本文選題：開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源 + 降壓型��； 參考：《西安電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著電子行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,電子器件也越來越多地出現(xiàn)在人們的生活和工作當(dāng)中,而且這些電子器件全部需要供電才能正常工作。開始只是些簡單的電子器件被供電,但隨著電子器件的不斷精密化和小巧化,供電的技術(shù)要求也越來越高,由此便促使電源的供電技術(shù)向更高要求、更多功能發(fā)展,多種供電技術(shù)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生,其中就有開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源技術(shù)。雖然開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源興起較遲,但是它的誕生極大地改變了世界的面貌。許多科技領(lǐng)先的組織和國家都投入大量的精力來推動開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源的發(fā)展。1990年后,開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源在多種場所飛速發(fā)展,筆記本電腦、手機(jī)和相機(jī)等便攜電器都使用了開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源來供電,而保證這些電器的室外使用時間至關(guān)重要。在電池體積、容量固定的基礎(chǔ)上,如何提高電源轉(zhuǎn)化效率成為電源供電技術(shù)人員需要解決的問題。本文首先介紹了開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源的相關(guān)概念,包括它的基礎(chǔ)知識和發(fā)展動向,并且主要對開關(guān)穩(wěn)壓電源中的降壓型拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行了研究,然后設(shè)計了芯片內(nèi)部的各個模塊,包括主線模塊和保護(hù)模塊,并給出部分模塊的理論依據(jù)以及仿真結(jié)果,緊接著分析了系統(tǒng)的環(huán)路穩(wěn)定性并對其進(jìn)行補(bǔ)償,最后選取芯片XD1408的外部電路元器件并對整體系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了仿真驗(yàn)證。芯片XD1408使用峰值電流模式架構(gòu),它的目的是提高電路的敏感度,響應(yīng)速度快,對每個周期的電感電流都有限制,而且本身也具有了過流保護(hù)功能;芯片XD1408還內(nèi)嵌了軟啟動模塊,不同于傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計方法,該方法用電阻替代了大面積的充電電容,采用數(shù)字邏輯,一步一步提高模塊輸出電壓,并且提供一定的余量,它能很好地抑制芯片在啟動過程可能出現(xiàn)的電流浪涌現(xiàn)象;在負(fù)載短路時,芯片會自動使主頻率降到100k赫茲,從而使電感電流下降的時間足夠長,防止出現(xiàn)失控情況;在停機(jī)狀態(tài)時,流過芯片的電流會降至1μA或更低;為了使該芯片穩(wěn)定安全地工作,它內(nèi)部還集成了過壓、過流、過熱等保護(hù)模塊。芯片采用同步整流技術(shù),無需肖特基二極管,不僅節(jié)省了成本,而且提高了轉(zhuǎn)換效率;芯片XD1408擁有寬的輸入電壓范圍,可從2.5V~5.5V之間取值;它的主頻率是1.5M赫茲,高頻率的優(yōu)勢在于可以選擇較小的電感,就能達(dá)到低紋波輸出電壓;為了減小系統(tǒng)在待機(jī)時功耗,芯片XD1408還設(shè)計了一種‘間歇工作模式’,也就是說當(dāng)芯片工作在重載時,使用PWM模式;當(dāng)負(fù)載降低時就會自動切換到間歇模式,也叫做Burst Mode,芯片效率都會很高。芯片XD1408仿真采用的軟件工具是Cadence,仿真器是Hspice,所用的工藝是0.5μmCMOS模型,系統(tǒng)整體的仿真結(jié)果表明:電路的設(shè)計能夠達(dá)到指標(biāo)要求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic industry, electronic devices appear more and more in people's life and work, and all these electronic devices need power supply to work properly. At first it was only simple electronic devices that were powered, but with the continuous refinement and miniaturization of electronic devices, the technical requirements for power supply became increasingly high, which prompted the power supply technology to develop to higher requirements and more functions. A variety of power supply technologies emerge as the times require, including switching power supply technology. Although switching power supply is late to rise, its birth has greatly changed the face of the world. Many scientific and technological leading organizations and countries have invested a lot of energy to promote the development of switching power supply. After 1990, switching power supply developed rapidly in many places, notebook computers, Portable appliances, such as mobile phones and cameras, use a switching power supply to power them, and it's important to keep them outdoors. On the basis of the fixed volume and capacity of the battery, how to improve the efficiency of power conversion has become a problem to be solved by the power supply technicians. This paper first introduces the related concepts of switching stabilized power supply, including its basic knowledge and development trend, and mainly studies the related theory of the step-down topology in switching stabilized power supply. Then every module inside the chip is designed, including the main line module and the protection module, and the theoretical basis and simulation results of some modules are given. Then, the loop stability of the system is analyzed and compensated. Finally, the external circuit components of chip XD1408 are selected and the whole system is simulated. The chip XD1408 uses peak-current mode architecture, which aims to improve the sensitivity of the circuit, the response speed is fast, the inductance current of each cycle is limited, and the chip XD1408 also has the function of over-current protection. Different from the traditional design method, the method uses resistance instead of a large area of charging capacitance, digital logic, step by step to improve the module output voltage, and provide a certain margin. It can restrain the current surge which may occur in the starting process of the chip, and when the load shortens, the main frequency of the chip will automatically drop to 100 kHz, so that the inductance current will fall long enough to prevent runaway. At downtime, the current flowing through the chip will be reduced to 1 渭 A or less. In order to make the chip work stably and safely, the internal protection modules such as overvoltage, overcurrent and overheating are also integrated. The chip uses synchronous rectifier technology without Schottky diode, which not only saves cost, but also improves conversion efficiency. The chip XD1408 has a wide input voltage range, which can be measured from 2.5V~5.5V to 2.5V~5.5V. Its main frequency is 1.5m hertz. The advantage of high frequency is that the low ripple output voltage can be achieved by selecting smaller inductors. In order to reduce the power consumption of the system while standby, the chip XD1408 has also designed a 'intermittent mode of operation, that is, when the chip is working in heavy load. PWM mode is used; when load is lowered, it automatically switches to batch mode, also known as Burst mode, and chips are highly efficient. The software tool used in chip XD1408 simulation is Cadence, the simulator is Hspice.The process is 0.5 渭 mCMOS model. The simulation results of the whole system show that the circuit design can meet the requirements.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM46

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