本文選題：醌溴液流電池 + 數(shù)值模擬　； 參考：《北京理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來(lái),伴隨著不可再生能源危機(jī)加劇,以可再生能源逐步替代不可再生能源是未來(lái)一種發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。然而可再生能源自身帶有間歇性,這種不穩(wěn)定性存在著很大的安全隱患。由于大規(guī)模儲(chǔ)能技術(shù)能夠起到削峰填谷的作用,提高電網(wǎng)的安全性,所以各國(guó)對(duì)大規(guī)模儲(chǔ)能電池的研究也越來(lái)越重視。以無(wú)機(jī)物做電解質(zhì)溶液的傳統(tǒng)液流電池,受限于金屬量,不可長(zhǎng)期廣泛使用。本課題研究的是一種新型有機(jī)醌溴液流電池,該種液流電池不使用金屬物質(zhì),所以不受資源量的限制,而且以有機(jī)物做電解質(zhì)材料,可以根據(jù)需要對(duì)所用有機(jī)物分子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改進(jìn)和修飾。文中使用Comsol Multiphysics軟件,耦合了三大普遍守恒方程以及電極反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程,建立了數(shù)值模型,并且對(duì)模型進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證和分析。研究結(jié)果表明,流道結(jié)構(gòu)影響電流密度的分布和電解液傳質(zhì),所以對(duì)電池性能有很大影響。因?yàn)榱鞯澜Y(jié)構(gòu)的存在,使得多孔電極上的電流密度分布不均勻,同時(shí)受物質(zhì)傳質(zhì)的影響,在電池的邊角位置會(huì)出現(xiàn)反應(yīng)物濃度偏低,產(chǎn)物積累,過(guò)電位偏離較高的現(xiàn)象,加大了極化程度和電能損失。通過(guò)調(diào)整工藝參數(shù)發(fā)現(xiàn),小電流密度進(jìn)行充放電時(shí),極化程度較小,電池內(nèi)部的歐姆降也較小,電池性能較好,但是完成一次充放電耗時(shí)較長(zhǎng)。小電流密度時(shí),流率對(duì)電池性能影響非常小。增大孔隙率,可以加快電化學(xué)反應(yīng),相應(yīng)的也會(huì)加強(qiáng)濃差極化。在一定溫度區(qū)間內(nèi),溫度越高電池性能越好,但當(dāng)達(dá)到一定溫度后,提高溫度對(duì)電池性能基本沒(méi)影響,電流大小與電池內(nèi)部能量變化密切相關(guān),大規(guī)模儲(chǔ)能時(shí),為實(shí)現(xiàn)最大經(jīng)濟(jì)效益可根據(jù)不同季節(jié)以及充放電電流大小來(lái)綜合考慮是否需要溫度調(diào)控系統(tǒng)。通過(guò)對(duì)課題組所做醌溴液流電池溴透過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)的探究,建立了數(shù)值模型,發(fā)現(xiàn)溴以三種傳質(zhì)方式穿過(guò)膜時(shí),以擴(kuò)散為主要方式,通過(guò)降低過(guò)量的正極電解質(zhì)溶液濃度的方法,可以降低溴透過(guò)量,提高電池庫(kù)倫效率,同時(shí)調(diào)大負(fù)極側(cè)電解質(zhì)溶液流率,降低正負(fù)極兩側(cè)壓差,也能有效的降低溴透過(guò)量,提高電池庫(kù)倫效率。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the aggravation of non-renewable energy crisis, it is a development trend to replace non-renewable energy with renewable energy gradually.However, renewable energy itself has intermittent nature, such instability has a great security risk.Because the large-scale energy storage technology can play the role of cutting the peak and filling the valley, improve the security of the power grid, so the research of large-scale energy storage battery has been paid more and more attention.The traditional liquid-flow battery with inorganic substance as electrolyte solution is limited by metal content and cannot be widely used for a long time.In this paper, a new type of organic quinone bromine liquid flow battery is studied, which does not use metal substance, so it is not limited by the amount of resources, and uses organic substance as electrolyte material.The molecular structure of organic compounds can be modified and modified according to the need.In this paper, three general conservation equations and electrode reaction kinetics equations are coupled with Comsol Multiphysics software, and the numerical model is established, and the model is verified and analyzed.The results show that the flow channel structure affects the distribution of current density and the mass transfer of electrolyte, so it has a great effect on the performance of the battery.Because of the existence of flow channel structure, the distribution of current density on the porous electrode is not uniform. At the same time, due to the influence of mass transfer, the concentration of reactant is low, the product accumulates and the overpotential deviates from the higher one in the side corner of the battery.Increased polarization and power loss.By adjusting the process parameters, it is found that the polarization degree is small, the ohmic drop in the battery is smaller and the performance of the battery is better when charging and discharging with low current density, but it takes a long time to complete one charge and discharge.When the current density is low, the effect of current rate on the performance of the battery is very small.The electrochemical reaction can be accelerated by increasing porosity, and the concentration polarization will be strengthened accordingly.In a certain temperature range, the higher the temperature, the better the performance of the battery. However, when the temperature reaches a certain temperature, the increase of temperature has no effect on the performance of the battery, and the current is closely related to the change of internal energy of the battery, and when the energy is stored on a large scale,In order to realize the maximum economic benefit, the temperature control system can be considered synthetically according to different seasons and the current of charge and discharge.A numerical model of bromine permeation of quinone bromine liquid battery was established. It was found that when bromine was passed through the membrane in three different ways, diffusion was the main way and the concentration of excess positive electrolyte solution was reduced.It can reduce the amount of bromine permeation, improve the efficiency of the cell, increase the flow rate of electrolyte solution on the anode side, reduce the pressure difference between the positive and negative electrode, reduce the amount of bromine permeation, and improve the efficiency of the cell.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM912

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