本文選題：光伏系統(tǒng) + 蓄電池��； 參考：《華南理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步使得我們對(duì)能源的需求急劇增長(zhǎng)，有限的化石燃料日益枯竭，能源使用對(duì)環(huán)境的污染日益嚴(yán)重，光伏發(fā)電成為一種最具發(fā)展前景的技術(shù)。在光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中蓄電池是發(fā)電與用電的一個(gè)接口，具有不可替代的作用，而蓄電池失效和壽命都成為阻礙系統(tǒng)推廣的原因之一。因此，除了改善蓄電池自身性能之外，針對(duì)光伏自身特點(diǎn)改進(jìn)充電方法使蓄電池充電高效、迅速、無(wú)損，和對(duì)蓄電池實(shí)施狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)，對(duì)于光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的推廣和智能管理有著十分重要的意義。 論文首先研究了光伏電池的特性，，以及蓄電池充電理論，在總結(jié)先前研究的基礎(chǔ)之上，提出了光伏脈沖電荷轉(zhuǎn)儲(chǔ)充電的概念。此種方法根據(jù)其儲(chǔ)電電容荷電狀態(tài)實(shí)現(xiàn)蓄電池充電過程的充�？刂疲苡行Ы档托铍姵爻潆娺^程產(chǎn)生的極化和擴(kuò)散積累的熱量，并在弱光照情況下對(duì)蓄電池實(shí)現(xiàn)有效充電。在狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)方面，設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于積分電路的數(shù)字式電量監(jiān)測(cè)方法。該方法采用包含霍爾電流傳感器檢測(cè)、積分、脈沖發(fā)生、積分電容放電等純硬件電路實(shí)現(xiàn)輸出的每個(gè)脈沖對(duì)應(yīng)一定的電量，然后使用PIC單片機(jī)對(duì)脈沖進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)充放電電量的監(jiān)測(cè)。 論文中采用PIC18F2550作為充電主控制器搭建光伏充電控制器樣機(jī)，并設(shè)計(jì)了一種采用下位機(jī)—上位機(jī)模式的蓄電池狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)。下位機(jī)以PIC18F4550為核心，采集光伏電壓、蓄電池工作狀態(tài)、平均電壓、平均電流、及電量等信息并進(jìn)行上傳。上位機(jī)采用LabVIEW進(jìn)行界面設(shè)計(jì)，完成與下位機(jī)通信、數(shù)據(jù)提取、分析、存儲(chǔ)、查詢等功能。最終將光伏充電控制器、狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)、蓄電池、負(fù)載組成一套光伏實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng)，可以為改進(jìn)光伏充電控制器控制策略、蓄電池智能管理的相關(guān)技術(shù)參數(shù)提供必要的依據(jù)。 本文研究受國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目：基于高頻交流技術(shù)的分布式可再生能源技術(shù)研究(51177050)資助。
[Abstract]:With the development and progress of human society, the demand for energy increases rapidly, the limited fossil fuels are exhausted day by day, and the pollution of the environment is becoming more and more serious. Photovoltaic power generation has become the most promising technology. Battery is an interface between power generation and electricity in photovoltaic power generation system, which can not be replaced. The failure and lifetime of battery become one of the reasons that hinder the popularization of the system. Therefore, in addition to improving the performance of the battery itself, improving the charging method according to the characteristics of the photovoltaic battery can make the battery charge efficient, rapid, non-destructive, and monitor the battery status. It is of great significance for the promotion and intelligent management of photovoltaic power generation system. Firstly, the characteristics of photovoltaic cells and the theory of battery charging are studied. Based on the previous research, the concept of photovoltaic pulse charge storage charging is proposed. This method realizes charging and stopping control of battery charging process according to the charge state of storage capacitor. It can effectively reduce the heat accumulation of polarization and diffusion generated by battery charging process, and can effectively charge the battery under low light irradiation. In the aspect of state monitoring, a digital electric quantity monitoring method based on integral circuit is designed. This method uses pure hardware circuits, such as Hall current sensor detection, integral, pulse generation, integral capacitance discharge, to realize the output of each pulse corresponding to a certain amount of electricity. Then the PIC single-chip microcomputer is used to carry on the statistics to realize the charge and discharge electricity quantity monitoring. In this paper, the prototype of photovoltaic charging controller is built by using PIC18F2550 as the main controller, and a battery condition monitoring system using the mode of lower computer and upper computer is designed. With PIC18F4550 as the core, the lower computer collects and uploads the information of photovoltaic voltage, battery working state, average voltage, average current and quantity of electricity. The upper computer uses LabVIEW to design the interface, and completes the functions of communication, data extraction, analysis, storage, query and so on. Finally, a photovoltaic experimental system composed of photovoltaic charging controller, state monitoring system, battery and load can provide the necessary basis for improving the control strategy of photovoltaic charging controller and the related technical parameters of battery intelligent management. The research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China: research on distributed Renewable Energy Technology based on High Frequency AC Technology (51177050).
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM615;TM912

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