微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)建模及其保護方案的研究
本文選題:微電網(wǎng) + 微電源; 參考:《內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:微電網(wǎng)是一種新型的單一可控的配電網(wǎng)單元,它可以通過自身的控制策略有效的協(xié)調(diào)調(diào)度其內(nèi)部的分布式微電源,最大程度的減少分布式微電源單獨接入電網(wǎng)時所產(chǎn)生的弊端,從而保證分布式微電源大規(guī)模的高效利用。 但是,由于微電網(wǎng)在不同運行模式下所表現(xiàn)出的故障特征有所不同,,這使得傳統(tǒng)的依靠電流模值作為判斷條件的三段式電流保護難以作為微電網(wǎng)保護方案,并有效滿足配電網(wǎng)保護的四個標準即:選擇性、可靠性、靈敏性、速動性。因此,微電網(wǎng)保護技術(shù)成為微電網(wǎng)取得進一步發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵,同時也成為微電網(wǎng)研究的熱點問題。 本文以PSCAD/EMTDC為仿真環(huán)境,以分布式微電源和微電網(wǎng)的建模、控制與保護為研究對象。首先,分析說明了分布式電源逆變器的數(shù)學(xué)模型以及拓撲結(jié)構(gòu),認真研究了分布式電源逆變器的P/Q控制以及基于下垂特性的V/f控制,并在PSCAD中建立了這兩種分布式電源的仿真模型,仿真其輸出特性,為進一步的研究打好基礎(chǔ)。然后,完成了包含光伏發(fā)電裝置,直驅(qū)式風(fēng)力發(fā)電機組,蓄電池儲能單元的低壓微電網(wǎng)模型的分析與建立,并完成了如下仿真實驗:改變環(huán)境因素觀察微電源功率輸出的改變對于微電網(wǎng)運行的影響,平滑轉(zhuǎn)換孤島運行與并網(wǎng)運行之間的運行狀態(tài)以及離網(wǎng)狀態(tài)下完成投切負荷等狀況對微電網(wǎng)運行帶來的影響,進而驗證了微電網(wǎng)模型建立的合理性以及運行的穩(wěn)定性。理論分析了微電網(wǎng)特殊的故障特征,并針對簡單的微電網(wǎng)模型進行了仿真實驗,驗證了微電網(wǎng)在不同運行模式下,特殊的故障特征。最后,闡述了繼電保護中的電流差動保護和反時限過電流保護的基本原理,并依靠仿真軟件中的元件建立了二者的保護模塊,以保護模塊為基礎(chǔ),詳細論述了微電網(wǎng)在聯(lián)網(wǎng)和孤島的不同運行狀態(tài)下的饋線保護方案,并輔以仿真實驗,佐證了所提出的保護模塊和保護策略的合理性以及有效性。
[Abstract]:Microgrid is a new type of single controllable distribution network unit. It can effectively coordinate and dispatch its internal distributed micro-power through its own control strategy, and minimize the disadvantages of the distributed micro-power alone when it is connected to the grid.In order to ensure a large-scale and efficient use of distributed micro-power.However, due to the different fault characteristics of microgrid in different operation modes, it is difficult for the traditional three-section current protection which depends on the current mode value as the judgment condition to be used as the microgrid protection scheme.And meet the four standards of distribution network protection, namely, selectivity, reliability, sensitivity and quickness.Therefore, microgrid protection technology has become the key to the further development of microgrid, and has also become a hot issue in microgrid research.In this paper, PSCAD/EMTDC is taken as the simulation environment, and the modeling, control and protection of distributed micro-power and microgrid are taken as the research object.Firstly, the mathematical model and topology of distributed power inverter are analyzed, and the P / Q control and V / F control based on droop characteristic of distributed power source inverter are studied.The simulation models of these two distributed power sources are established in PSCAD, and the output characteristics are simulated, which lays a good foundation for further research.Then, the analysis and establishment of the low-voltage microgrid model including photovoltaic generation unit, direct-drive wind turbine and storage battery unit are completed.The following simulation experiments have been completed: changing the environmental factors to observe the influence of the power output of the micro-power supply on the operation of the microgrid.The special fault characteristics of microgrid are analyzed theoretically, and the simulation experiments on simple microgrid model are carried out to verify the special fault characteristics of microgrid in different operation modes.Finally, the basic principles of current differential protection and reverse time overcurrent protection in relay protection are expounded, and the protection modules are established based on the components in simulation software.The feeder protection scheme of microgrid in different operation states of interconnection and isolated islands is discussed in detail, and the simulation results show that the proposed protection module and protection strategy are reasonable and effective.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:TM727
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