發(fā)布時間：2018-03-31 01:09

  本文選題：純電動汽車　切入點：永磁同步電機　出處：《合肥工業(yè)大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：純電動汽車的永磁驅(qū)動電機是其關(guān)鍵部件之一，它關(guān)系到整車動力性、操作性及NVH性能，而驅(qū)動電機的振動和噪聲問題會嚴重影響乘坐舒適性。目前電機的電磁噪聲研究的對象大多數(shù)是異步電動機，對永磁同步電動機的電磁振動和噪聲研究的比較少。本文主要對純電動車驅(qū)動用永磁同步電機進行電機振動和噪聲分析，主要研究內(nèi)容分為以下幾個方面： 首先，在PWM變頻器供電的情況下，對純電動汽車驅(qū)動用永磁電機進行電磁分析。因為該電機具有軸向分布對稱性，為了簡化分析計算，對電機進行基于Ansoft的二維瞬態(tài)磁場計算，得到電機磁力線分布圖、磁密云圖，計算出徑向氣隙磁密，通過傅里葉分析得到的基波和諧波分布來分析永磁電機的振動特性；提取磁密值，，根據(jù)麥克斯韋定理，運用MATLAB計算出了電機的徑向電磁力密度曲線，在此基礎上通過后處理得到電機的輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩和力矩特性等；然后，從電機的不同結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)出發(fā)分析了不同結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)對電機電磁場的影響。從而對電機電磁振動方面的優(yōu)化設計提供參考。 其次，對電機整體及定子部分進行了動態(tài)特性分析，即模態(tài)分析。通過有限元模態(tài)分析得到了電機整體及定子部件的固有頻率和振型圖，從電機零部件的固有頻率出發(fā)研究電機的振動。采用錘擊法對一臺樣機進行模態(tài)實驗，得到電機的實際低階固有頻率，與有限元分析結(jié)果對比，兩者基本吻合，從而證明了有限元計算分析的可靠性。 最后，運用AWA6291型實時信號分析儀，對純電動汽車驅(qū)動電機進行了在線噪聲測量，通過驅(qū)動電機在三個工況下的噪聲測量，解出了電機的振動和噪聲頻譜圖，結(jié)合上文關(guān)于電磁力波的研究，分析了主要頻率段電機噪聲大的原因，對電機的設計和噪聲源識別作指導。
[Abstract]:The permanent magnet drive motor of pure electric vehicle is one of its key components. It relates to the power performance, maneuverability and NVH performance of the whole vehicle. The vibration and noise of the driving motor will seriously affect the ride comfort.At present, the research object of electromagnetic noise of motor is mostly asynchronous motor, but the research on electromagnetic vibration and noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor is less.In this paper, the vibration and noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) driven by pure electric vehicle are analyzed. The main research contents are as follows:First of all, the electromagnetic analysis of permanent magnet motor used in pure electric vehicle is carried out under the condition of power supply by PWM inverter.Because the motor has axial distribution symmetry, in order to simplify the analysis and calculation, the 2-D transient magnetic field is calculated based on Ansoft, and the magnetic force line distribution diagram and magnetic density cloud diagram of the motor are obtained, and the radial air gap magnetic density is calculated.The vibration characteristics of permanent magnet motor are analyzed by Fourier analysis of fundamental wave and harmonic distribution, and magnetic density is extracted. According to Maxwell's theorem, the radial electromagnetic force density curve of the motor is calculated by using MATLAB.On this basis, the output torque and torque characteristics of the motor are obtained by post-processing, and then the influence of different structural parameters on the electromagnetic field of the motor is analyzed from the different structural parameters of the motor.Therefore, it provides a reference for the optimum design of the electromagnetic vibration of the motor.Secondly, the dynamic characteristics of the whole motor and the stator are analyzed, namely modal analysis.Through the finite element modal analysis, the natural frequency and vibration pattern of the whole motor and the stator are obtained, and the vibration of the motor is studied from the natural frequency of the motor parts.The actual low-order natural frequency of the motor is obtained by the modal experiment of a prototype by hammering method. The results are in good agreement with the results of the finite element analysis, which proves the reliability of the finite element analysis.Finally, the on-line noise measurement of the driving motor of pure electric vehicle is carried out by using the AWA6291 real-time signal analyzer. The vibration and noise spectrum of the motor is calculated by measuring the noise of the motor under three working conditions.Combined with the study of electromagnetic force wave above, the causes of the noise in the main frequency range are analyzed, and the design of the motor and the identification of the noise source are given as the guidance.
【學位授予單位】：合肥工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM341;U469.72

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