本文選題：H橋　切入點：死區(qū)　出處：《浙江大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：大規(guī)模開發(fā)使用可再生新能源、電動汽車、電力機車可以在一定程度上緩解化石能源的日益短缺以及消耗傳統(tǒng)能源帶來的環(huán)境惡化問題。大容量變流器是規(guī)�；履茉措娏ο到y(tǒng)、電動汽車驅(qū)動系統(tǒng)、電力機車牽引傳動系統(tǒng)的核心部件,與它相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題包括電能質(zhì)量問題、拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)、并聯(lián)技術(shù)與多電平技術(shù)。本文圍繞這些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題,在總結(jié)、歸納當前研究現(xiàn)狀和技術(shù)發(fā)展的基礎上,主要對以下幾個方面進行深入研究：共直流母線并聯(lián)逆變器系統(tǒng)(PIS)的運行方式、前級級聯(lián)后級并聯(lián)型模塊化AC-DC-DC變換器拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)以及運行方式、H橋死區(qū)消除正弦脈寬調(diào)制(SPWM)、六半橋(3H橋)逆變器電路拓撲及其死區(qū)消除空間電壓矢量脈寬調(diào)制(SVPWM)等。 首先,論文針對適用于大容量并網(wǎng)逆變器或是不間斷電源(UPS)的共直流母線PIS的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)提出了理想無環(huán)流運行方式。本文為UPS用共直流母線PIS輸出端建立數(shù)學模型,并且設計了兩種包含電壓外環(huán)以及電流內(nèi)環(huán)的雙閉環(huán)控制方法。另外,詳細分析了信號傳輸延時引起各并聯(lián)單元之間的環(huán)流,并提出了相應的解決措施。 其次,論文針對適用于將交流高壓變換為直流低壓的前級級聯(lián)后級并聯(lián)型模塊化AC-DC-DC變換器,討論了輸出均流與前級輸入均壓之間的約束關(guān)系,并且理論分析與實驗驗證了前級級聯(lián)型PWM整流器輸入輸出均壓與前級各直流輸出端等效電阻之間關(guān)系,從而得出一個能同時滿足后級輸出均流與前級輸入輸出均壓的方案。同時,論文提出了前級級聯(lián)PWM整流器與后級DC-DC并聯(lián)系統(tǒng)的控制方法。 再次,論文基于H橋拓撲結(jié)構(gòu)提出了用于每個開關(guān)周期內(nèi)能夠改變同一橋臂上下開關(guān)管互補導通的新型開關(guān)策略。利用新型開關(guān)策略的特點,提出了死區(qū)消除SPWM方案,并對方案中的關(guān)鍵點即如何精確判斷逆變器輸出電流極性做了詳細的介紹。死區(qū)消除SPWM能夠被應用于共直流母線PIS以及級聯(lián)PWM整流器中。 最后,論文借鑒單相全橋逆變器相對于半橋逆變器的優(yōu)勢,將三半橋三相逆變器改造為3H橋三相逆變器。雖然3H橋逆變器中的開關(guān)管承受的電壓電流應力與三半橋逆變器相同,但是在直流側(cè)電壓相同的情況下,3H橋逆變器相比三半橋逆變器輸出的最大功率提高了一倍,具有擴容效果。針對3H橋三相逆變器的拓撲結(jié)構(gòu),提出了與之匹配的死區(qū)消除SVPWM方案,并為其輸出端口設計了直接驅(qū)動負載與采用工頻隔離變壓器阻斷零序電流流通的兩種接線方式。
[Abstract]:The large-scale development and use of renewable new energy, electric vehicles and electric locomotives can to some extent alleviate the increasing shortage of fossil energy and the deterioration of the environment caused by the consumption of traditional energy.Large capacity converter is the core component of large-scale new energy power system, electric vehicle driving system and electric locomotive traction drive system. The key technical problems related to it include power quality problem, topology structure, and so on.Parallel technology and multilevel technology.On the basis of summing up the current research situation and the development of technology, this paper focuses on the following aspects: the operation mode of the common DC busbar parallel inverter system (PISs).The topology and operation mode of the former cascaded hind parallel modular AC-DC-DC converter are used to eliminate the sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM), the six-half bridge / 3H) inverter topology and its dead-time elimination space voltage vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM).Firstly, this paper proposes an ideal non-circulation operation mode for the topology of a common-DC busbar PIS for large capacity grid-connected inverters or uninterruptible power supply (ups).In this paper, a mathematical model is established for UPS with a common DC bus PIS output, and two kinds of double closed loop control methods including voltage outer loop and current inner loop are designed.In addition, the circulation between parallel units caused by signal transmission delay is analyzed in detail, and the corresponding solutions are put forward.Secondly, this paper discusses the constraint relationship between output current sharing and input voltage sharing for the former cascade and rear stage parallel modular AC-DC-DC converter, which is suitable for converting AC high voltage to DC low voltage.The theoretical analysis and experiment verify the relationship between the input and output voltage of the cascade PWM rectifier and the equivalent resistance of each DC output end of the former stage. Thus, a scheme that can satisfy the current sharing of the back stage and the input and output voltage of the previous stage is obtained.At the same time, the paper presents the control method of the former cascade PWM rectifier and the rear stage DC-DC parallel system.Thirdly, based on the H-bridge topology, a novel switching strategy is proposed, which can change the complementary conduction of the upper and lower switches of the same arm in each switching cycle.Based on the characteristics of the new switching strategy, a dead-time elimination SPWM scheme is proposed. The key point of the scheme is how to accurately judge the polarity of the output current of the inverter.Dead-time cancellation SPWM can be used in common DC bus PIS and cascade PWM rectifier.Finally, using the advantage of single-phase full-bridge inverter compared with half-bridge inverter, the three-half-bridge three-phase inverter is transformed into 3H-bridge three-phase inverter.Although the voltage and current stress of the switching tube in the 3H bridge inverter is the same as that of the tri-bridge inverter, the maximum output power of the 3H bridge inverter is doubled compared with that of the tri-half-bridge inverter under the same DC voltage.The utility model has the effect of capacity expansion.Aiming at the topology structure of 3H bridge three-phase inverter, a matched dead-time elimination SVPWM scheme is proposed, and two connection modes of direct driving load and blocking zero sequence current flow with power frequency isolation transformer are designed for its output port.
【學位授予單位】：浙江大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM46

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