本文選題：染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池 + 染料��； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池是一種新型、無(wú)污染的清潔能源,其成本低、制作工藝簡(jiǎn)單、光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率較高,引起了全世界科研工作者的廣泛關(guān)注。本論文合成三個(gè)體系的新型染料作為光敏劑、導(dǎo)電聚合物和摻雜石墨烯材料作為對(duì)電極應(yīng)用于染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池(DSSC),主要的研究?jī)?nèi)容和結(jié)果如下：(1)設(shè)計(jì)并合成了兩個(gè)基于二苯并噻吩π橋,三苯胺電子給體,腈基乙酸電子受體的染料。烷基鏈的存在能有效的抑制染料聚集和電荷復(fù)合,從而提高了開路電壓。(2)設(shè)計(jì)并合成了兩個(gè)基于4,8-二噻吩苯并[1,2-b：4,5-b']二噻吩的同分異構(gòu)體染料,在其垂直的兩個(gè)方向分別構(gòu)建交叉共軛化合物。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),電荷在平行苯并二噻吩(I2)方向的傳輸強(qiáng)度要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于垂直苯并二噻吩(I1)方向的傳輸。因此,I2的短路電流和光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率比I1都要高。(3)設(shè)計(jì)并合成了三個(gè)以烷氧基鏈相連的3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)衍生物作為π共軛橋的同分異構(gòu)體的雙D-π-A染料,太陽(yáng)能電池的性能依賴于EDOT中烷氧基的連接位置。在這三種異構(gòu)體當(dāng)中,H1(兩個(gè)烷氧基的連接位點(diǎn)都靠近給體)表現(xiàn)出最高的效率(8.06%),H2(一個(gè)烷氧基的連接位點(diǎn)靠近給體,一個(gè)烷氧基的連接位點(diǎn)靠近受體)具有較低的效率,H3(兩個(gè)烷氧基的連接位點(diǎn)都靠近受體)具有最低的效率。(4)合成了一種帶有雙功能基團(tuán)的3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)衍生物,通過(guò)電化學(xué)聚合的方法原位制備了一種具有液晶性質(zhì)導(dǎo)電聚合物薄膜。分子有序使液晶聚合物膜的載流子遷移率高,因此有較高的電催化活性。當(dāng)作為陰極材料應(yīng)用到染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池中,獲得了8.08%的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率,同比條件下,鉑陰極的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率為7.69%。(5)合成了一種N,B-摻雜的石墨烯應(yīng)用于染料敏化太陽(yáng)能電池,該石墨烯具有較高的比表面積和較高的電催化活性。其電催化活性隨著摻雜B元素的摻雜含量的增加而增加,當(dāng)達(dá)到一定量后,隨著B元素的摻雜含量的增加而減小。最好的摻雜石墨烯對(duì)電極獲得了8.09%的光電轉(zhuǎn)化效率,同比條件下,鉑陰極的光電轉(zhuǎn)換效率為7.54%。
[Abstract]:Dye-sensitized solar cells are a new type of clean energy without pollution. They have the advantages of low cost, simple fabrication process and high efficiency of photoelectric conversion, which have attracted the attention of researchers all over the world.In this paper, three new dyes were synthesized as Guang Min.Conductive polymers and graphene doped materials are used as counter electrodes for dye sensitized solar cells. The main research contents and results are as follows: 1) two electron donors based on dibenzothiophene 蟺 bridge and trianiline were designed and synthesized.A dye used as an electron receptor for nitrile acetic acid.The existence of alkyl chain can effectively inhibit dye aggregation and charge recombination, thus increasing the open circuit voltage. 2) two isomer dyes based on 4N 8 dithiophene benzo [1n 2 b: 4 n 5 b'] dithiophene have been designed and synthesized.Cross conjugate compounds were constructed in their perpendicular directions.It is found that the transport intensity of charge in the parallel direction of benzodithiophene I _ (2) is much higher than that in the vertical direction of benzodithiophene I _ (1).Therefore, the short circuit current and photoelectric conversion efficiency of I2 are both higher than that of I1.) three D- 蟺 -A dyes of isomers with alkoxyl chains connected by 3- 4-ethyldioxothiophene EDOT-) were designed and synthesized as 蟺 -conjugated isomers.The performance of solar cells depends on the connection position of alkoxy groups in EDOT.Of the three isomers, the H 1 (where the two alkoxyl groups are close to the donor) exhibits the highest efficiency of 8.06% H 2 (one alkoxy site near the donor).A alkoxy group with a binding site close to the receptor has a lower efficiency (both alkoxy sites are close to the receptor) and has the lowest efficiency. An EDOT derivative with a bifunctional group has been synthesized.A conductive polymer film with liquid crystal property was prepared by electrochemical polymerization in situ.The molecular ordering results in high carrier mobility of liquid crystalline polymer films and therefore has high electrocatalytic activity.When used as cathode material in dye sensitized solar cells, the photoconversion efficiency of 8.08% was obtained, and the photoconversion efficiency of platinum cathode was 7.69.5) a new kind of graphene doped with NB- was synthesized for dye sensitized solar cells.The graphene has high specific surface area and high electrocatalytic activity.The electrocatalytic activity increases with the increase of doping content of B element, and decreases with the increase of doping content of element B when a certain amount is reached.The photoconversion efficiency of the best doped graphene electrode is 8.09%, and the photoconversion efficiency of platinum cathode is 7.54%.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM914.4

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