本文選題：多端直流輸電系統(tǒng)VSC-MTDC + 海上風(fēng)電　； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：海上風(fēng)力發(fā)電技術(shù)作為我國大力發(fā)展風(fēng)力發(fā)電的新方向，使用多端柔性直流輸電技術(shù)(Voltage-Sourced Converter Multi-Terminal HVDC，VSC-MTDC)來進(jìn)行海上風(fēng)電場并網(wǎng)，風(fēng)電功率集中向岸上大電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)遠(yuǎn)距離輸送。柔性直流輸電系統(tǒng)(Voltage-Sourced Converter High Voltage Direct Current，VSC-HVDC)被認(rèn)為是解決這一瓶頸問題的最佳方案。本文重點研究了用于兩個海上風(fēng)電場與兩個交流電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)互聯(lián)的VSC-MTDC并網(wǎng)控制策略以及針對交流電網(wǎng)故障或直流輸電線路故障時多端直流系統(tǒng)故障穿越技術(shù)的研究。 1.首先針對多端直流輸電網(wǎng)絡(luò)的模型進(jìn)行分析，建立了VSC-HVDC的數(shù)學(xué)模型，討論了直流電壓控制、有功/無功功率控制、交流電壓控制、頻率控制等，實現(xiàn)控制環(huán)節(jié)中的有功/無功功率的解耦控制。然后對適用于海上直流輸電系統(tǒng)的風(fēng)電場側(cè)換流站(Wind Farm Voltage-Sourced Converter，WFVSC)和網(wǎng)側(cè)換流站(Grid SideVoltage-Sourced Converter，GSVSC)的控制器進(jìn)行了設(shè)計，實現(xiàn)了風(fēng)場側(cè)的交流母線電壓和頻率的恒定以及海上風(fēng)電功率的自動匯集。最后針對雙饋風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組組成的海上風(fēng)電場控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了分析，同時確定了大容量海上風(fēng)電場的模型。 2.提出了一種用于兩個海上風(fēng)電場與兩個交流電網(wǎng)互聯(lián)的VSC-MTDC系統(tǒng)的并網(wǎng)控制策略。GSVSC采用了一種上下級式直流電壓控制。該并網(wǎng)控制策略不僅可以在系統(tǒng)正常工作期間滿足不同的市場調(diào)度機(jī)制的要求；還可以在一個嚴(yán)重的干擾之后（如岸上交流電網(wǎng)電壓暫降或者換流站從系統(tǒng)中退出運(yùn)行，尤其是處于直流電壓控制的換流站退出運(yùn)行時），系統(tǒng)仍能夠在一定的時間內(nèi)維持相對穩(wěn)定；同時避免了通信延遲或失敗時導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)的非正常運(yùn)行或者系統(tǒng)故障脫網(wǎng)。針對于海上直流輸電系統(tǒng)可能接入一個海島電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)，設(shè)計了一個輔助頻率控制器。對海島電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行風(fēng)電功率輸送，同時還提高了該海島電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的頻率快速穩(wěn)定。 3.針對于多端直流輸電系統(tǒng)的故障穿越技術(shù)�；陔妷涸葱蛽Q流器的電壓-電流特性和故障時減少風(fēng)電功率注入的思想，提出了一種多端直流輸電系統(tǒng)的協(xié)調(diào)控制策略。系統(tǒng)故障運(yùn)行時，以VSC-MTDC直流電壓所反映的功率不平衡信息，通過風(fēng)電場側(cè)的換流站轉(zhuǎn)化為頻率信息，協(xié)調(diào)風(fēng)場間各風(fēng)電機(jī)組出力。直流系統(tǒng)故障期間，風(fēng)場側(cè)換流站承擔(dān)系統(tǒng)直流電壓的穩(wěn)定。該協(xié)調(diào)控制策略避免多端直流輸電系統(tǒng)對各換流站之間高速通信的要求，實現(xiàn)各換流站間的自主協(xié)調(diào)控制。最后，搭建了Matlab/Simulink仿真模型，針對所提出控制策略的動態(tài)性能進(jìn)行了仿真驗證，結(jié)果表明所提控制策略能夠保持直流電壓在交直流故障等大擾動下相對穩(wěn)定，維持系統(tǒng)正常運(yùn)行。 4.通過VSC-MTDC實驗系統(tǒng)，編寫相應(yīng)的控制程序，對VSC-MTDC的運(yùn)行特性以及本文提出的并網(wǎng)控制策略進(jìn)行了實驗驗證。實驗結(jié)果顯示，本文所研究的換流站并網(wǎng)控制策略能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)VSC-MTDC的穩(wěn)態(tài)運(yùn)行。對VSC-MTDC接入弱交流電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)時能夠提供快速的有功支持，提高受端系統(tǒng)的頻率快速穩(wěn)定。模擬海上風(fēng)電場通過VSC-MTDC系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行并網(wǎng)，，可以實現(xiàn)多種功率調(diào)度機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:As a new direction for the development of wind power generation in our country, the offshore wind power generation technology uses Voltage-Sourced Converter Multi-Terminal HVDC (VSC-MTDC) to connect the offshore wind farm to the grid, and the wind power is concentrated in the long distance away from the large power grid system on the shore. The flexible direct current transmission system (Voltage-Sourced Conv) is used. Erter High Voltage Direct Current, VSC-HVDC) is considered to be the best solution to this bottleneck problem. This paper focuses on the study of the VSC-MTDC grid control strategy for the interconnection of two offshore wind farms and two AC power grid systems, as well as the multi terminal DC system fault crossing technique for AC network failure or DC transmission line fault. The study of surgery.
