本文選題：獨(dú)立光伏系統(tǒng) + 最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤　； 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：21世紀(jì)，世界能源緊缺和環(huán)境污染問題變得更加嚴(yán)重，以風(fēng)能、太陽能為代表的新能源，憑借其清潔、可持續(xù)的特性得到世界各國的重視。獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)通常設(shè)計(jì)為偏遠(yuǎn)、沒有電網(wǎng)覆蓋的地區(qū)提供電力，具有廣闊的應(yīng)用空間。本文主要研究獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)與優(yōu)化，具體工作如下： 1)在局部陰影條件下光伏陣列輸出功率—電壓曲線為多峰值而非單峰值，常規(guī)的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤策略缺乏全局尋優(yōu)能力，常常陷于局部峰值，造成大的功率損失。本文通過分析局部陰影條件下光伏陣列的輸出特性曲線，提出了基于輔助線，結(jié)合電流控制和擾動(dòng)觀察法的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤策略。 2)設(shè)計(jì)了一款額定輸出功率為600W高頻光伏逆變器，，逆變器具備寬輸入電壓、高轉(zhuǎn)換效率、安全、穩(wěn)定的特性。逆變器前級(jí)升壓DC采用推挽拓?fù)�，使用PWM芯片SG3525作為控制核心，采用TL431配合線性光耦L817A構(gòu)成2型誤差放大補(bǔ)償器，根據(jù)反饋環(huán)路的穩(wěn)定性原理計(jì)算了補(bǔ)償器參數(shù)。逆變器后級(jí)為全橋逆變電路，使用STM32F103VC作為主控芯片，對(duì)逆變器輸出電壓進(jìn)行SPWM調(diào)制和電壓均值反饋PI控制，同時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)逆變器運(yùn)行狀態(tài)、保證系統(tǒng)安全。 3)研究了獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的能量管理策略。采用由恒流、恒壓和浮充組成的三階段式鉛酸蓄電池充電策略，使用電壓法結(jié)合安時(shí)法對(duì)蓄電池的荷電常數(shù)(SOC)預(yù)測(cè)，并提出了一套鉛酸蓄電池的優(yōu)化充放電策略。說明了本文光伏系統(tǒng)總體框架，闡述了控制系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)和狀態(tài)切換流程圖。 最后，使用Matlab\Simulink仿真和實(shí)驗(yàn)手段，驗(yàn)證了最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤算法切實(shí)可靠；對(duì)逆變器輸出電壓波形和整機(jī)效率進(jìn)行測(cè)試，逆變器輸出優(yōu)秀正弦波，效率峰值達(dá)88%；通過蓄電池充放電測(cè)試，驗(yàn)證了能量管理系統(tǒng)能確保光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)正常工作。
[Abstract]:In the 21st century, the energy shortage and environmental pollution in the world become more and more serious. The new energy, represented by wind energy and solar energy, has been paid more attention to by the world because of its clean and sustainable characteristics. Independent photovoltaic systems are usually designed to provide power in remote areas without grid coverage, and have a wide range of applications. This paper mainly studies the design and optimization of independent photovoltaic power generation system. The specific work is as follows: 1) under the condition of local shadow, the output power voltage curve of photovoltaic array is multi-peak instead of single peak. The conventional maximum power point tracking strategy lacks the ability of global optimization and is often trapped in local peak value, resulting in large power loss. By analyzing the output characteristic curve of photovoltaic array under local shadow condition, a maximum power point tracking strategy based on auxiliary line, combined with current control and disturbance observation method, is proposed in this paper. 2) A 600W high frequency photovoltaic inverter with rated output power is designed. The inverter has the characteristics of wide input voltage, high conversion efficiency, safety and stability. The forward boost DC of the inverter adopts push-pull topology, PWM chip SG3525 as the control core, TL431 and linear optical coupling L817A as the second type error amplifier compensator. The parameters of the compensator are calculated according to the stability principle of the feedback loop. The inverter is a full-bridge inverter circuit with STM32F103VC as the main control chip. The output voltage of the inverter is controlled by SPWM modulation and voltage mean feedback Pi control. At the same time, the operation state of the inverter is monitored to ensure the safety of the system. 3) the energy management strategy of independent photovoltaic system is studied. A three-stage lead-acid battery charging strategy consisting of constant current, constant voltage and floating charge was adopted. The charge constant of the battery was predicted by voltage method combined with amperage method, and a set of optimal charging and discharging strategies for lead-acid battery was put forward. The general frame of the photovoltaic system is explained, and the flow chart of the state and state switching of the control system is described. Finally, the maximum power point tracking algorithm is verified by Matlab\ Simulink simulation and experiment, the output voltage waveform of inverter and the efficiency of the whole machine are tested, and the inverter outputs excellent sine wave. The energy management system can ensure the normal operation of photovoltaic power generation system through battery charge and discharge test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM615

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