本文選題：永磁同步電機(jī) + 無(wú)速度傳感器　； 參考：《湖南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：永磁同步電動(dòng)機(jī)具有體積小、控制特性好、功率因數(shù)高、可靠性高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),使其在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域及民用方面的應(yīng)用日益廣泛。永磁同步電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子初始位置的準(zhǔn)確性是影響其能否成功啟動(dòng)和啟動(dòng)力矩大小的決定性因素，若不能準(zhǔn)確檢測(cè)，則會(huì)導(dǎo)致電機(jī)啟動(dòng)電流過(guò)大、啟動(dòng)反轉(zhuǎn)甚至無(wú)法啟動(dòng)等問(wèn)題。在傳統(tǒng)的永磁同步電機(jī)運(yùn)動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)中，轉(zhuǎn)子位置信息是通過(guò)機(jī)械式傳感器來(lái)獲得，然而機(jī)械式傳感器在價(jià)格、工作環(huán)境和可靠性等方面存在一些制約因素，因此永磁同步電機(jī)無(wú)速度傳感器控制系統(tǒng)中轉(zhuǎn)子初始位置檢測(cè)策略的研究具有較大的工程意義。 本文主要針對(duì)面貼式永磁同步電機(jī)無(wú)速度傳感器控制的轉(zhuǎn)子初始位置檢測(cè)問(wèn)題展開(kāi)相關(guān)研究。 首先陳述了永磁同步電機(jī)及其相關(guān)控制的發(fā)展現(xiàn)況和其轉(zhuǎn)子初始位置檢測(cè)的工程價(jià)值，并闡述了永磁同步電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)所需的基本理論知識(shí)，分析了永磁同步電機(jī)矢量控制及基于滑模觀測(cè)器的無(wú)速度傳感器控制。 然后主要研究永磁同步電機(jī)無(wú)速度傳感器控制的轉(zhuǎn)子初始位置檢測(cè)方法，對(duì)常用的預(yù)定位法、高頻信號(hào)注入法和電壓矢量注入法進(jìn)行了研究，通過(guò)數(shù)學(xué)模型及相關(guān)理論推導(dǎo)其原理并分析其優(yōu)劣點(diǎn)。重點(diǎn)對(duì)電壓矢量注入檢測(cè)面貼式永磁同步電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子初始位置的方法展開(kāi)深入研究。在分析了利用繞組電感飽和效應(yīng)來(lái)檢測(cè)面貼式永磁同步電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子初始位置角有效性的基礎(chǔ)上，提出電壓矢量注入檢測(cè)方法，并針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)電壓矢量注入檢測(cè)方法準(zhǔn)確性和可靠性低的問(wèn)題，提出在處理第二波電壓矢量時(shí)，利用反方向電感規(guī)律增加限制條件，且第二波電壓矢量后，增大電壓矢量的作用時(shí)間以增大電流峰值，從而增強(qiáng)轉(zhuǎn)子增去磁效果和各矢量電流的差異性，共同作用以提高轉(zhuǎn)子初始位置檢測(cè)的精確可靠性。 最后構(gòu)建了以TI公司的TMS320F28335芯片為核心的實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)，給出了本文提出的面貼式永磁同步電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子初始位置檢測(cè)方法實(shí)驗(yàn)的數(shù)據(jù)和結(jié)果。利用預(yù)定位方法來(lái)佐證實(shí)驗(yàn)檢測(cè)準(zhǔn)確性，，分析對(duì)比電壓矢量注入法改進(jìn)前后的檢測(cè)結(jié)果。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了本文分析設(shè)計(jì)的可行性和有效性，表明改進(jìn)后的檢測(cè)方法不僅能保證電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子完全靜止，而且大幅度增強(qiáng)了初始位置角檢測(cè)的可靠性，檢測(cè)精度從原有的7.5°提高到1.8°，具有較大的工程實(shí)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has many advantages such as small size, good control characteristics, high power factor and high reliability.The accuracy of the rotor initial position of PMSM is the decisive factor to influence its successful starting and starting torque. If it can not be detected accurately, it will lead to the problems such as too large starting current, starting reversal or even unable to start.In the traditional PMSM motion control system, the rotor position information is obtained through the mechanical sensor. However, the mechanical sensor has some constraints in price, working environment and reliability.Therefore, it is of great engineering significance to study the detection strategy of rotor initial position in the sensorless control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM).This paper mainly focuses on the rotor initial position detection problem of surface mount permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with sensorless speed control.Firstly, the development status of PMSM and its related control and the engineering value of rotor initial position detection are described, and the basic theoretical knowledge of PMSM control system is expounded.Vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motor and sensorless speed control based on sliding mode observer are analyzed.Secondly, the paper mainly studies the rotor initial position detection method of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with sensorless speed control, and studies the commonly used preset position method, high frequency signal injection method and voltage vector injection method.Its principle is deduced by mathematical model and related theory, and its merits and demerits are analyzed.The method of detecting the initial rotor position of surface mount permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with voltage vector injection is studied in detail.Based on the analysis of the effectiveness of detecting the rotor initial position angle of the surface mount permanent magnet synchronous motor by using the winding inductance saturation effect, a voltage vector injection detection method is proposed.Aiming at the problem of low accuracy and reliability of traditional voltage vector injection detection method, it is proposed that when dealing with the second wave voltage vector, the limitation condition is increased by using the law of the reverse direction inductor, and the second wave voltage vector is obtained after the second wave voltage vector is processed.Increasing the working time of the voltage vector to increase the peak value of the current, thus enhancing the demagnetization effect of the rotor and the difference of the current of each vector, and working together to improve the accuracy and reliability of the rotor initial position detection.Finally, an experimental platform based on TI's TMS320F28335 chip is constructed, and the experimental data and results of the proposed method for detecting the rotor initial position of the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are presented in this paper.The predefined bit method is used to verify the accuracy of the experiment, and the results before and after the improvement of the voltage vector injection method are analyzed and compared.The experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the analysis and design in this paper. It is shown that the improved detection method can not only guarantee the motor rotor to be completely static, but also greatly enhance the reliability of the initial position angle detection.The detection accuracy is improved from 7.5 擄to 1.8 擄, which is of great practical value in engineering.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM341

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