本文選題：H2和CO　切入點(diǎn)：氧化銅摻雜　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：油中溶解特征氣體分析是對電力變壓器進(jìn)行狀態(tài)檢修的有效方法之一，氫氣(H2)和一氧化碳(CO)屬于變壓器油中溶解的主要故障特征氣體，能有效反應(yīng)電力變壓器的電性、熱性故障或油紙絕緣問題。氣體傳感技術(shù)是實(shí)現(xiàn)油中溶解氣體在線分析的關(guān)鍵。半導(dǎo)體二氧化錫氣體傳感器因具有成本低、靈敏度高且易于維修等優(yōu)勢而受到了廣泛的關(guān)注。為了解決目前半導(dǎo)體傳感器存在的穩(wěn)定性、選擇性差和使用壽命短等諸多問題，開始采用一些新型的氣體傳感技術(shù)對油中溶解氣體進(jìn)行在線監(jiān)測，以達(dá)到實(shí)際工程應(yīng)用的要求。 深入研究氣體傳感器及其檢測特性對提升傳感器的氣體檢測技術(shù)具有重要意義。論文針對氧化銅和氧化鋅摻雜的二氧化錫基納米氣體傳感器對氣體H2和CO的氣體檢測特性，介紹其制備方法和實(shí)驗(yàn)步驟，并利用X射線衍射(XRD)、場發(fā)射掃描電鏡(FESEM)、透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)以及高分辨率的透射電鏡(HRTEM)對制備的CuO-SnO2、ZnO-SnO2及SnO2納米粉末進(jìn)行形貌表征分析，分析其氣敏機(jī)理。結(jié)果表明： ①通過形貌表征分析得出：CuO-SnO2納米材料的氣敏性能提高是由于p-n結(jié)與肖特基勢壘之間的變換以及吸附氧和異質(zhì)結(jié)的影響。ZnO-SnO2材料性能的改變主要是由于ZnO的摻雜形成了異質(zhì)結(jié)并改變了晶粒大小；異質(zhì)結(jié)的產(chǎn)生促進(jìn)了電子的遷移，加強(qiáng)了氣敏特性；晶粒直徑的減小，導(dǎo)致比表面積增大，從而使傳感器的氣敏響應(yīng)特性提高。 ②通過氣敏實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)，相比SnO2納米傳感器，本文研究的CuO-SnO2和ZnO-SnO2新型納米氣體傳感器對油中溶解氣體H2和CO具更高的靈敏度和分辨力，線性度、穩(wěn)定性及響應(yīng)-恢復(fù)特性好，最佳工作溫度也有所降低。傳感器的靈敏度隨著工作溫度的提高而增大，，當(dāng)溫度過高時(shí)，即工作溫度大于其最佳工作溫度，高溫使材料表面的化學(xué)吸附氧的解吸速率大于其吸附速率，導(dǎo)致靈敏度降低。同時(shí)，CuO-SnO2和ZnO-SnO2納米氣體傳感器對H2和CO具有較好的選擇性，能有效地將這兩種氣體與CH4、C2H6、C2H4和C2H2氣體進(jìn)行區(qū)分。 ③本文研究的CuO-SnO2和ZnO-SnO2納米氣體傳感器有效提升了對變壓器油中溶解H2和CO氣體的氣敏特性，為復(fù)合二氧化錫基氣體傳感器的研究提供了一種新的思路。
[Abstract]:Analysis of dissolved gas in oil is one of the effective methods for condition maintenance of power transformer, hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) belongs to the main fault gases dissolved in transformer oil, electric power transformer can effectively response, thermal insulation fault or oil. The gas sensing technology is a key analysis solution the oil gas line. Two semiconductor oxide gas sensor with low cost, high sensitivity and easy maintenance and other advantages have attracted much attention. In order to solve the stability of semiconductor sensors exist, such as short service life and poor selectivity to many problems, the on-line monitoring of dissolved gas in oil by using some new gas sensing technology, to meet the requirements of practical engineering application.
Further study of gas sensor and its detection performance has important significance to improve the sensor gas detection technique. The characteristics of gas detection sensor two tin oxide based nano gas in copper oxide and doped H2 gas on Zinc Oxide and CO, introduced the preparation methods and experimental steps, and using X ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) on the preparation of CuO-SnO2, ZnO-SnO2 and SnO2 nano powder morphology characterization analysis, analysis results show that the gas sensing mechanism:
The morphology characterization analysis: to improve gas sensing properties of CuO-SnO2 nano material is due to p-n between the junction and the Schottky barrier transform and change affect the adsorption of oxygen and the heterojunction properties of.ZnO-SnO2 materials is mainly due to the formation of ZnO doped heterojunction and change the grain size; electron migration promoted heterostructure. Strengthen the gas sensitivity; decrease of grain diameter, resulting in increased surface area, so that the gas sensor response characteristic is improved.
The gas sensing experiments show that compared with SnO2 nano sensor, sensitivity of CuO-SnO2 and ZnO-SnO2 nano gas sensor research on higher dissolved gas in oil H2 and CO with the resolution and linearity, stability and response recovery characteristics, the optimum temperature is reduced. The sensitivity of the sensor increases with the work the increase of temperature, when the temperature is too high, the working temperature is greater than that of its best working temperature, high temperature and the chemical adsorption oxygen desorption rate of material surface is greater than the adsorption rate, lower sensitivity. At the same time, CuO-SnO2 and ZnO-SnO2 nano gas sensor has good selectivity to H2 and CO, can effectively separate the two gases and CH4, C2H6, C2H4 and C2H2 to distinguish gas.
(3) the CuO-SnO2 and ZnO-SnO2 nano gas sensors studied in this paper effectively enhance the gas sensing characteristics of dissolved H2 and CO gas in transformer oil, and provide a new way for the study of composite two tin oxide based gas sensors.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM41;TP212

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本文編號：1706310