本文選題：變壓器差動保護 + 非周期分量　； 參考：《西南交通大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：變壓器是電力系統(tǒng)中最常用和最基本的元件之一,其作用是在輸電線路中提高電壓等級,在配電線路中降低電壓等級,其對整個電力系統(tǒng)運行具有重要意義。此外,由于大容量電力變壓器自身的成本高,其損壞時造成的經(jīng)濟損失非常巨大。傳統(tǒng)的工頻縱聯(lián)差動保護因其靈敏度高和實現(xiàn)簡單等優(yōu)點而被廣泛的應用于電氣設備中,但是,其在變壓器的應用中仍存在一些問題,如需要躲避不平衡電流、無法判別微小匝間短路和存在勵磁涌流識別等問題。因此,本文將一種基于非周期分量的差動保護應用到變壓器保護中,來提高保護動作性能,同時,驗證該保護識別微小匝間短路故障和勵磁涌流的有效性。首先,本文簡要分析了電磁式電流互感器的工作過程,存在的問題和解決方法。對比分析得出光學電流互感器具有無磁飽特性和能夠準確提取故障非周期分量電流的特點。在此基礎上,分析基于非周期分量電流的縱聯(lián)差動保護,并采用一個全波內(nèi)積分的方法實現(xiàn)非周期分量的提取。然后,本文分析了變壓器現(xiàn)有的縱聯(lián)差動保護原理及其判據(jù),分析不平衡電流和勵磁涌流產(chǎn)生的原因及其對變壓器縱聯(lián)差動保護的影響,重點對比分析了常用的勵磁涌流鑒別方法及其各自特點。最后,本文將基于非周期分量的線路差動保護應用到變壓器保護中,分析得到該保護比率差動和方向差動的判據(jù)。通過MATLAB/Simulink軟件構建變壓器雙端電源、單端電源和匝間短路故障的仿真模型,仿真驗證了該保護動作的正確性及其識別微小匝間短路故障和勵磁涌流的能力。同時,仿真分析了不同時刻、過渡電阻和故障類型對該保護特性的影響。本文理論分析和仿真驗證表明：基于非周期分量的縱聯(lián)差動保護在變壓器保證中靈敏性要優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)保護；該保護不用借助其它的方法即可識別勵磁涌流,其亦可用于保護匝數(shù)大于3.6%的匝間短路故障。本文的研究成果對于非周期分量在變壓器差動保護中的應用、判定微小匝間短路故障和識別勵磁涌流具有參考價值。
[Abstract]:Transformer is one of the most common and basic components in power system. Its function is to improve the voltage level in transmission lines and to reduce the voltage grade in distribution lines, which is of great significance to the operation of the whole power system. In addition, because of the high cost of large capacity power transformer itself, the economic loss caused by its damage is very huge. Traditional power frequency longitudinal differential protection is widely used in electrical equipment because of its high sensitivity and simple realization. However, there are still some problems in transformer application, such as the need to avoid unbalanced current. It is impossible to distinguish the small inter-turn short circuit and the identification of inrush current. Therefore, a kind of differential protection based on aperiodic component is applied to transformer protection to improve the performance of the protection. At the same time, the effectiveness of the protection in identifying micro-inter-turn short-circuit faults and excitation inrush current is verified. Firstly, this paper briefly analyzes the working process, existing problems and solutions of electromagnetic current transformers. The comparison and analysis show that the optical current transformer has the characteristics of non-magnetic saturation and can accurately extract the fault aperiodic component current. On the basis of this, the longitudinal differential protection based on aperiodic component current is analyzed, and a full wave integral method is used to extract the aperiodic component. Then, this paper analyzes the principle and criterion of transformer longitudinal differential protection, analyzes the causes of unbalanced current and excitation inrush current and its influence on transformer longitudinal differential protection. The common identification methods of inrush current and their respective characteristics are compared and analyzed. Finally, the line differential protection based on aperiodic component is applied to transformer protection, and the criterion of ratio differential and directional differential protection is obtained. The simulation model of transformer double end power supply, single end power supply and inter-turn short circuit fault is constructed by MATLAB/Simulink software. The simulation results show that the protection action is correct and the ability to identify micro inter-turn short circuit fault and excitation inrush current is verified. At the same time, the effects of transition resistance and fault type on the protection characteristics are analyzed. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the sensitivity of the differential protection based on aperiodic component is superior to that of the traditional protection, and the inrush current can be identified by other methods. It can also be used to protect short circuit faults with turn number greater than 3.6%. The research results in this paper have a reference value for the application of aperiodic component in transformer differential protection, the determination of micro-turn short circuit fault and the identification of inrush current.
【學位授予單位】：西南交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM774

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