本文選題：水泵水輪機 + 全特性空間曲面　； 參考：《華中科技大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：抽水蓄能電站具有調峰填谷、調頻調相、旋轉備用等快速響應的作用,為了解決電網的調峰問題,抽水蓄能電站勢必會得到大力開發(fā)。但有兩個重要因素制約我國抽水蓄能電站大力發(fā)展,其一是水泵水輪機全特性描述。水泵水輪機全特性描述是水利設計、過渡過程分析及控制規(guī)律研究的基礎,傳統(tǒng)的水泵水輪機全特性描述存在開度線聚集、交叉和扭轉等現象,導致擬合困難及過渡過程計算存在多值問題。其二是抽水蓄能電站的高效穩(wěn)定運行。水泵水輪機存在反“S”和駝峰兩個運行不穩(wěn)定區(qū)域,具有強非線性,傳統(tǒng)的以線性理論為基礎的控制規(guī)律不足以適配控制對象水泵水輪機的強非線性,不能從根本上以保障其高效穩(wěn)定運行。針對以往全特性描述平面表示方法存在的問題,研究了基于空間曲面這一新的視角下的水泵水輪機全特性描述方法。這種全新的描述方法不存在開度線聚集、交叉和扭轉等現象,在模型試驗數據的基礎上應用B樣條理論構建全特性空間曲面,其開度線插值不存在多值性,并繪制了全特性空間曲面特征線,這是水泵水輪機全特性變化規(guī)律及控制規(guī)律研究的基礎。針對線性控制理論不足以滿足可逆式機組安全穩(wěn)定運行需求,在空間曲面視角描述水泵水輪機全特性基礎上,研究了可逆式機組非線性控制策略。首先,建立可逆式機組過渡過程仿真計算平臺,為可逆式機組非線性控制規(guī)律研究奠定基礎。由B樣條全特性空間曲面得到水泵水輪機非線性數學模型,再分別建立有壓過水系統(tǒng)、發(fā)電電動機和執(zhí)行機構等環(huán)節(jié)數學模型,由此可得可逆式機組非線性數學模型,然后研究其過渡過程數值計算方法,通過仿真試驗驗證數值計算方法的可靠性。其次,針對建立的可逆式機組非線性數學模型,運用精確線性化理論得到可逆式機組的非線性控制規(guī)律,在可逆式機組仿真計算平臺上進行水輪機開機、水泵斷電和水泵背靠背啟動等大波動工況的仿真試驗,結果表明,非線性控制規(guī)律相比于線性控制有更好的調節(jié)性能。
[Abstract]:Pumped-storage power station has the function of quick response, such as peak filling, frequency modulation and phase adjustment, rotation reserve, etc. In order to solve the problem of peak shaving in power grid, pumped storage power station will be developed vigorously. However, there are two important factors restricting the development of pumped storage power stations in China, one is the description of the full characteristics of pump turbines. The full characteristic description of water pump turbine is the basis of water conservancy design, transient process analysis and control law research. The traditional full characteristic description of pump turbine has the phenomena of opening line aggregation, crossover and torsion, etc. It leads to the difficulty of fitting and the multi-value problem in the calculation of transition process. The second is the efficient and stable operation of pumped storage power station. There are two unstable regions of water pump turbine, namely "S" and hump, which have strong nonlinearity. The traditional control law based on linear theory is not enough to fit the strong nonlinearity of pump turbine. Can not fundamentally to ensure its efficient and stable operation. In order to solve the problems existing in the previous full characteristic description plane representation method, the full characteristic description method of water pump turbine based on the new angle of view of space surface is studied. This new method does not have the phenomena of opening line aggregation, crossover and torsion. Based on the model test data, B-spline theory is applied to construct the full characteristic space surface. The surface characteristic line of the full characteristic space is drawn, which is the basis of the research on the variation law and control law of the full characteristic of the pump turbine. In view of the fact that the linear control theory is not sufficient to meet the needs of the reversible unit in safe and stable operation, the nonlinear control strategy of the reversible unit is studied on the basis of describing the full characteristics of the pump turbine from the view of the space surface. Firstly, a simulation platform of reversible unit transition process is established, which lays a foundation for the study of nonlinear control law of reversible unit. The nonlinear mathematical model of water pump turbine is obtained from B-spline full characteristic space surface, and then the mathematical models of overpressure water system, generator motor and actuator are established respectively, and the nonlinear mathematical model of reversible unit can be obtained. Then, the numerical calculation method of the transition process is studied, and the reliability of the numerical method is verified by simulation experiment. Secondly, according to the nonlinear mathematical model of reversible unit, the nonlinear control law of reversible unit is obtained by using the exact linearization theory, and the turbine is turned on on the platform of simulation and calculation of reversible unit. The simulation results show that the nonlinear control law has better regulating performance than linear control.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TV734.1

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