本文選題：鋰離子電池 + 復(fù)合氧化物　； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：由于工業(yè)化規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大,越來越多的國家出現(xiàn)環(huán)境污染、資源過度消耗等問題,能源危機(jī)已成為二十一世紀(jì)人們亟需解決的問題之一。隨著傳統(tǒng)不可再生資源儲量的不斷下降,以及地球生態(tài)環(huán)境持續(xù)惡化,僅僅依靠煤碳、石油、天然氣等作為供能手段已不能滿足人們?nèi)找嬖鲩L的能源需求。尋找一種新型儲能設(shè)備更顯得尤為重要。鋰離子電池作為一種新型環(huán)保儲能載體,具有高效能、易攜帶、低污染等特點(diǎn),因此成為人們重點(diǎn)研發(fā)的不二之選。目前,尋找新型環(huán)保、高壽命、大功率的電極材料來提升鋰離子電池的性能成為了鋰電池研究領(lǐng)域的重要目標(biāo)。一直以來研究人員們都在積極尋找高比容量、高安全性、綠色環(huán)保、使用壽命長的新型負(fù)極材料,而過渡金屬氧化物,由于其相當(dāng)高的理論比容量,吸引了眾多科研學(xué)者的目光。在此基礎(chǔ)上,通過改進(jìn)合成方法,構(gòu)筑不同納米結(jié)構(gòu)的材料則可以更好地提高其電化學(xué)性能；此外,通過制備復(fù)合過渡金屬氧化物,可以使得兩種不同組分的特點(diǎn)相結(jié)合從而有效提升材料的各項(xiàng)性能。但過渡金屬氧化物材料在充放電循環(huán)過程中存在巨大的體積形變且存在較高的首次不可逆容量,因此需要通過其他方法來對其進(jìn)行修飾改進(jìn)。本文從材料的制備和修飾兩個方面展開研究,成功制備出了核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的Fe3O4@C納米管、蛋黃-蛋殼分離結(jié)構(gòu)的Co2SnO4@C納米立方塊兩種負(fù)極材料,通過透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)、掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、能譜儀(EDS)X-射線衍射(XRD)、拉曼光譜分析等分析手段進(jìn)行研究,并對所制備材料進(jìn)行了電化學(xué)測試。本論文的主要內(nèi)容可歸納如下：1.采用水熱法成功制備出了Fe2O3納米管,再通過溶膠凝膠法在其表面包覆酚醛樹脂(RF),經(jīng)過氬氣保護(hù)下煅燒,得到碳包覆的Fe3O4@C復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)材料。經(jīng)電化學(xué)測試證明了碳包覆后的電極材料具有更優(yōu)秀的循環(huán)性能和倍率性能。2.通過常溫下共沉淀反應(yīng)得到CoSn(OH)6納米立方塊,隨后在堿性條件下以正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)為硅源通過Stober法對其包覆SiO2,再將酚醛樹脂(RF)以溶膠凝膠法進(jìn)行包覆,(?)氣保護(hù)下煅燒,最后將中間層Si02用堿溶洗掉后得到具有空隙的蛋黃-蛋殼結(jié)構(gòu)的Co2SnO4@C復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)材料。經(jīng)電化學(xué)測試表明了這種蛋黃-蛋殼結(jié)構(gòu)能夠有效地提升材料的循環(huán)性能和倍率性能。
[Abstract]:Due to the continuous expansion of industrialization, more and more countries appear environmental pollution, excessive consumption of resources and other issues, energy crisis has become one of the problems that people need to solve in the 21 century. With the unceasing decline of the traditional non-renewable resources and the continuous deterioration of the ecological environment of the earth, coal, oil, natural gas and other means of energy supply can no longer meet the increasing energy demand. It is more important to find a new type of energy storage equipment. As a new type of environmental energy storage carrier, lithium-ion battery has the characteristics of high efficiency, easy to carry, low pollution and so on. At present, it has become an important goal in the research field of lithium battery to find new type electrode materials with high life and high power to improve the performance of lithium ion battery. Researchers have been actively looking for new negative electrode materials with high specific capacity, high safety, green environment, long service life, and transition metal oxides, due to their high theoretical specific capacity. It has attracted the attention of many researchers. On the basis of this, the electrochemical properties of materials with different nanostructures can be improved better by improving the synthesis method, in addition, by preparing composite transition metal oxides, The properties of the materials can be effectively improved by combining the characteristics of the two different components. However, transition metal oxide materials have huge volume deformation and high first irreversible capacity during charge-discharge cycle, so they need to be modified by other methods. In this paper, the preparation and modification of Fe3O4@C nanotubes with core-shell structure and Co2SnO4@C nanoscale with yolk-shell separation structure were successfully prepared. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy (Raman) were used to study the materials. The main contents of this thesis can be summarized as follows: 1. Fe2O3 nanotubes were successfully prepared by hydrothermal method, and then coated with phenolic resin by sol-gel method. After calcined in argon atmosphere, carbon-coated Fe3O4@C composite structure materials were obtained. The electrochemical test shows that the carbon coated electrode material has better cycling performance and rate performance. 2. CoSn(OH)6 nanorods were prepared by coprecipitation reaction at room temperature. Then SiO2 was coated with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silicon source by Stober method, and phenolic resin was coated by sol-gel method. After calcined under gas protection, the intermediate layer Si02 was dissolved and washed with alkali to obtain the Co2SnO4@C composite structure with voids of yolk and eggshell structure. The electrochemical tests show that the yolk-eggshell structure can effectively improve the cycling performance and the rate performance of the material.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM912

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