本文選題：無刷直流電機(jī)　切入點(diǎn)：無位置傳感器　出處：《中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：近些年來，無刷直流電機(jī)憑借著其優(yōu)越的性能已經(jīng)在汽車領(lǐng)域、家電應(yīng)用、航空航天等其他工業(yè)領(lǐng)域占據(jù)重要地位。無刷直流電機(jī)的控制技術(shù)也發(fā)展的比較成熟。現(xiàn)在無刷直流電機(jī)的研究熱點(diǎn)主要集中在三個(gè)方面：無位置傳感器控制技術(shù)研究；轉(zhuǎn)矩脈動(dòng)控制研究；智能控制研究。而國內(nèi)在這三個(gè)方面的研究主要針對(duì)的是中小功率的無刷直流電機(jī)。隨著電力電子技術(shù)和永磁體材料技術(shù)的發(fā)展，無刷直流電機(jī)的功率越來越大，傳統(tǒng)的兩電平逆變電路將不在適合用來驅(qū)動(dòng)大功率無刷直流電機(jī)。 本文針對(duì)大功率無刷直流電機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)控制的問題，提出了用中性點(diǎn)鉗位型三電平逆變電路來代替兩電平逆變電路的想法。然后根據(jù)三電平逆變器拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)分析了其驅(qū)動(dòng)無刷直流電機(jī)的控制原理和功率管的PWM調(diào)制方式。最后根據(jù)上面的理論在Matlab中對(duì)三電平逆變器驅(qū)動(dòng)無刷直流電機(jī)的控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了仿真。仿真包括了有位置和無位置兩種情況，其中無位置傳感器控制模塊不再采用傳統(tǒng)的反電動(dòng)勢延遲30°的方法，而是采用線電壓差值移相90°的方法，線電壓差值法的優(yōu)勢在于其幅值大小是相電壓的2-4倍，這使得無刷直流電機(jī)的調(diào)速范圍更大。同時(shí)針對(duì)無刷直流電機(jī)無位置傳感器啟動(dòng)難的問題，仿真中加入了三段式啟動(dòng)模塊：轉(zhuǎn)子預(yù)定位、轉(zhuǎn)子預(yù)加速、狀態(tài)切換，真實(shí)的模擬三電平逆變器驅(qū)動(dòng)無刷直流電機(jī)的實(shí)際運(yùn)行情況。仿真的結(jié)果與理論分析一致，，最后把三電平逆變器驅(qū)動(dòng)無刷直流電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)中的轉(zhuǎn)速、轉(zhuǎn)矩、電流的波形與兩電平驅(qū)動(dòng)電路進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，證明了三電平逆變器驅(qū)動(dòng)無刷直流電機(jī)的優(yōu)越性。 最后，本文采用TI公司的TMS320F28335數(shù)字處理器完成了三電平逆變器驅(qū)動(dòng)無刷直流電機(jī)控制器硬件電路的設(shè)計(jì)，并在TI公司的DSP專用開發(fā)環(huán)境CCS3.3中對(duì)三電平逆變器驅(qū)動(dòng)無刷直流電機(jī)的控制板進(jìn)行軟件編程與調(diào)試。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果驗(yàn)證了用三電平逆變電路驅(qū)動(dòng)無刷直流電機(jī)的正確性和可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, brushless DC motor (BLDCM) has been applied in automobile and home appliance field by virtue of its superior performance. The control technology of brushless DC motor is also mature. Now the research focus of brushless DC motor is mainly focused on three aspects: position sensorless control technology research; Torque ripple control research; intelligent control research. The domestic research in these three areas is mainly aimed at the small and medium power brushless DC motor. With the development of power electronics and permanent magnet material technology, Since the power of brushless DC motor is increasing, the traditional two-level inverter circuit is not suitable for driving high power brushless DC motor. This paper aims at the problem of driving control of high power brushless DC motor. The idea of using neutral clamped three-level inverter instead of two-level inverter is put forward. Then, the control principle of brushless DC motor and the PWM modulation of power transistor are analyzed according to the topology of three-level inverter. Finally, according to the above theory, the control system of brushless DC motor driven by three-level inverter is simulated in Matlab. The position sensorless control module no longer adopts the traditional back-EMF delay method of 30 擄, but uses the linear voltage difference method to shift the phase 90 擄. The advantage of the linear voltage difference method is that its amplitude is 2-4 times that of the phase voltage. This makes the speed range of brushless DC motor wider. At the same time, aiming at the difficulty of position sensorless start-up of brushless DC motor, three-stage starting module is added in the simulation: rotor predetermined position, rotor pre-acceleration, state switching. The simulation results are consistent with the theoretical analysis. Finally, the speed and torque of the control system of the brushless DC motor driven by the three-level inverter are analyzed. The current waveform is compared with the two-level drive circuit, and the advantages of the three-level inverter driving brushless DC motor are proved. Finally, the hardware circuit of the brushless DC motor controller driven by three-level inverter is designed by using TI's TMS320F28335 digital processor. The control board of brushless DC motor driven by three-level inverter is programmed and debugged in TI's DSP development environment CCS3.3. The experimental results verify the correctness and feasibility of using three-level inverter circuit to drive brushless DC motor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM33

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