本文選題：PZT + PZN��； 參考：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：利用自然界清潔且儲(chǔ)量豐富的風(fēng)能,結(jié)合具有高能量密度的壓電材料,設(shè)計(jì)出為小型電子器件和無線傳感網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)供電的能量收集裝置已經(jīng)受到越來越多的關(guān)注。但是能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率的低下始終制約著壓電能量收集裝置的廣泛應(yīng)用。主要原因有二:第一、壓電材料作為整個(gè)壓電能量收集裝置的核心,本身必須滿足大功率能量輸出的要求,即應(yīng)該具有較高的能量轉(zhuǎn)換系數(shù)值d33·g33;第二、壓電能量收集裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)提升能量轉(zhuǎn)換效率起著至關(guān)重要的作用。本論文從材料和結(jié)構(gòu)兩方面入手進(jìn)行改進(jìn),以獲得高能量轉(zhuǎn)換系數(shù)的壓電材料及高機(jī)電轉(zhuǎn)換效率的壓電能量收集裝置,從而解決小型風(fēng)力壓電發(fā)電裝置效率和輸出功率低的問題。本文首先在現(xiàn)有的成分點(diǎn)0.8Pb(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O3 0.1PZN 0.1PNN的基礎(chǔ)上,通過改變Zr:Ti含量比即0.8Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 0.1PZT 0.1PNN,確定實(shí)驗(yàn)成分點(diǎn),制備陶瓷樣品。通過對(duì)比陶瓷樣品在這些成分點(diǎn)的XRD圖譜,發(fā)現(xiàn)明顯的“三方—四方”轉(zhuǎn)變過程,找到相變點(diǎn)。在Zr:Ti=52:48及Zr:Ti=50:50得到了具有兩個(gè)d33·g33值較高的成分點(diǎn),對(duì)應(yīng)的d33·g33值分別為20019×10-15m2/N和17500×10-15 m2/N。這樣不僅找到了高能量密度的成分點(diǎn),而且深化了人們對(duì)該體系材料相變特性的認(rèn)識(shí)。然后,基于“共振可以產(chǎn)生最大的能量輸出、沖擊可以激發(fā)出所有頻率的振動(dòng)、一階彎曲振動(dòng)振幅和份額最大”等振動(dòng)學(xué)基本規(guī)律,設(shè)計(jì)并成功搭建了“彈性球-沖擊”的基本沖擊實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái),研究了諸參數(shù)對(duì)彈性球沖擊壓電振子俘能單元能量輸出特性的影響規(guī)律。通過實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于沖擊型壓電振子,銅片和陶瓷片的任一尺寸改變都會(huì)對(duì)輸出電壓產(chǎn)生一定影響;當(dāng)其他尺寸一定時(shí),銅片的厚度在一定范圍內(nèi)對(duì)輸出的電壓有重要影響。在此基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了兩款利用沖擊產(chǎn)生機(jī)械振動(dòng)的旋轉(zhuǎn)型壓電俘能裝置。其中,水平旋轉(zhuǎn)式能量收集裝置采用內(nèi)多邊形結(jié)構(gòu),通過改變壓電振子的數(shù)量控制壓電懸臂梁組成的內(nèi)多邊形的大小,通過尺寸設(shè)計(jì)就可將每次彈性球沖擊的位置限制在一階彎曲共振點(diǎn)附近,即有效地將沖擊區(qū)域限制在壓電懸臂梁的一階彎振模態(tài)上,從而大大提高了輸出功率和發(fā)電效率。垂直旋轉(zhuǎn)式的旋轉(zhuǎn)軸采用垂直水平面安置,葉片安裝方式類似達(dá)里厄(darrieus)型風(fēng)車。其優(yōu)點(diǎn)在于全風(fēng)向旋轉(zhuǎn),不用對(duì)風(fēng)向,因而具有高的風(fēng)能利用率;此外,彈性球在旋轉(zhuǎn)隔板作用下撞擊壓電振子端部,形成沖擊并反彈,在隔板與壓電振子形成的空腔內(nèi)交替作用于隔板和壓電振子,解決了大風(fēng)速下由于離心力產(chǎn)生的停轉(zhuǎn)問題;而且,多自由球和多振子設(shè)置,形成機(jī)械能向電能的并行轉(zhuǎn)換,有利于提高輸出功率。
[Abstract]:Using clean and abundant natural wind energy and piezoelectric materials with high energy density, the design of energy collection devices for small electronic devices and wireless sensor network nodes has attracted more and more attention.However, the low efficiency of energy conversion has always restricted the wide application of piezoelectric energy collection devices.The main reasons are as follows: first, as the core of the whole piezoelectric energy collection device, the piezoelectric material itself must meet the requirements of high power energy output, that is, it should have a higher energy conversion coefficient (D33 g 33).The structure of piezoelectric energy collection device plays an important role in improving energy conversion efficiency.In this paper, material and structure are improved to obtain piezoelectric materials with high energy conversion coefficient and piezoelectric energy collection device with high electromechanical conversion efficiency.In order to solve the problem of low efficiency and output power of small wind power piezoelectric power generation device.Firstly, on the basis of 0.8Pb(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O3 / 0.1PZN 0.1PNN, an experimental composition point was determined by changing the Zr:Ti content ratio, that is, 0.8Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3 / 0.1PZT (0.1PNN), to prepare ceramic samples.By comparing the XRD spectra of ceramic samples at these composition points, the obvious "tri-tetragonal" transition process was found and the phase transition point was found.At Zr:Ti=52:48 and Zr:Ti=50:50, two higher d33g33 components were obtained, corresponding d33g33 values were 20019 脳 10-15m2/N and 17500 脳 10-15 m2 / N, respectively.In this way, not only the component points with high energy density are found, but also the understanding of the phase transition characteristics of the system is deepened.Then, based on the fundamental laws of vibration, such as "resonance can produce maximum energy output, shock can excite vibration of all frequencies, the amplitude and share of first-order bending vibration is the largest".The basic impact experimental platform of "elastic sphere impact" was designed and successfully built. The influence of various parameters on the energy output characteristics of piezoelectric vibrator was studied.It is found that any change of the size of the copper and ceramic plates will have a certain effect on the output voltage for the shock piezoelectric vibrator, and the thickness of the copper sheet will have an important effect on the output voltage in a certain range when the other dimensions are fixed.On this basis, two rotating piezoelectric energy capture devices are designed to generate mechanical vibration by impact.Among them, the horizontal rotary energy collection device adopts the inner polygon structure. By changing the number of piezoelectric vibrators, the size of the inner polygon of the piezoelectric cantilever beam is controlled.Through the dimension design, the position of each impact of elastic sphere can be limited to the first order bending resonance point, that is, the impact area can be effectively confined to the first order bending vibration mode of piezoelectric cantilever beam, thus the output power and generation efficiency can be greatly improved.The vertical rotary shaft is installed in a vertical horizontal plane, and the blade is installed in a similar manner to the Darieu darrieus-type windmill.The advantages are that the whole wind direction is rotated and the wind direction is not used, so that the wind energy utilization rate is high; in addition, the elastic ball impinges on the end of the piezoelectric vibrator under the action of the rotating diaphragm to form an impact and bounce back.The cavity formed by the diaphragm and piezoelectric vibrator alternately acts on the diaphragm and piezoelectric vibrator, which solves the problem of stopping due to centrifugal force at high wind speed; moreover, the setting of multiple free balls and oscillators forms a parallel conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy.It is propitious to increase the output power.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM282;TM619

