發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-30 07:24

  本文選題：染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池 + 液相沉積��； 參考：《東華大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池(Dye-sensitized solar cells, DSSCs)以光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率高、制備工藝簡(jiǎn)單、價(jià)格低廉等優(yōu)點(diǎn)引起了各國(guó)研究者的高度關(guān)注。為了拓寬染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域,早日進(jìn)入工業(yè)化生產(chǎn),科學(xué)家們嘗試使用更簡(jiǎn)便、節(jié)能、高效的方法制備DSSCs,同時(shí)也有科學(xué)家們嘗試?yán)幂p便可彎折的柔性導(dǎo)電基板代替重量大、易破碎、昂貴的鍍有銦錫金屬氧化物導(dǎo)電層的玻璃來(lái)制備柔性DSSCs。目前制備染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池光陽(yáng)極的方法有刮涂法和絲網(wǎng)印刷法,他們將分散有TiO2和粘結(jié)劑的漿料通過(guò)刮涂或絲網(wǎng)印刷的方法涂覆在導(dǎo)電基底上,隨后通過(guò)高溫煅燒去除粘結(jié)劑,留下TiO2多孔薄膜,再通過(guò)TiCl4稀溶液等來(lái)修飾,使TiO2網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接更緊密。去除粘結(jié)劑的同時(shí)會(huì)使TiO2多孔薄膜產(chǎn)生大量裂紋,使TiO2顆粒間的連接性不好,內(nèi)阻增大；其次,電極必須經(jīng)過(guò)燒結(jié)以去除粘結(jié)劑并提高導(dǎo)電層與多孔層、多孔層內(nèi)部TiO2晶粒的連接性。 本論文提出了一種制備DSSCs光陽(yáng)極的制備方法,液相沉積法：將導(dǎo)電玻璃浸泡在含Ti溶液中,加熱促進(jìn)水解,直接在導(dǎo)電玻璃表面形成一定厚度的光陽(yáng)極。 (1)以液相沉積法,60℃下在FTO導(dǎo)電玻璃基底上直接制備了顆粒大小為300-400nm,比表面積為152m2g-1的TiO2多孔薄膜,經(jīng)高溫?zé)Y(jié),敏化后作為染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池的光陽(yáng)極,并進(jìn)行組裝測(cè)試,同時(shí)比較了不同基底預(yù)處理方式對(duì)電池性能的影響。結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)采用溶膠作為晶種層旋涂在FTO導(dǎo)電玻璃上時(shí),再沉積Ti02多孔薄膜,燒結(jié)、敏化后組裝成染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池,其光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率最高達(dá)4.39%。 (2)為了進(jìn)一步提高電池性能,我們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)一種梯度結(jié)構(gòu)的光陽(yáng)極,其中包括顆粒尺寸較大、薄膜孔徑較大、比表面積較小的薄膜I,和顆粒尺寸較小、薄膜孔徑較小、比表面積較大的薄膜Ⅱ。采用氧化鈦溶膠對(duì)導(dǎo)電玻璃表面處理后,將旋涂有晶種層的基底放置在沉積溶液中,先以80℃為沉積溫度,后以60℃為沉積溫度,制備出具有梯度結(jié)構(gòu)的光陽(yáng)極,燒結(jié)、敏化后封裝成染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池,最終光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率平均為6.35%,最高為6.51%。 (3)采用鈦箔為基底,將其表面氧化為三維網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)的Ti/TiO2薄膜,在通過(guò)80℃和60℃兩種溫度分別沉積氧化鈦,得到梯度結(jié)構(gòu)的光陽(yáng)極,燒結(jié)、敏化后封裝成染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池并測(cè)試其性能,并比較了不同基底預(yù)處理方式對(duì)電池性能的影響。結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)對(duì)鈦箔進(jìn)行預(yù)處理使其表面具有三維網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)后,再沉積梯度結(jié)構(gòu)TiO2薄膜,得到的柔性DSSCs光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率最高為3.09%。
[Abstract]:Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCss) have attracted much attention from researchers all over the world because of their high photoelectric conversion efficiency, simple preparation process and low cost. In order to broaden the application field of dye sensitized solar cells and to enter industrial production at an early date, scientists try to use them more easily and save energy. At the same time, some scientists try to use flexible flexible conductive substrate instead of large weight, easy to break, expensive glass coated with indium tin metal oxide conductive layer to prepare flexible DSSCs. At present, the methods of preparing dye sensitized solar cell photoanode are scraping method and screen printing method. They coated the paste with TiO2 and binder on the conductive substrate by scraping or screen printing. Then the binder is removed by high temperature calcination, TiO2 porous film is left, and then modified by TiCl4 dilute solution, so that the TiO2 network is connected more closely. Removal of binder at the same time will lead to a large number of cracks in TiO2 porous film, resulting in poor connectivity between TiO2 particles and increased internal resistance. Secondly, the electrode must be sintered to remove binder and improve the conductive layer and porous layer. Connectivity of TiO2 grains in porous layer. In this paper, a preparation method of DSSCs photoanode was proposed. The method of liquid phase deposition was as follows: the conductive glass was immersed in Ti solution, heated to promote hydrolysis, and a certain thickness of photoanode was formed directly on the surface of conductive glass. 1) the porous TiO2 thin films with particle size of 300-400nm and specific surface area of 152m2g-1 were directly prepared on FTO conductive glass substrate by liquid phase deposition at 60 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1823626