenon is obviously improved, and the neutral line current is restrained. Finally, the simulation model of three-phase four-wire active power filter is built in Matlab/Simulink environment. The harmonic compensation and the improvement of three-phase imbalance are tested successively, and the remarkable comprehensive improvement effect is verified. The feasibility of the proposed control strategy is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM711

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