本文選題：局部放電 + 超聲陣列傳感器　； 參考：《華北電力大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：局部放電的超聲陣列檢測方法是將陣列傳感器與陣列信號處理技術應用于局部放電超聲檢測中的一種新方法。聲學性能良好、維數(shù)合理的局部放電超聲陣列傳感器是檢測技術的基礎和關鍵。目前,關于局部放電超聲陣列傳感器的聲學性能研究主要以定性分析為主,尚未開展系統(tǒng)、科學的定量研究。 論文在國家自然科學基金(51307060)“局部放電超聲陣列信號的提取策略研究”、河北省自然科學基金項目(2010001703)“基于超聲陣列傳感器的電力變壓器局部放電在線定位研究”和中央高校基本科研業(yè)務費專項資金項目(09MG09)“基于超聲相控陣的大型變壓器局部放電定位研究”的資助下,重點開展了局部放電超聲陣列傳感器的聲學性能評價及其稀疏設計的研究,主要內(nèi)容如下： 研制了適用于局部放電檢測的平面方形與圓環(huán)形超聲陣列傳感器,并開發(fā)了相應的局部放電定位系統(tǒng)。首先,研究了傳感器陣元的材料、中心頻率、厚度以及半徑等參數(shù),并設計了單個超聲陣列傳感器陣元與方形、圓環(huán)形局部放電超聲陣列傳感器裝配體；接著,制作了局部放電超聲陣列傳感器,并搭建了陣列傳感器測試平臺,對其進行了靈敏度測試,測試結果表明所研制的局部放電超聲陣列傳感器的頻響特性與一致性良好；然后,開發(fā)了一套完整的局部放電超聲陣列定位系統(tǒng),包括超聲陣列傳感器、便攜式局部放電檢測系統(tǒng)與陣列定位軟件系統(tǒng),為后續(xù)研究奠定了基礎。 研究了一套局部放電超聲陣列定位方法。分別采用FastICA(Fast Independent Component Analysis)算法、TLS(Total Least Square)算法、改進FastDOA(Fast Direction of Arrival)算法和測向線最小切球球心原理實現(xiàn)了局部放電超聲陣列信號的去噪、聚焦、測向以及準確定位,并對其進行了仿真和實驗研究,其結果驗證了所提局部放電超聲陣列定位方法的有效性和優(yōu)越性。 研究了一種局部放電超聲陣列傳感器的聲學性能定量評價方法。針對方形和圓環(huán)形局部放電超聲陣列傳感器,利用惠更斯原理分別推導了其指向性函數(shù),并定性分析了三維指向性圖,論證了聲學性能定量評價的必要性；然后,選擇定向準確度和最大旁瓣幅值為評價指標,建立了局部放電超聲陣列傳感器聲學性能的量化評價模型,實現(xiàn)了陣列傳感器聲學性能的定量評價；通過仿真和實驗研究,得到陣列傳感器的聲學性能與陣列結構和陣元個數(shù)之間的變化規(guī)律,驗證了所提聲學性能定量評價方法的正確性。 研究了一種聲學性能評價與智能優(yōu)化搜索相結合的局部放電超聲陣列傳感器稀疏設計方法。以9元、36元方形與圓環(huán)形局部放電超聲陣列傳感器為例,推導了考慮稀疏分布情況下,陣列傳感器的指向性函數(shù),并利用該函數(shù),以聲學性能評價值最優(yōu)為目標,采用Chaotic Monkey優(yōu)化算法搜索獲得不同稀疏度下,陣列傳感器的最優(yōu)稀疏分布結構。通過仿真與實驗研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：稀疏度一定時,最優(yōu)稀疏結構下的圓環(huán)形局部放電超聲陣列傳感器的聲學性能均優(yōu)于方形陣列；陣元個數(shù)相同時,滿秩圓環(huán)形陣列的聲學性能最優(yōu)。
[Abstract]:The ultrasonic array detection method of partial discharge is a new method of sensor array and array signal processing technology used in partial discharge ultrasonic detection. Good acoustic performance, partial discharge ultrasonic sensor array dimension reasonable is the key and foundation detection technology. At present, the research on the acoustic performance of partial discharge ultrasonic sensor array mainly qualitative the analysis mainly has not carried out systematic, scientific and quantitative research.
Based on the National Natural Science Foundation (51307060) "research" array signal of partial discharge ultrasonic extraction strategy, Hebei Province Natural Science Fund Project (2010001703) "research" online location of partial discharge in power transformer ultrasonic sensor array and the Central University based research funds based on the project "(09MG09) based on partial discharge location" large transformer of ultrasonic phased funding, focusing on the research and design of the performance evaluation of sparse acoustic array sensor for partial discharge ultrasound, the main contents are as follows:
For partial discharge detection plane square and circular ultrasonic array sensor is developed, and the development of PD location system. Firstly, the study on materials, sensors of the center frequency, thickness and radius parameters, and the design of the single ultrasonic sensor array element with the square, circular array of local sensor assembly discharge ultrasonic body; then, making the array sensor for partial discharge ultrasonic sensor array and built test platform, has carried on the sensitivity test, the test results of frequency response characteristic of ultrasonic array sensor for partial discharge that developed with good consistency; then, the development of a complete set of partial discharge ultrasonic array location system. Including the ultrasonic sensor array, portable partial discharge detection system and array positioning system, laid the foundation for further study.
Study on a set of partial discharge ultrasonic array location method. Using FastICA (Fast Independent Component Analysis) algorithm, TLS (Total Least Square) algorithm, the improved FastDOA (Fast Direction of Arrival) focusing algorithm and direction finding principle of center line of minimum sphere PD ultrasonic array signal denoising, and accurate positioning, direction finding, and has carried on the simulation and experiments, the results verify the validity and superiority of the proposed array location method of partial discharge ultrasound.
Study on the acoustic performance of a quantitative evaluation method for ultrasonic array sensor for partial discharge. For square and circular partial discharge ultrasonic sensor array, using the Huygens principle derived the directivity function, and the qualitative analysis of the three-dimensional directivity diagram, and demonstrates the necessity of quantitative evaluation of the acoustic performance; then, directional selection accuracy and the maximum side lobe amplitude as the evaluation index, a quantitative evaluation of the partial discharge ultrasonic sensor array acoustic performance model, quantitative evaluation of the performance of the acoustic sensor array; through simulation and experiment, the change law between the performance and the acoustic sensor array array structure and array number, to verify the correctness of the proposed acoustic performance the quantitative evaluation method.
A study on acoustic performance evaluation and intelligent optimization search combining partial discharge ultrasonic sensor array sparse design method. By 9 yuan, 36 yuan a square and circular partial discharge ultrasonic sensor array as an example, considering the sparse distribution, refers to the sensor array function, and this function is used in acoustics the performance evaluation of the optimal value as the goal, using the Chaotic Monkey search algorithm to obtain different sparsity, the optimal sparse distribution structure of sensor array. Through simulation and experimental studies have found that: when the sparsity, the acoustic performance of the optimal sparse structure of the circular array sensor for partial discharge ultrasound was better than the square array; the number of array elements. At the same time, the acoustic performance of optimum full rank circular array.

【學位授予單位】：華北電力大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM506;TP212

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