本文選題：并網(wǎng)變換器 + 可再生能源��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了解決全球范圍內(nèi)的能源短缺和環(huán)境污染應(yīng)運(yùn)而生的可再生能源發(fā)電系統(tǒng)發(fā)展勢(shì)頭迅猛。并網(wǎng)變換器負(fù)責(zé)可再生能源與電網(wǎng)之間的能量交換，在整個(gè)可再生能源發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中居于核心地位。鑒于電力電子器件的廣泛應(yīng)用，電網(wǎng)污染問(wèn)題越來(lái)越嚴(yán)重。因此，有必要在非理想電網(wǎng)狀態(tài)下，對(duì)并網(wǎng)變換器的控制策略進(jìn)行深入地研究。本文針對(duì)并網(wǎng)變換器進(jìn)行研究關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題有：電網(wǎng)正序電壓同步，并網(wǎng)電流諧波抑制，系統(tǒng)有功功率和直流電壓波動(dòng)。 電網(wǎng)正序電壓矢量角是可再生能源發(fā)電系統(tǒng)能夠正常接入電網(wǎng)所需具備的最基本也是最重要的信息，鎖相環(huán)是得到此信息的有效方式。本文首先分析了鎖相環(huán)的基本原理，然后分析了鎖相環(huán)的改進(jìn)方式，根據(jù)分析結(jié)果提出了兩相靜止坐標(biāo)系下的改進(jìn)復(fù)數(shù)濾波器和基于滑動(dòng)戈澤爾變換的鎖相環(huán)。通過(guò)仿真驗(yàn)證了改進(jìn)復(fù)數(shù)濾波器能夠快速準(zhǔn)確地分離出電網(wǎng)三相電壓的正負(fù)序分量，并能夠在一定程度上對(duì)電網(wǎng)電壓的諧波進(jìn)行衰減；驗(yàn)證了基于滑動(dòng)戈澤爾變換的鎖相環(huán)能夠在電網(wǎng)電壓畸變時(shí)快速、準(zhǔn)確地鎖相，并在電網(wǎng)電壓的頻率在小范圍偏移時(shí)仍然能夠有效地工作。 并網(wǎng)變換器流入（出）電網(wǎng)的電流諧波含量需要滿足標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，而并網(wǎng)電流的諧波大多來(lái)自于周期性的擾動(dòng)。本文首先分析了三相PWM并網(wǎng)變換器電流諧波來(lái)源，，介紹了適用于抑制周期性擾動(dòng)的重復(fù)控制；然后針對(duì)實(shí)際的硬件系統(tǒng)參數(shù)，設(shè)計(jì)了重復(fù)控制器；最后仿真驗(yàn)證了在兩相靜止坐標(biāo)系下使用重復(fù)控制的確能夠有效地抑制電網(wǎng)電壓諧波帶來(lái)的周期性擾動(dòng)。 當(dāng)三相并網(wǎng)變換器工作在整流狀態(tài)時(shí)，穩(wěn)定的直流母線電壓既能保證直流負(fù)載穩(wěn)定工作，又能確保直流側(cè)電容的安全。對(duì)三相電壓源型PWM整流器，首先在αβ軸下計(jì)算交流側(cè)的瞬時(shí)復(fù)功率，根據(jù)功率分析直流母線電壓波動(dòng)的原因；然后推導(dǎo)出系統(tǒng)功率控制的基本方程，分析系統(tǒng)在不同的電流及功率要求下指令電流的計(jì)算表達(dá)式，并將此表達(dá)式應(yīng)用于控制系統(tǒng)中；仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果說(shuō)明根據(jù)推導(dǎo)出的功率表達(dá)式的確能夠有效地控制系統(tǒng)中的功率波動(dòng)及直流側(cè)電壓。 為了驗(yàn)證理論分析的實(shí)際可行性，搭建了一套15kW的三相PWM并網(wǎng)變換器實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)。在此平臺(tái)上完成了鎖相環(huán)、并網(wǎng)電流諧波抑制及有功功率和直流電壓波動(dòng)抑制實(shí)驗(yàn)，并給出了實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果和分析，證實(shí)了理論分析的正確性。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the global energy shortage and environmental pollution, the renewable energy power generation system is developing rapidly. Grid-connected converter is responsible for the energy exchange between renewable energy and power grid, and plays a key role in the whole renewable energy generation system. In view of the wide application of power electronic devices, the problem of power grid pollution is becoming more and more serious. Therefore, it is necessary to study the control strategy of grid-connected converter in non-ideal power grid. In this paper, the key problems of grid-connected converter are as follows: positive sequence voltage synchronization, harmonic suppression of grid-connected current, active power and DC voltage fluctuation. The positive sequence voltage vector angle is the most basic and important information needed for the renewable energy generation system to be able to access the grid normally. Phase locked loop is an effective way to obtain this information. In this paper, the basic principle of PLL is analyzed, and then the improved PLL is analyzed. Based on the analysis results, an improved complex filter in two-phase stationary coordinate system and a PLL based on sliding Gozel transform are proposed. The simulation results show that the improved complex filter can quickly and accurately separate the positive and negative sequence components of the three-phase voltage, and can attenuate the harmonics of the grid voltage to a certain extent. It is verified that the phase-locked loop based on sliding Gozel transform can be used quickly and accurately when the voltage is distorted, and can work effectively even when the frequency of the grid voltage is shifted in a small range. The harmonic content of current in and out of grid-connected converters needs to meet the standard, and the harmonics of grid-connected current mostly come from periodic disturbances. In this paper, the source of current harmonics in three-phase PWM grid-connected converter is analyzed, and the repetitive control which is suitable for suppressing periodic disturbance is introduced, and then the repetitive controller is designed for the actual hardware system parameters. Finally, the simulation results show that using repetitive control in two-phase stationary coordinate system can effectively suppress the periodic disturbance caused by voltage harmonics. When the three-phase grid-connected converter is in the rectifying state, the stable DC bus voltage can not only guarantee the steady operation of the DC load, but also ensure the safety of the DC side capacitance. For three-phase voltage source type PWM rectifier, the instantaneous complex power of AC side is first calculated under 偽 尾 axis, the reason of DC bus voltage fluctuation is analyzed according to power, and the basic equation of system power control is deduced. The calculation expression of instruction current under different current and power requirements of the system is analyzed and applied to the control system. The simulation and experimental results show that the power fluctuation and DC side voltage can be effectively controlled by the derived power expression. In order to verify the feasibility of theoretical analysis, an experimental platform of 15kW three-phase PWM grid-connected converter is built. The experiments of phase-locked loop, grid-connected current harmonic suppression and active power and DC voltage fluctuation suppression are carried out on this platform. The experimental results and analysis are given, and the correctness of the theoretical analysis is verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM46

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