本文選題：平頂脈沖強(qiáng)磁場 + 脈沖發(fā)電機(jī)　； 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：強(qiáng)磁場作為一種極端實(shí)驗(yàn)手段,其在科研、醫(yī)療和工業(yè)等領(lǐng)域都有著廣泛的應(yīng)用。許多重要的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)都是直接得益于極端強(qiáng)磁場條件。根據(jù)磁場持續(xù)的時(shí)間可將強(qiáng)磁場分為脈沖強(qiáng)磁場和穩(wěn)態(tài)強(qiáng)磁場等類型,這兩種類型的磁場在各領(lǐng)域都已經(jīng)有了重要的應(yīng)用,但二者也都有一定的應(yīng)用局限性。平頂脈沖強(qiáng)磁場則是介于脈沖強(qiáng)磁場和穩(wěn)態(tài)強(qiáng)磁場之間的一種強(qiáng)磁場裝置,由于它綜合了脈沖場的場強(qiáng)高和穩(wěn)態(tài)場的紋波小的特點(diǎn),而且造價(jià)成本比穩(wěn)態(tài)場要低很多,所以平頂脈沖強(qiáng)磁場得到了許多科學(xué)家的青睞。 由于平頂脈沖強(qiáng)磁場的場強(qiáng)高且脈寬長,磁體的功耗、溫升和應(yīng)力都很大,這對(duì)電源系統(tǒng)和磁體系統(tǒng)都是極大的挑戰(zhàn)。另外平頂脈沖強(qiáng)磁場的電源系統(tǒng)和磁體系統(tǒng)之間存在電和熱等耦合關(guān)系,在進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)必須將電源和磁體進(jìn)行迭代耦合計(jì)算,這增加了設(shè)計(jì)的復(fù)雜性。本文即以在綜合考慮電源和磁體特性的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行平頂脈沖強(qiáng)磁場的系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)為主要內(nèi)容。 在數(shù)學(xué)模型方面,文章基于華中科技大學(xué)國家脈沖強(qiáng)磁場中心現(xiàn)有的裝置條件,建立了脈沖發(fā)電機(jī)-整流器型電源、電容器型電源和蓄電池型電源的數(shù)學(xué)模型并分析了其工作特性,同時(shí)將磁體系統(tǒng)的電磁學(xué)、熱學(xué)和力學(xué)特性進(jìn)行了解耦分析和建模。 在建立的電源和磁體系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型的基礎(chǔ)上,詳細(xì)闡述了平頂脈沖強(qiáng)磁場系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)流程和優(yōu)化方法。以單目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)為例分析了遺傳算法在平頂脈沖強(qiáng)磁場系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)中的應(yīng)用,并用枚舉法驗(yàn)證了遺傳算法在進(jìn)行平頂脈沖強(qiáng)磁場系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)的可行性。 針對(duì)單目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)只單一追求磁場最高而使電源和磁體系統(tǒng)的其他參數(shù)都處于裝置運(yùn)行極限的情況,引入了差分進(jìn)化算法進(jìn)行平頂脈沖強(qiáng)磁場系統(tǒng)的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。將電源系統(tǒng)的電壓、電流和功率等關(guān)鍵參數(shù)與磁體的磁場和溫度等進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一綜合優(yōu)化。分析了加權(quán)法在低維多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)中的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)流程及其所得最優(yōu)解在Pareto前沿上的直觀分布情況。 在高維多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方面,引入了根據(jù)各優(yōu)化目標(biāo)的優(yōu)劣情況進(jìn)行分層打分的可視化優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)方法,并以發(fā)電機(jī)-十二脈波整流器電源給單線圈供電為例闡述了該優(yōu)化方法的詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)流程。 根據(jù)武漢國家脈沖強(qiáng)磁場科學(xué)中心現(xiàn)有幾種電源供電特性,本文將武漢國家脈沖強(qiáng)磁場科學(xué)中心現(xiàn)有的幾種電源進(jìn)行了各種有效組合,分析了各組合電源的可行性和工作特性,詳細(xì)討論了各組合電源分別給單線圈和雙線圈磁體供電時(shí)的工作情況,并以差分進(jìn)化算法對(duì)各種系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行可視化的多目標(biāo)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì),給出了每種組合能實(shí)現(xiàn)的最優(yōu)平頂脈沖強(qiáng)磁場的設(shè)計(jì)方案。最后將所得最優(yōu)設(shè)計(jì)方案進(jìn)行對(duì)比,選出磁場場強(qiáng)最高的方案進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的仿真驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:As an extreme experimental method, strong magnetic field has been widely used in scientific research, medical treatment and industry. Many important scientific discoveries benefit directly from extreme magnetic field conditions. According to the duration of the magnetic field, the strong magnetic field can be divided into pulse strong magnetic field and steady-state strong magnetic field. These two kinds of magnetic field have been used in various fields, but both have some limitations. The flat-top pulsed strong magnetic field is a kind of strong magnetic field device between the pulsed strong magnetic field and the steady strong magnetic field. Because it combines the characteristics of the high field intensity of the pulse field and the small ripple of the steady field, the cost is much lower than that of the steady field. So the flat-top pulsed strong magnetic field