1. firstly, the model of multi terminal DC transmission network is analyzed, and the mathematical model of VSC-HVDC is established. The DC voltage control, active / reactive power control, AC voltage control and frequency control are discussed, and the decoupling control of active / reactive power in the control link is realized. Then, the wind farm side applicable to the HVDC power transmission system is applied to the wind farm side. The controller of the converter station (Wind Farm Voltage-Sourced Converter, WFVSC) and the net side converter station (Grid SideVoltage-Sourced Converter, GSVSC) has been designed to realize the constant voltage and frequency of the AC busbar on the wind field and the automatic collection of the wind power at sea. The control system is analyzed, and the model of large capacity offshore wind farm is determined.
2. a parallel control strategy for the VSC-MTDC system, which is used for the interconnection of two offshore wind farms with two AC power grids, is proposed..GSVSC uses an upper and lower DC voltage control. The grid control strategy can not only meet the requirements of different market scheduling mechanisms during the normal work of the system, but also can be used in a serious interference. The system is still able to maintain relative stability in a certain period of time, such as the voltage sags on the AC power grid or the converter station exit from the system, especially when the DC voltage controlled converter station is out of operation. At the same time, it avoids the abnormal operation of the system or the system fault removal when the communication delays or failures. A HVDC system may be connected to an island power grid system, and an auxiliary frequency controller is designed. The wind power transmission is carried out to the island power grid system, and the frequency and stability of the island power grid system is also improved.
3. for multi terminal DC transmission system fault crossing technology. Based on the voltage current characteristics of voltage source converter and the idea of reducing wind power injection when failure, a coordinated control strategy for multiterminal HVDC system is proposed. The power imbalance information reflected by VSC-MTDC direct current voltage is passed when the system fails to run. The converter station on the side of the wind farm is converted into frequency information to coordinate the output of each wind turbine in the wind field. During the fault of the DC system, the wind field side converter station assumes the stability of the DC voltage of the system. The coordinated control strategy avoids the demand for the high-speed communication between the various converter stations and realizes the autonomous coordination control between the converter stations. Finally, the Matlab/Simulink simulation model is built to simulate the dynamic performance of the proposed control strategy. The results show that the proposed control strategy can keep the DC voltage relatively stable under the large disturbances such as AC and DC fault, and maintain the normal operation of the system.
4. through the VSC-MTDC experimental system, the corresponding control program is written, and the operation characteristics of VSC-MTDC and the proposed grid control strategy are verified experimentally. The experimental results show that the control strategy of the converter station in this paper can realize the steady operation of the VSC-MTDC. It can provide the VSC-MTDC access to the weak AC power grid system. The rapid and active support can improve the frequency and stability of the end-to-end system. The simulation of offshore wind farms through the VSC-MTDC system can achieve a variety of power scheduling mechanisms.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM614

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