本文選題：并聯(lián)型風(fēng)電變流器 + 可靠性��； 參考：《上海交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：隨著環(huán)境污染和能源短缺日益嚴(yán)重，風(fēng)能作為常見(jiàn)的可再生潔凈能源，在近年來(lái)得到了充分的開(kāi)發(fā)和廣泛的應(yīng)用，風(fēng)力發(fā)電技術(shù)也在世界范圍內(nèi)得到了巨大的發(fā)展。隨著陸上資源的開(kāi)發(fā)，可再開(kāi)發(fā)的風(fēng)能資源有限，與陸上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)相比，海上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)具有風(fēng)資源持續(xù)穩(wěn)定、風(fēng)速高、發(fā)電量大、不占用土地資源、環(huán)境噪音和視覺(jué)影響小等特點(diǎn)，因此，海上風(fēng)電已成為未來(lái)風(fēng)電發(fā)展的重要選擇。然而海上風(fēng)電機(jī)組容量大、工作環(huán)境惡劣、維修困難等特點(diǎn)，在可靠性方面對(duì)機(jī)組提出了更高的要求，變流器是風(fēng)電機(jī)組的關(guān)鍵部件，設(shè)計(jì)高可靠性的變流器至關(guān)重要。由于鼠籠式感應(yīng)電機(jī)的高可靠性、強(qiáng)魯棒性，同時(shí)全功率變流器解耦電機(jī)與電網(wǎng)，在一定程度上解耦機(jī)械傳動(dòng)部分和電網(wǎng)的交互，有利于提高機(jī)械部分的可靠性。本文將立足于鼠籠感應(yīng)發(fā)電機(jī)（Squirrel Cage InductionGenerator，SCIG）的全功率風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)組展開(kāi)研究�；谠摍C(jī)組類型，研究面向高可靠性的風(fēng)電變流器拓?fù)�、調(diào)制以及控制策略。本文的主要工作： 1)基于半導(dǎo)體器件物理失效機(jī)理的可靠性評(píng)估方法對(duì)風(fēng)力發(fā)電變流器的可靠性進(jìn)行評(píng)估。量化分析風(fēng)能的波動(dòng)性和間歇性對(duì)變流器的故障率以及壽命的影響，為提升風(fēng)電變流器設(shè)計(jì)的可靠性提供理論依據(jù)。 2)基于高可用度的設(shè)計(jì)，提出具有冗余功能的系統(tǒng)級(jí)并聯(lián)風(fēng)電變流器拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)，并對(duì)該拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行可靠性評(píng)估，并提出經(jīng)濟(jì)最優(yōu)化的N+X并聯(lián)型風(fēng)電變流器冗余設(shè)計(jì)方法。針對(duì)并聯(lián)型這種復(fù)雜大規(guī)模電力電子裝置有提出了高可靠的分布式控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方法。同時(shí)研究并聯(lián)型風(fēng)電變流器的運(yùn)行、控制與保護(hù)控制策略，實(shí)現(xiàn)變流器故障重構(gòu)后風(fēng)電機(jī)組限功率再運(yùn)行。 3)從降低功率器件平均結(jié)溫可以延長(zhǎng)變流器壽命的可靠性機(jī)理出發(fā)，提出基于DPWM的交錯(cuò)并聯(lián)調(diào)制方式，最大化地減小功率開(kāi)關(guān)損耗，，從而降低其平均結(jié)溫，提高變流器的可靠性。本文又分析了采用基于DPWM的交錯(cuò)并聯(lián)方式而引起的諧波偏大以及零序環(huán)流問(wèn)題，針對(duì)新出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題提出優(yōu)化調(diào)制與控制策略，從而在保證風(fēng)電變流器性能的情況下，大幅提高變流器的可靠運(yùn)行能力。 4)提出了并聯(lián)型變流器中子系統(tǒng)間無(wú)功環(huán)流和正交環(huán)流的熱控制技術(shù)，研究了風(fēng)電變流器兩種基于熱控制的狀態(tài)控制方法。首先從平滑功率器件結(jié)溫波動(dòng)可以延長(zhǎng)變流器壽命的可靠性機(jī)理出發(fā)，以平滑結(jié)溫波動(dòng)為目標(biāo)，提出了基于環(huán)流熱控制技術(shù)實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)溫波動(dòng)平滑控制。再次針對(duì)由于風(fēng)能的突降將造成柜內(nèi)凝露現(xiàn)象，通過(guò)減緩結(jié)溫下降速度為目標(biāo)的基于環(huán)流熱控制技術(shù)，可以防止凝露現(xiàn)象，從而降低變流器的故障率，亦提升了變流器的可靠性。 本文對(duì)上述提出的控制策略及調(diào)制方法進(jìn)行了理論分析，數(shù)學(xué)建模以及仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:With the increasing environmental pollution and energy shortage wind energy as a common renewable clean energy in recent years has been fully developed and widely used wind power generation technology has also been a huge development in the world. With the development of onshore resources, wind energy resources that can be redeveloped are limited. Compared with onshore wind farms, offshore wind farms have the characteristics of sustained stability of wind resources, high wind speed, large electricity generation, non-occupation of land resources, low environmental noise and visual impact, etc. Therefore, offshore wind power has become an important choice for future wind power development. However, the offshore wind turbine has the characteristics of large capacity, bad working environment, difficult maintenance and so on. The converter is the key component of wind turbine, so it is very important to design a high reliability converter. Because of the high reliability