has been favored by many scientists. Due to the high field intensity and long pulse width of the flat-top pulse strong magnetic field, the power consumption, temperature rise and stress of the magnet are all very large, which is a great challenge to both the power supply system and the magnet system. In addition, there is an electric and thermal coupling relationship between the power supply system and the magnet system of the flat-top pulse strong magnetic field. The iterative coupling calculation between the power supply and the magnet must be carried out in the design process, which increases the complexity of the design. In this paper, the system optimization design of flat-top pulse strong magnetic field based on considering the characteristics of power supply and magnet is considered as the main content. In terms of mathematical model, based on the existing equipment conditions of the National Pulsed strong Magnetic Field Center of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, a pulse generator rectifier power supply is established. The mathematical models of capacitor power supply and battery power supply are analyzed, and the electromagnetic, thermal and mechanical characteristics of the magnet system are analyzed and modeled. Based on the mathematical model of power supply and magnet system, the design flow and optimization method of flat-top pulsed strong magnetic field system are described in detail. Taking single objective optimization design as an example, the application of genetic algorithm in the optimal design of flat-top pulsed strong magnetic field system is analyzed, and the feasibility of genetic algorithm in the optimal design of flat-top pulsed strong magnetic field system is verified by enumeration method. Because the single objective optimization only pursues the highest magnetic field and the other parameters of the power supply and magnet system are at the operating limit of the device, the differential evolution algorithm is introduced to design the flat-top pulsed strong magnetic field system with multi-objective optimization. The key parameters of the power system, such as voltage, current and power, are integrated and optimized with the magnetic field and temperature of the magnet. The optimal design process of weighted method in low dimensional multiobjective optimization design and the visual distribution of the resulting optimal solution on the Pareto front are analyzed. In the aspect of high-dimensional multi-objective optimization design, a visual optimization design method is introduced, which is based on the merits and demerits of each optimization objective. Taking the generator-12 pulse rectifier power supply to single coil as an example, the design flow of the optimization method is described in detail. According to the current power supply characteristics of Wuhan National Pulsed strong Magnetic Field Science Center, this paper has carried out a variety of effective combinations of the existing power sources of Wuhan National Pulsed strong Magnetic Field Science Center, and analyzed the feasibility and working characteristics of each combined power supply. The working conditions of each combined power supply to the single coil and double coil magnets are discussed in detail, and the multi-objective optimization design of the system is visualized by the differential evolution algorithm. The design scheme of the optimal flat-top pulse strong magnetic field for each combination is given. Finally, the optimal design scheme is compared and the scheme with the highest magnetic field intensity is selected for detailed simulation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM15

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