本文選題：PMSM　切入點：SVPWM　出處：《電子科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：國家“十二五”規(guī)劃綱要明確提出要大力發(fā)展節(jié)能環(huán)保新型產(chǎn)業(yè),其中電機系統(tǒng)節(jié)能是我國的重點節(jié)能工程。近年來,永磁同步電機憑借自身的優(yōu)點在航空航天、軍工武器系統(tǒng)、數(shù)控機床等對電機性能和控制精度要求較高的領(lǐng)域和場合占據(jù)了主導(dǎo)地位,因此對永磁同步電機伺服系統(tǒng)的研究具有非常重要的社會經(jīng)濟意義。以矢量控制為基礎(chǔ),針對低成本應(yīng)用場合設(shè)計開發(fā)了一套基于霍爾傳感器的小功率永磁同步電機伺服控制系統(tǒng)。同時,為了補償霍爾傳感器位置檢測精度的不足,從硬件和軟件兩方面對其進行了優(yōu)化。硬件方面,提出了一種霍爾位置自動整定的方法,使霍爾中斷處的轉(zhuǎn)子位置角度更加準(zhǔn)確;軟件方面,提出了一種相位差動態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)的方法,使驅(qū)動信號相位與轉(zhuǎn)子位置同步性更高。采用id=0的矢量控制策略,介紹了控制系統(tǒng)的軟硬件結(jié)構(gòu),并詳細闡述了主要功能模塊的設(shè)計原理和實現(xiàn)方法。針對電機伺服控制系統(tǒng)的一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù),也進行了研究。電機驅(qū)動算法采用了空間矢量脈寬調(diào)制(SVPWM)技術(shù),SVPWM電壓利用率高、損耗低、響應(yīng)快、易于數(shù)字化實現(xiàn),而且對電機低速運行過程中的電磁轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動有很好的抑制作用;電流檢測采用了一種基于兩個采樣電阻獲取三相電流的檢測方法,并對采樣頻率和采樣時間進行了研究;采用了能耗制動的方法實現(xiàn)電機制動,并通過適當(dāng)?shù)目刂扑惴ㄔO(shè)計避免了制動過程中瞬時大電流對系統(tǒng)的危害。運用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真軟件建立了系統(tǒng)模型,對采用的系統(tǒng)控制策略進行了仿真研究,得到了系統(tǒng)的轉(zhuǎn)矩、轉(zhuǎn)速、三相電流等仿真波形,通過對仿真結(jié)果的評估,驗證了系統(tǒng)方案的正確性和可行性。以電機專用控制芯片STM32F103RBT6和電機驅(qū)動芯片IR2136為核心,設(shè)計完成了硬件系統(tǒng);基于上述控制算法和仿真結(jié)果,設(shè)計實現(xiàn)了控制器軟件系統(tǒng)。由MTS-I電機測試系統(tǒng)的測試結(jié)果表明,本系統(tǒng)達到了設(shè)計要求,實現(xiàn)了設(shè)計指標(biāo),取得了良好的伺服控制精度和控制品質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:According to the outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan, the new industry of energy saving and environmental protection should be developed vigorously, among which the energy saving of motor system is the key energy saving project in our country.In recent years, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has played a leading role in aerospace, military weapon systems, CNC machine tools and other fields and occasions in which the performance and control accuracy of PMSM are required to be high.Therefore, the research of PMSM servo system has very important social and economic significance.Based on vector control, a low power PMSM servo control system based on Hall sensor is designed and developed for low cost applications.At the same time, in order to compensate for the deficiency of position detection precision of Hall sensor, the hardware and software are optimized.In the aspect of hardware, an automatic adjusting method of Hall position is put forward to make the rotor position angle of Hall interrupt more accurate. In software, a method of dynamic adjustment of phase difference is proposed.Drive signal phase and rotor position synchronization higher.The software and hardware structure of the control system is introduced by using the vector control strategy of id=0, and the design principle and implementation method of the main functional modules are described in detail.Some key technologies of motor servo control system are also studied.Space Vector Pulse width Modulation (SVPWM) technique is used to drive the motor. The SVPWM has the advantages of high voltage utilization, low loss, fast response, easy to realize digitally, and it can restrain the electromagnetic torque ripple during the low speed operation of the motor.A method of obtaining three-phase current based on two sampling resistors is adopted in current detection, and the sampling frequency and sampling time are studied, and the method of energy consumption braking is used to realize motor braking.The control algorithm is designed to avoid the harm of the instantaneous high current in the braking process.The system model is established by using MATLAB/SIMULINK software, and the system control strategy is simulated. The simulation waveforms of the system, such as torque, rotational speed, three-phase current and so on, are obtained, and the simulation results are evaluated.The correctness and feasibility of the system are verified.The hardware system is designed based on the special control chip STM32F103RBT6 and the motor drive chip IR2136, and the controller software system is designed and implemented based on the above control algorithm and simulation results.The test results of MTS-I motor test system show that the system meets the design requirements, achieves the design targets, and achieves good servo control accuracy and control quality.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM341
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本文編號：1727529