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前9條

1 葉曉軍;周海峰;王榮杰;唐俊;;熱電發(fā)電技術(shù)的研究進(jìn)展[J];應(yīng)用能源技術(shù);2014年08期

2 張小鳳;練澎;李大光;;改進(jìn)的固相法低溫制備PZT壓電陶瓷[J];科技致富向?qū)?2014年23期

3 李學(xué)明;張軼群;陳偉;;壓電陶瓷表面金屬化工藝的改進(jìn)[J];電子元件與材料;2011年10期

4 唐剛;劉景全;馬華安;柳和生;;微型壓電振動(dòng)能量采集器的研究進(jìn)展[J];機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)與研究;2010年04期

5 杜克相;潘中印;段亞玲;;壓電陶瓷的極化原理和測(cè)試方法[J];石油儀器;2010年04期

6 唐可洪;闞君武;任玉;王淑云;朱國(guó)仁;邵承會(huì);;壓電發(fā)電裝置的功率分析與試驗(yàn)[J];吉林大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(工學(xué)版);2009年06期

7 毛劍波;易茂祥;;PZT壓電陶瓷極化工藝研究[J];壓電與聲光;2006年06期

8 梁永斌;李瑜煜;;熱電發(fā)電器的研究進(jìn)展[J];應(yīng)用能源技術(shù);2006年10期

9 王春娟,李光耀,劉向春,謝述鋒,田長(zhǎng)生;PMN-PZN-PZT四元系壓電陶瓷材料的研究[J];電子元件與材料;2004年12期

，

本文編號(hào)：1752580