本文選題：水平軸風(fēng)力機(jī)　切入點(diǎn)：尾流干擾　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著傳統(tǒng)不可再生能源的日益短缺及其所帶來的環(huán)境污染等一系列問題，為滿足社會(huì)的高速發(fā)展，，人們?cè)絹碓街匾暻鍧嵞茉吹拈_發(fā)以及能源的可再生利用，風(fēng)能憑借其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì)出現(xiàn)在人們的視野中。在風(fēng)電場(chǎng)中，由于尾流效應(yīng)的存在，風(fēng)力機(jī)組的布置顯得尤為重要。因此，研究多組風(fēng)力機(jī)尾流干擾特性，掌握風(fēng)力機(jī)尾流特性的相互影響規(guī)律，盡量減小或避免風(fēng)力機(jī)組間尾流干擾作用，對(duì)提高風(fēng)電場(chǎng)風(fēng)機(jī)總體的輸出功率和發(fā)電效率有重要意義。 本文以10kW小型風(fēng)力機(jī)作為主要研究對(duì)象，利用專業(yè)流體軟件Fluent對(duì)風(fēng)電場(chǎng)中的風(fēng)機(jī)整機(jī)進(jìn)行了全三維的數(shù)值模擬，從而更深入了解風(fēng)電場(chǎng)中風(fēng)力機(jī)組之間尾流的相互作用。本文有如下主要研究?jī)?nèi)容： 確定了合適的葉片核心參數(shù)，利用翼型軟件Profili、三維建模軟件UGNX7.0和網(wǎng)格劃分軟件ICEM通過聯(lián)合建模法對(duì)風(fēng)輪葉片、輪轂、機(jī)艙和塔架等分別建模，再將各部分模型進(jìn)行裝配，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了風(fēng)力機(jī)整機(jī)的三維實(shí)體建模，為后續(xù)風(fēng)力機(jī)整機(jī)的三維氣動(dòng)特性研究和風(fēng)機(jī)尾流干擾特性分析奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 為了解風(fēng)力機(jī)三維流場(chǎng)的氣動(dòng)特性，利用RANS方法對(duì)單組風(fēng)力機(jī)進(jìn)行了三維流場(chǎng)數(shù)值模擬分析。在實(shí)際模擬風(fēng)力機(jī)時(shí)考慮了機(jī)艙和塔架的影響，利用建立起來的風(fēng)力機(jī)三維實(shí)體模型，通過專業(yè)流體軟件Fluent對(duì)單組風(fēng)力機(jī)整機(jī)進(jìn)行全三維流場(chǎng)數(shù)值模擬分析，計(jì)算不同工況下風(fēng)力機(jī)的功率輸出，擬合出葉尖速比-風(fēng)力機(jī)功率系數(shù)關(guān)系曲線，通過和風(fēng)洞實(shí)驗(yàn)曲線進(jìn)行對(duì)比，從而驗(yàn)證了風(fēng)力機(jī)葉片優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)及三維實(shí)體建模方法和數(shù)值模擬方法的可靠性，為后續(xù)研究多組風(fēng)力機(jī)尾流特性的相互影響奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 在單組風(fēng)力機(jī)三維氣動(dòng)特性數(shù)值模擬的基礎(chǔ)上，研究了多組風(fēng)力機(jī)尾流干擾特性，分別從風(fēng)力機(jī)組之間的塔架高差和風(fēng)電場(chǎng)中風(fēng)力機(jī)組的排列方式兩個(gè)方面探討風(fēng)力機(jī)尾流的相互作用。研究表明，當(dāng)上下游風(fēng)機(jī)“前后等高”時(shí)，下游風(fēng)機(jī)輸出功率損失最大。此外，在主風(fēng)向變化不大的情況下，采用交錯(cuò)網(wǎng)格排列要比直線網(wǎng)格排列好的多，在采用交錯(cuò)網(wǎng)格排列的基礎(chǔ)上，合理利用塔架高差的布置，最大限度的減小風(fēng)力機(jī)組間尾流干擾作用，從而提高風(fēng)電場(chǎng)風(fēng)機(jī)總體的輸出功率和發(fā)電效率。利用風(fēng)力機(jī)組的輸出功率對(duì)模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行量化分析，對(duì)日后風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的布局設(shè)計(jì)、選址評(píng)估和輸出功率的預(yù)測(cè)等有重大意義。
[Abstract]:With the increasing shortage of traditional non-renewable energy and its environmental pollution, in order to meet the rapid development of society, people pay more and more attention to the development of clean energy and renewable use of energy. Wind energy appears in people's view because of its unique advantage. In wind farm, because of the existence of wake effect, the arrangement of wind turbine is very important. Therefore, the characteristics of multi-group wind turbine tail flow interference are studied. It is of great significance to master the interaction law of wind turbine tail flow characteristics and minimize or avoid the wake interference between wind turbine units to improve the overall output power and generation efficiency of wind farm fans. In this paper, the 10kW small wind turbine is used as the main research object, and the full-3D numerical simulation of the wind turbine in wind farm is carried out by using the professional fluid software Fluent. In order to understand the interaction of wind turbine wakes in wind farm, the main contents of this paper are as follows:. The proper core parameters of the blade are determined. The airfoil software Profilii, the 3D modeling software UGNX7.0 and the grid division software ICEM are used to model the blade, hub, engine room and tower of the wind turbine respectively by the combined modeling method, and then each part of the model is assembled. Thus, the 3D solid modeling of the wind turbine is realized, which lays a foundation for the study of the three-dimensional aerodynamic characteristics of the wind turbine and the analysis of the disturbance characteristics of the wind turbine wake. In order to understand the aerodynamic characteristics of the three-dimensional flow field of the wind turbine, the numerical simulation of the three-dimensional flow field of a single group of wind turbines is carried out by using the RANS method. The influence of the engine room and the tower is taken into account in the actual simulation of the wind turbine. Based on the 3D solid model of wind turbine, the whole three-dimensional flow field of a single wind turbine is simulated and analyzed by Fluent, and the power output of wind turbine under different working conditions is calculated. The curve of the relationship between blade tip speed ratio and wind turbine power coefficient was fitted, and compared with the wind tunnel experiment curve, the reliability of wind turbine blade optimization design, 3D solid modeling method and numerical simulation method was verified. It lays a foundation for further study on the interaction of wind turbine tail flow characteristics. Based on the numerical simulation of three dimensional aerodynamic characteristics of a single wind turbine, the interference characteristics of multi-group wind turbine tail flow are studied. The interaction of wind turbine tail flow is discussed from the two aspects of tower height difference between wind turbines and the arrangement of wind turbines in wind farms. The results show that when the upstream and downstream fans are "equal height before and after", The output power loss of the downstream fan is the biggest. In addition, the staggered grid arrangement is much better than the linear grid arrangement in the case of little change in the main wind direction. On the basis of the staggered grid arrangement, the tower height difference arrangement is reasonably utilized. In order to improve the overall output power and generation efficiency of wind farm fan, the simulation results are analyzed quantitatively by using the output power of wind turbine, and the layout of wind farm is designed in the future. Location evaluation and output power prediction are of great significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM315

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