and strong robustness of the squirrel cage induction motor and the decoupling of the motor with the power grid, the interaction between the mechanical drive part and the power grid can be decoupled to a certain extent, which is helpful to improve the reliability of the mechanical part. In this paper, the full power wind turbine based on squirrel Cage induction generator (Squirrel Cage induction generator) is studied. Based on the unit type, the topology, modulation and control strategy for high reliability wind converter are studied. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the reliability evaluation method based on the physical failure mechanism of semiconductor devices is used to evaluate the reliability of wind power converter. The influence of wind energy fluctuation and intermittency on the failure rate and life of the converter is analyzed quantitatively, which provides a theoretical basis for improving the reliability of wind power converter design. 2) based on the design of high availability, a system level parallel wind converter topology with redundant functions is proposed, and the reliability of the topology is evaluated, and an economical and optimal redundancy design method for N X parallel wind power converter is proposed. A high reliable design method of distributed control system is proposed for parallel complex large scale power electronic devices. At the same time, the operation, control and protection control strategy of the parallel wind power converter are studied to realize the reoperation of the limited power of wind turbine after the fault reconstruction of the converter. 3) based on the reliability mechanism that reducing the average junction temperature of power devices can prolong the life of the converter, an interleaving parallel modulation method based on DPWM is proposed to maximize the power switching loss and thus reduce the average junction temperature. Improve the reliability of the converter. In this paper, the problems of harmonic and zero sequence circulation caused by interleaving and parallel connection based on DPWM are analyzed, and the optimal modulation and control strategies are put forward to ensure the performance of wind power converter. The reliable operation ability of the converter is greatly improved. 4) the thermal control technology of reactive circulation and orthogonal circulation between subsystems in parallel converter is proposed, and two state control methods based on thermal control are studied. Based on the reliability mechanism that smooth junction temperature fluctuation of power devices can prolong the life of converter, a smooth control of junction temperature fluctuation based on the circulation heat control technique is put forward, aiming at smoothing junction temperature fluctuation. Again, because the sudden drop of wind energy will cause condensation phenomenon in the tank, the condensation phenomenon can be prevented by slowing down the falling speed of the junction temperature based on the circulation heat control technology, thus reducing the failure rate of the converter. It also improves the reliability of the converter. In this paper, the control strategy and modulation method mentioned above are analyzed theoretically, the mathematical model and the simulation results are verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM46

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