本文選題：光伏微網(wǎng)　切入點(diǎn)：遺傳算法　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：由于戶用型光伏微網(wǎng)位于電網(wǎng)終端,負(fù)載能就地消耗光伏電池所發(fā)出電能,從而使電能在傳輸過程中的損失大大減少,充分利用了分布式光伏能源發(fā)電緊靠本地負(fù)荷中心和無污染的優(yōu)點(diǎn),同時又克服了太陽能地域分散性的缺點(diǎn)。和光伏大電站相比,戶用光伏微電網(wǎng)具有靈活性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。因此,本文以光伏發(fā)電與儲能系統(tǒng)連接到電網(wǎng)的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了戶用光伏微網(wǎng)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)和孤島檢測方法研究以及戶用光伏微網(wǎng)的計劃孤島運(yùn)行,并且戶用光伏微網(wǎng)在孤島運(yùn)行時,如何使逆變器輸出的電壓和頻率以及波形的畸變率符合電能質(zhì)量的要求,以及利用遺傳算法分析并制定了了該戶用光伏微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的日前調(diào)度計劃。本文的主要工作和成果有:1、設(shè)計了一臺3 kW的單相光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器,既能并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行,又能離網(wǎng)運(yùn)行,輸出電壓為220 V,50 Hz的正弦波,額定功率為3 kW,波形畸變率小于5%,功率因數(shù)等于1,符合設(shè)計要求。2、設(shè)計了一套戶用光伏發(fā)電微電網(wǎng)裝置。在對光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器分析研究的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計了一套戶用光伏微電網(wǎng)裝置,包括3kW光伏電池板、兩組12 V、200 Ah蓄電池、光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器3 kW、雙向逆變器3kW和本地交流負(fù)荷等,通過獲取的戶用光伏微網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)研究從而驗(yàn)證光伏微電網(wǎng)平滑切換的主從控制策略等。理論分析、仿真及實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)表明:提出的戶用光伏微電網(wǎng)拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu),既能并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行,又能離網(wǎng)運(yùn)行,所提出的主從控制策略能高效的吸收光伏電能,高效率地為本地負(fù)荷提供電能,確保系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定可靠運(yùn)行。3、為了智能電網(wǎng)發(fā)展的需要,本文以山東泰安地區(qū)某戶負(fù)荷為例,結(jié)合基于儲能水平控制,采用遺傳算法合理制定戶用光伏微電網(wǎng)日前用電計劃。得到結(jié)論如下:(1)用戶角度該戶用光伏微電網(wǎng)優(yōu)化前可售電情況下從電網(wǎng)售電能獲得收入2.76元,所建立的模型能夠通過合理安排儲能水平和可時移負(fù)荷的用電時間,使優(yōu)化后可售電情況下能從電網(wǎng)獲得4.925元,從而達(dá)到家庭收入最多,光伏發(fā)電能源的發(fā)電利用率最大。(2)電網(wǎng)角度對可時移負(fù)荷進(jìn)行優(yōu)化調(diào)度后,通過儲能和可時移負(fù)荷的配合可以起到削峰填谷的作用,對增加供電能力和提高供電可靠性有重要意義。4、針對被動式孤島檢測方法有很大的非檢測區(qū)和主動式孤島檢測方法對電能質(zhì)量有諧波污染等缺點(diǎn),本文對并網(wǎng)逆變器提出了一種新的被動式孤島檢測方法—基于小波神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)判別孤島檢測。該方法采集公共連接點(diǎn)的電壓信號,利用基于各尺度小波變換系數(shù)能量的提取特征量方法,提取出的特征向量不僅具有平移不變的特性,還反映信號的時頻局部特征,提高了孤島檢測的實(shí)時性。采用具有強(qiáng)大的模式識別能力的三層BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò),能有效辨識孤島和非孤島狀態(tài)。該孤島檢測方法通過Matlab仿真結(jié)果表明判別孤島與非孤島的正確率達(dá)到了98.45%,比傳統(tǒng)的被動式孤島檢測方法檢測盲區(qū)小,由于沒有向控制信號中加入擾動量,因而沒有諧波污染,不會對電能質(zhì)量產(chǎn)生不良影響,這彌補(bǔ)了主動式檢測法的不足,并且不會引起電壓幅值或頻率越限,對系統(tǒng)沒有破壞性,也不會帶來有功功率波動,有利于光伏能源應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:Because of household photovoltaic micro grid in power terminal, can load local consumption of photovoltaic cells emitted by power, greatly reduced so that the electric power transmission in the process of loss, make full use of the distributed photovoltaic power sources are close to the load center and has no pollution, but also overcome the shortcomings of solar geographicdispersion compared. And the photovoltaic power station, PV micro grid has the advantages of flexibility and economy. Therefore, the photovoltaic power generation and energy storage system connected to the grid on the basis of the analysis of topological structure and islanding detection method for photovoltaic microgrid households and households with photovoltaic micro plan island operation network, and household photovoltaic microgrid in islanding operation, how to make the inverter output voltage and frequency and waveform distortion rate to meet the requirements of power quality, and the use of genetic algorithm is analyzed and formulated by the user For photovoltaic microgrid system before the date of dispatch plan. The main work and achievements are: 1, the design of the single phase photovoltaic