本文選題：自旋電子學(xué) + 微波　； 參考：《中國科學(xué)院研究生院（上海技術(shù)物理研究所）》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：類比于半導(dǎo)體光電探測技術(shù)中電子能級(jí)分裂形成能帶結(jié)構(gòu)后對(duì)光子的光電壓探測，本文提出：利用外磁場作用下鐵磁材料內(nèi)剩余磁矩能級(jí)分裂形成的能級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)微波光子的吸收，，制成可集成化的微波探測器，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)微波的光電探測。本文所基于的材料特性是鐵磁材料的各向異性磁電阻效應(yīng)，由于該效應(yīng)，微波的磁場分量改變材料內(nèi)磁矩的方向并形成動(dòng)態(tài)電阻，動(dòng)態(tài)電阻與微波的電分量在材料內(nèi)誘導(dǎo)產(chǎn)生的交變電流耦合形成整流直流電壓，即獲得光電壓輸出。與傳統(tǒng)射頻電路對(duì)微波的探測相比，該方法有效避免了微波對(duì)傳輸線的相位、幅度敏感性，并且可進(jìn)行器件的集成化。利用該微波探測器及其構(gòu)成的微波成像系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了相位分辨的微波段介質(zhì)介電常數(shù)測量及介質(zhì)、金屬的近場微波成像。 在對(duì)物理背景的介紹中，本文依次進(jìn)行了鐵磁性、各向異性磁電阻效應(yīng)、自旋進(jìn)動(dòng)、鐵磁共振及自旋整流的論述，從自旋電子學(xué)里對(duì)材料的研究轉(zhuǎn)入到對(duì)微波光電轉(zhuǎn)化的研究。 自旋整流效應(yīng)是本文所用微波探測機(jī)制的物理基礎(chǔ)，并且類比于邁克耳遜干涉儀，利用相干的微波在鐵磁材料內(nèi)整流過程中的干涉效應(yīng)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)相干微波的相位分辨探測。以此搭建的自旋電子學(xué)邁克耳遜干涉儀可以進(jìn)行自旋/磁矩馳豫的自旋動(dòng)力學(xué)研究，也可以用于幅度與相位分辨微波成像系統(tǒng)。 在近場微波成像系統(tǒng)中，通過進(jìn)行微波透過介質(zhì)后的相位、幅度的測量反演出介質(zhì)相對(duì)于空氣的介電性質(zhì)并且計(jì)算出介質(zhì)的介電常數(shù)；對(duì)于微波段的亞波長結(jié)構(gòu)，利用近場微波成像系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了相位分辨或幅度分辨成像并得到亞波長結(jié)構(gòu)信息，成像實(shí)驗(yàn)在理想介質(zhì)、強(qiáng)吸收性介質(zhì)、強(qiáng)反射性金屬結(jié)構(gòu)上都獲得了實(shí)現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Analogous to the photovoltage detection of photons after the electron energy level splits into a band structure in semiconductor photoelectric detection technology, In this paper, it is proposed that an integrated microwave detector can be fabricated by using the energy level structure of the residual magnetic moment in ferromagnetic material to absorb the microwave photons, and to realize the photoelectric detection of the microwave. The material characteristic of this paper is the anisotropic magnetoresistance effect of ferromagnetic material. As a result of this effect, the magnetic field component of microwave changes the direction of magnetic moment in the material and forms the dynamic resistance. The alternating current induced by the dynamic resistor and the microwave component in the material is coupled to form the rectified DC voltage, that is, the output of the photovoltage is obtained. Compared with the traditional RF circuit, this method can effectively avoid the phase and amplitude sensitivity of the microwave transmission line, and can integrate the devices. Using the microwave detector and the microwave imaging system, the phase resolved microwave dielectric constant measurement and near-field microwave imaging of metal and dielectric are realized. In the introduction of physical background, ferromagnetism, anisotropic magnetoresistance effect, spin precession, ferromagnetic resonance and spin rectifier are discussed in turn. The spin rectification effect is the physical basis of the microwave detection mechanism used in this paper. Compared with the Michelson interferometer, the phase resolution detection of coherent microwave can be realized by using the interference effect of coherent microwave in the rectifying process of ferromagnetic material. The spin electron Michelson interferometer can be used to study spin dynamics of spin / magnetic moment relaxation, and can also be used in amplitude and phase resolved microwave imaging system. In a near-field microwave imaging system, the dielectric properties of the reverse medium relative to air are measured by the phase of the microwave passing through the medium and the dielectric constant of the medium is calculated; for the subwavelength structure of the microwave segment, Phase resolution or amplitude resolution imaging is carried out by using near field microwave imaging system and sub-wavelength structure information is obtained. The imaging experiments are realized in ideal medium, strong absorption medium and strong reflective metal structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國科學(xué)院研究生院（上海技術(shù)物理研究所）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM271

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

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