本文選題：永磁體 + 直線發(fā)電機　； 參考：《中國海洋大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會不斷進步、科學的不斷發(fā)展，發(fā)電機種類的增加特別是特種電機的應用為人類社會做出了巨大貢獻。如今隨著世界經(jīng)濟不斷地高速發(fā)展,人口數(shù)量的膨脹以及耗電設備的不斷增加，人類對能源特別是電能的需求量愈來愈大,以往人們發(fā)電需要諸如煤之類的不可再生能源的儲存是十分有限的,生產(chǎn)周期緩慢，從而造成了常規(guī)能源過度開采而趨于枯竭的現(xiàn)象。海底不但貯藏著豐富的能源，海洋本身也存在著間接能源，例如潮汐能、波浪能、海流能等，，其中波浪在海洋中隨處可見，它所蘊含的能量及其豐富,幾乎是取之不盡,用之不竭。如果我們能將其加以開發(fā)利用，那么不但能推動我國海洋能產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展也能為我們的子孫后代造福。 傳統(tǒng)的波浪能發(fā)電裝置為旋轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)電機，將波浪的直線運動經(jīng)過中間環(huán)節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)換為發(fā)電機的旋轉(zhuǎn)運動，由于中間環(huán)節(jié)的傳遞效率的問題使發(fā)電機的總的發(fā)電效率降低。作為特種電機的直線發(fā)電機結(jié)構簡單，加工制作方便，在電機性能上動態(tài)響應快、精度高，在重量上質(zhì)量、輕慣性。有很小的噪聲和振動。除此之外還省去了能量的中間轉(zhuǎn)換環(huán)節(jié),因此在捕獲波浪能以及提高捕獲效率方面有很大優(yōu)勢，在要求低速、穩(wěn)定、響應快的直線運動的場合有廣泛的應用前景。然而，波浪能發(fā)電技術，為直線電機的發(fā)展提供了有利的平臺。 本論文在前人基礎上，通過理論的研究以及方案的討論，最終提出圓筒形直線往復發(fā)電機模型，并通過三維軟件solidworks初步建模，通過ansoft/maxwell電磁分析軟件對模型進行仿真分析，優(yōu)化結(jié)構，其中包括鐵芯槽口大小的優(yōu)化、磁鐵充磁方式的選擇、磁鐵間隙的優(yōu)化以及鐵芯縱向端部效應的改善和彌補等內(nèi)容。 確定直線發(fā)電機模型后對其進行電磁瞬態(tài)仿真分析，進而得出該發(fā)電機的電磁力矩曲線、磁鏈曲線、以及所產(chǎn)生的感應電動勢曲線圖。 將直線發(fā)電機產(chǎn)生的空載電動勢圖形數(shù)據(jù)以表格的形式導出。確定其有效值后，利用protues電路仿真軟件中自定義信號發(fā)生器導入相關數(shù)據(jù)制作電壓源，為后續(xù)的電源管理模塊做準備。 發(fā)電機三相電壓經(jīng)過降壓、濾波、整流、穩(wěn)壓等電路處理后對蓄電池充電。同時用AT89C51單片機對經(jīng)過處理后的蓄電池充電電壓和充電電流進行采集檢測，并通過LED數(shù)碼管將采集到的電流和電壓數(shù)據(jù)顯示出來。 利用RS232接口將AT89C51單片機和無線發(fā)送設備DTU實現(xiàn)串口通信，并將單片機寄存器中的數(shù)據(jù)傳送給DTU,并由DTU將數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送到公共網(wǎng)絡中。之后監(jiān)控中心將網(wǎng)絡中的數(shù)據(jù)接收下來并在上位機軟件中顯示。用Keilu Vision3開發(fā)軟件對AT89C51單片機進行編程和調(diào)試。 本系統(tǒng)通過設備和DTU以及上位機的聯(lián)機，觀察無線發(fā)送所接收到的數(shù)據(jù)參數(shù)。
[Abstract]:With the progress of society and the development of science, the increase of generator types, especially the application of special motors, has made great contributions to human society.Nowadays, with the rapid development of the world economy, the expansion of population and the increasing of power consumption, the demand for energy, especially electric energy, is increasing.In the past, the storage of non-renewable energy such as coal was very limited and the production cycle was slow, which resulted in over-exploitation of conventional energy and depletion of conventional energy.The ocean floor not only stores abundant energy, but also has indirect energy sources, such as tidal energy, wave energy, ocean current energy, and so on, in which waves are found everywhere in the ocean, and the energy it contains is so abundant that it is almost inexhaustible.It is inexhaustible.If we can develop and utilize it, it can not only promote the development of marine energy industry in China, but also benefit our future generations.The traditional wave energy generator is a rotating generator. The linear motion of the wave is converted into the rotating motion of the generator through the intermediate link. The total generating efficiency of the generator is reduced because of the transmission efficiency of the intermediate link.As a special type of motor, linear generator has the advantages of simple structure, convenient processing and manufacture, fast dynamic response, high precision, mass in weight and light inertia.There is very little noise and vibration.In addition, the intermediate conversion of energy is eliminated, so it has great advantages in capturing wave energy and improving capture efficiency, and has a wide application prospect in the case of low speed, stable and fast response linear motion.However, wave power generation technology provides a favorable platform for the development of linear motors.On the basis of previous studies, the model of cylindrical linear reciprocating generator is put forward through theoretical research and scheme discussion, and the model is simulated and analyzed by solidworks software and ansoft/maxwell electromagnetic analysis software.The optimized structure includes the optimization of the size of the core slot, the selection of the magnet magnetization mode, the optimization of the magnet gap, and the improvement and compensation of the longitudinal end effect of the core.The electromagnetic transient simulation analysis of linear generator model is carried out, and the electromagnetic moment curve, flux chain curve and induced electromotive force curve of the generator are obtained.The graph data of no-load EMF generated by linear generator are derived in the form of table.After determining its effective value, the self-defined signal generator in the protues circuit simulation software is used to import the relevant data to make the voltage source, so as to prepare for the subsequent power management module.Generator three-phase voltage after voltage reduction, filtering, rectifier, voltage stabilization circuit after charging battery.At the same time, AT89C51 single chip microcomputer is used to collect and detect the charge voltage and charge current of the treated battery, and the collected current and voltage data are displayed through the LED digital tube.The serial communication between AT89C51 MCU and wireless transmitting device DTU is realized by using RS232 interface, and the data from single chip microcomputer register is transmitted to DTU, and the data is sent to public network by DTU.Then the monitoring center receives the data from the network and displays it in the upper computer software.Programming and debugging AT89C51 single chip microcomputer with Keilu Vision3 development software.The data parameters received by wireless transmission are observed through the connection of the device, DTU and upper computer.
【學位授予單位】：中國海洋大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM612;P743.2

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