發(fā)布時間：2018-05-01 14:15

  本文選題：有源RFID + 太陽能�。� 參考：《電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：2.45GHz有源RFID系統(tǒng)具有通信距離遠(yuǎn)、天線尺寸小、頻段免注冊等優(yōu)點。隨著由電子科技大學(xué)牽頭組織的2.45GHz ISO/IEC18000-4標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定工作的逐步推進(jìn),2.45GHz RFID系統(tǒng)在國內(nèi)必將得到更廣泛的推廣。目前的有源RFID系統(tǒng)用于戶外跟蹤或監(jiān)測物體時,在節(jié)能、管理和實用性方面還有許多不足。本文基于此,設(shè)計了基于ARM_Linux和太陽能充電的有源RFID系統(tǒng),它采用環(huán)保的太陽能供電,具有防拆卸、防沖突功能,同時還有高效率管理的藍(lán)牙報警功能和遠(yuǎn)程網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪問功能。本文首先分析了RFID技術(shù)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r和從環(huán)境中獲取能量的一些方式;然后詳細(xì)地分析了實際應(yīng)用中RFID系統(tǒng)的需求,并基于此設(shè)計了系統(tǒng)的整體框架。在電子標(biāo)簽的設(shè)計中對系統(tǒng)的主控芯片和射頻芯片進(jìn)行了調(diào)研分析,最終選擇了MSP430F2121作為主控制器,nRF24L01芯片作為射頻模塊的核心,太陽能電池和鋰電池作為供能和儲能元件。由于采用了CN3063電池管理芯片使得讀寫器的太陽能供電系統(tǒng)能夠自動完成充放電管理,同時對太陽能供電系統(tǒng)的電壓進(jìn)行了測試,可用于電子標(biāo)簽供電,延長了電子標(biāo)簽的使用壽命。對電子標(biāo)簽的拆卸報警功能和防碰撞功能進(jìn)行了研究:通過一個開關(guān)來控制電子標(biāo)簽與所跟蹤物體的狀態(tài),為了使這個報警信息能夠快速告知管理人員,在讀寫器中擴(kuò)展了藍(lán)牙模塊,通過它把這個報警發(fā)送給管理人員的手機(jī)。對于防碰撞功能通過ALOHA算法和分配信道的方式來降低數(shù)據(jù)包沖突的概率。讀寫器采用S3C2440A作為CPU,DM9000作為以太網(wǎng)控制器,同時在讀寫器上移植Linux嵌入式操作系統(tǒng)、BOA服務(wù)器和SQLite3數(shù)據(jù)庫,并開發(fā)nRF24L01射頻模塊的驅(qū)動程序。在CGI程序設(shè)計中采用Posix消息隊列給讀寫器的射頻接收單元傳遞命令,利用多線程的方式對接收到的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理。讀寫器通過數(shù)據(jù)庫存儲電子標(biāo)簽的數(shù)據(jù),編寫HTML應(yīng)用程序之后,可以通過Web瀏覽器訪問電子標(biāo)簽所采集到的溫度信息。最后,對電子標(biāo)簽的天線和通信距離進(jìn)行了理論分析和實際測試,整個系統(tǒng)工作狀態(tài)良好,讀寫器與電子標(biāo)簽的最大穩(wěn)定通信距離可以達(dá)到120m,當(dāng)兩者之間有防礙物時,通信距離會減小。
[Abstract]:2.45GHz active RFID system has the advantages of long communication distance, small antenna size and free registration in frequency band. With the development of 2.45GHz ISO/IEC18000-4 standard, led by the University of Electronic Science and Technology, the 2.45GHz RFID system will be popularized more widely in China. The current active RFID system has many shortcomings in energy saving, management and practicability when it is used to track or monitor objects outdoors. Based on this, this paper designs an active RFID system based on ARM_Linux and solar charging. It uses environmental protection solar power supply, has anti-disassembly and anti-conflict functions, and also has the Bluetooth alarm function of high efficiency management and remote network access function. This paper first analyzes the development of RFID technology and some ways to obtain energy from the environment, then analyzes the requirements of RFID system in practical application in detail, and designs the overall framework of the system based on this. In the design of electronic tag, the main control chip and radio frequency chip of the system are investigated and analyzed. Finally, MSP430F2121 is chosen as the core of the main controller nRF24L01 as the core of the RF module, and solar cells and lithium batteries are used as the energy supply and energy storage components. Because of the use of CN3063 battery management chip, the solar power supply system of the reader can automatically complete the charge and discharge management. At the same time, the voltage of the solar power supply system is tested, which can be used to supply power with electronic label. Extended the service life of electronic label. In this paper, the disassembly alarm function and anti-collision function of electronic label are studied. A switch is used to control the status of the electronic tag and the object being tracked, so that the alarm information can be quickly informed to the manager. The Bluetooth module was extended in the reader to send the alarm to the manager's mobile phone. For anti-collision function, the probability of packet collision is reduced by ALOHA algorithm and channel allocation. The reader adopts S3C2440A as the Ethernet controller, at the same time, the Linux embedded operating system S3C2440A server and SQLite3 database are transplanted on the reader, and the driver of nRF24L01 RF module is developed. In the design of CGI program, the Posix message queue is used to transmit commands to the RF receiving unit of the reader, and the received data is processed by multithreading. The reader stores the electronic tag data through the database, and after writing the HTML application program, it can access the temperature information collected by the electronic tag through the Web browser. Finally, the antenna and communication distance of the tag are analyzed theoretically and tested in practice. The whole system works well, and the maximum stable communication distance between the reader and the tag can reach 120 m, when there is an obstacle between the two, The communication distance will be reduced.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TP391.44;TM615

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相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

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本文編號：1829721