grid connected inverter with a 3 kW, and can operate in parallel to the grid, off grid, output voltage of 220 V and 50 Hz sine wave, the rated power is 3 kW, waveform distortion rate less than 5%, the power factor is equal to 1, meet the design requirements of.2, a set of household photovoltaic micro grid device design. Based on the analysis of photovoltaic inverter, designed a set of micro grid photovoltaic device for users, including 3kW photovoltaic panels, two groups of 12 V, 200 Ah batteries, photovoltaic the grid connected inverter 3 kW bi-directional inverter 3kW and local AC load, through the acquisition of the PV micro research network data to verify the photovoltaic microgrid smooth switching master-slave control strategy. Theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental data show that the proposed PV micro grid topology, Can network operation, and can run from the network, the master-slave control strategy proposed can absorb the photovoltaic power efficient, high efficiency for the local load power, to ensure stable and reliable operation of.3 system, in order to satisfy the need of the development of smart grid, this paper takes Shandong Tai'an area of a household load as an example, combined with the energy level control based on genetic algorithm is used to establish the PV micro electricity grid before the plan. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the user angle of the household photovoltaic micro grid optimization before the sale of electricity from the sale of electricity grid can obtain the income of 2.76 yuan, the model can through the reasonable arrangement and storage level when the load of the power of the time, so that after optimization, the sale of electricity can get 4.925 yuan from the grid, so as to achieve the maximum family income, photovoltaic energy generation utilization. (2) when the load angle on the grid can be optimized after scheduling Through the cooperation, energy storage and time shift load can play a role in load shifting, to increase the power supply capacity and.4 have important significance to improve the reliability of power supply, the passive islanding detection methods have great non detection zone and active islanding detection method of power quality harmonic pollution and other shortcomings, is presented in this paper. A new passive islanding detection method based on wavelet neural network discriminant islanding detection of grid connected inverter. This method collects public connection point of the voltage signal, using the method of feature extraction of wavelet transform coefficients of each scale of the amount of energy based on the extracted feature vector not only has the characteristics of translation invariance, but also reflect the local time-frequency characteristics of the signal and improve the real-time of islanding detection. By using the three layer BP neural network has a strong ability to pattern recognition, can effectively identify islanding and non islanding state. The islanding detection. The Matlab simulation results show that the correct rate of discrimination and non isolated island reached 98.45%, than the traditional method of passive islanding detection zone is small, because there is no disturbance to join the control signal, so there is no harmonic pollution on the power quality, will not have a negative impact, which makes up the deficiency of active detection method. And will not cause the voltage amplitude or frequency limit, the system is not destructive, will not lead to the fluctuation of active power, is conducive to solar energy application.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM615

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本文編號：1655647