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  本文選題：電力系統(tǒng)　切入點：輸電斷面　出處：《華中科技大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：保障電網(wǎng)安全高效運行是現(xiàn)代電力系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的主要目標之一。近年來,高性能計算機技術(shù)已能實現(xiàn)上萬節(jié)點規(guī)模的大電網(wǎng)分鐘級數(shù)據(jù)分析,監(jiān)控與數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)／能量管理系統(tǒng)(SCAD A/EMS)和廣域量測系統(tǒng)(WAMS)可為電網(wǎng)控制中心提供多時間尺度的信息源,這些都為跨大區(qū)電網(wǎng)的在線評估提供了可能。本文以多信息源為基礎,以電力系統(tǒng)輸電斷面及故障評估關鍵技術(shù)為研究目標,取得的主要成果如下： 在研究了現(xiàn)有輸電斷面研究在應用層面上的局限性的基礎上,提出了兩種新的輸電斷面快速識別方法。通過分析支路開斷下的潮流轉(zhuǎn)移特性,結(jié)合圖論割點與塊的性質(zhì),在總結(jié)歸納潮流轉(zhuǎn)移斷面圖論特征的基礎上,提出了基于割點與路徑搜索的輸電斷面識別方法。此外,利用電氣距離選取了系統(tǒng)區(qū)域聯(lián)絡線,進而通過聯(lián)絡線節(jié)點進行系統(tǒng)分區(qū),最終根據(jù)區(qū)域間的連接割集及潮流一致性特征提出了基于輸電通道潮流一致特征的輸電斷面識別方法。通過對這兩種輸電斷面識別方法的研究,建立了輸電斷面的多角度分析體系。 針對系統(tǒng)薄弱斷面快速定量評價還存在的若干問題,提出了一種基于電壓崩潰指數(shù)的極限傳輸容量計算模型和實用化算法。該方法與傳統(tǒng)連續(xù)性方法相比具有如下四個特點：以原始牛頓法為潮流計算核心,不會出現(xiàn)連續(xù)潮流擴展雅可比矩陣奇異的現(xiàn)象；根據(jù)雅可比矩陣信息計算相應的電壓崩潰指數(shù),該參數(shù)可以引導整個狀態(tài)推演過程,將系統(tǒng)負荷(或發(fā)電)狀態(tài)準確定位至功率極限點；利用雅可比矩陣信息自動選取合適的狀態(tài)推演步長,確保全網(wǎng)負荷(或發(fā)電)變化能夠準確地向系統(tǒng)臨界點逼近；整個推演過程以雅可比矩陣為計算核心,不需要每步狀態(tài)推演都有完整的牛頓迭代過程,從而使計算速度大幅提升。 由于傳統(tǒng)常規(guī)潮流計算方法計算過程耗時較大,難以應用于極限傳輸容量及薄弱斷面的快速評估這一難題,提出了一種基于非迭代潮流計算的極限傳輸容量計算模型和實用化算法。該方法把Taylor級數(shù)引入到電力系統(tǒng)潮流計算當中,它能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)系統(tǒng)極限傳輸容量快速、實時求解的目標。 傳統(tǒng)故障定位算法都基于理想化的測量信息條件,這使得其在實際電網(wǎng)的應用中面臨著眾多問題。本文提出了基于故障可觀性的輸電線路故障定位方法,它提供了一種在電網(wǎng)在信息不全條件下的故障定位方案。該方法采用分布參數(shù)輸電線路模型,可以更準確地考慮分布電容電流對故障定位精度的影響；算法性能優(yōu)異,且不受故障初始相位角、負荷及故障路徑阻抗的影響,僅需要相量測量單元(PMU)的暫態(tài)數(shù)據(jù)信號,無需系統(tǒng)阻抗等其它信息,算法沒有迭代過程,計算速度快。 考慮到傳統(tǒng)信號分析方法在處理電力系統(tǒng)故障暫態(tài)信號過程中誤差較大的問題,本文提出了一種基于快速經(jīng)驗模式分解(EMD)濾波的自適應相量評估算法,該算法可以自適應地濾除電力系統(tǒng)故障信號中的衰減直流分量。為了滿足實時計算的要求,本文在篩選過程、最優(yōu)包絡擬合及數(shù)據(jù)窗選擇等方面對EMD算法做了重要改進。
[Abstract]:Ensure safe and efficient operation of power grids is one of the main objectives of the development of modern power system. In recent years, the high performance computer technology has been able to achieve the scale of tens of thousands of nodes power minute level data analysis, monitoring and data acquisition system and energy management system (SCAD A/EMS) and wide area measurement system (WAMS) can provide multi time scale power grid the control center of the information source, which provides the possibility for online assessment of inter regional power grid. Based on the multi information source, with the key technology of power system transmission section and fault evaluation as the research object, the main achievements are as follows:
In the study of the existing research limitations in the transmission section based on application level on the proposed two new fast recognition method of transmission section. Through the analysis of branch breaking under flow transfer characteristics, combined with the properties of graph cut point and block, based on summing up the characteristics of power flow transfer section graph theory, put forward the recognition method of transmission section cut point and based on the path search. In addition, the use of electrical distance system regional contact line, and then through the contact line system partition node, according to the final cut set and connected trend consistent characteristics between regions proposed recognition method of transmission channel transmission section based on the characteristics of the trend consistent through the research on this. Two kinds of identification methods of transmission section, a transmission section of the multi angle analysis system.
In order to solve the problems of rapid quantitative evaluation system has weak cross section, presents a calculation model and method to limit the transmission capacity of voltage collapse based on the index. Compared with the traditional continuous method has the following four characteristics: the original Newton method for power flow calculation of the core, not a continuous trend of extended Jacobi matrix is singular according to the information phenomenon; Jacobi matrix calculation of voltage collapse index corresponding, the parameter can guide the state inference process, the system load (or power) state of accurate positioning to the power limit point; using the Jacobi matrix information automatically selects the appropriate state inference step, ensure that the entire network load (or power) can accurately approximate the changes to the system critical point; the deduction process using the Jacobi matrix as the computing core, does not need each state has complete deduction of Newton iteration Process, so that the speed of calculation is greatly improved.
The calculation method of conventional power flow calculation process is time-consuming, the problem of rapid assessment is difficult to be applied to limit the transmission capacity and weak cross section, a method is proposed for calculating the non iterative power flow based on the limit of transmission capacity calculation model and practical algorithm. The method of the Taylor series was introduced into the power flow calculation of power system, it can realize the system the limit of transmission capacity fast, real time solution.
The traditional fault location algorithms are based on the measurement information of idealized conditions, which makes it faces many problems in the practical application of power grid is put forward in this paper. Based on the fault of transmission line fault location method is considerable, it provides a grid in the incomplete information under the condition of fault location scheme. This method adopts distributed parameter the transmission line model can be more accurate to consider the influence of the distributed capacitance current on the fault location accuracy; algorithm performance is excellent, and is not affected by the fault initial phase angle, impact load and fault path impedance, only phase measuring unit (PMU) of the transient data signal, without system impedance and other information, no algorithm the iterative process, fast calculation speed.
Considering the traditional signal analysis of the large errors in the processing of fault transient signals in power system process, this paper presents a fast empirical mode decomposition based on adaptive filtering (EMD) phase estimation algorithm, this algorithm can adaptively filter the fault signals in power system the decaying DC component. In order to meet the real-time computing requirements. In the screening process, optimal envelope fitting and data window made important improvements to the EMD algorithm.

【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM732

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本文編號：1683616