本文選題：三峽-葛洲壩梯級水電站　切入點：汛期　出處：《天津大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：針對三峽-葛洲壩梯級水電站汛期水能水資源利用要求,綜合考慮汛期三峽水庫入庫徑流特征和三峽-葛洲壩梯級水電站間緊密的水力水量聯(lián)系,開展三峽-葛洲壩梯級水電站汛期短期優(yōu)化調度研究。研究通過多類型特性分析,提出不同泄流等級下的三峽-葛洲壩梯級水電站優(yōu)化調度準則;并構建優(yōu)化調度模型,利用遺傳算法求得三峽-葛洲壩梯級水電站的優(yōu)化調度方案和調度策略,研究成果可為實際調度提供決策支持。本文主要研究內容和結論如下:第一,詳細分析和歸納三峽-葛洲壩梯級水電站的多類型特性。(1)在汛期,發(fā)電水頭降低將引起三峽電站機組出力受阻,每臺機組最大允許出力減幅超過50MW;(2)發(fā)電水頭低于19.0m時,葛洲壩電站機組的發(fā)電效率將隨發(fā)電水頭降低而大幅度降低,最高降幅超過0.1/m;(3)相同葛洲壩水庫壩前水位變幅引起的三峽水庫尾水位變幅將隨著三峽電站下泄流量的增加而逐漸減小;(4)在汛期,三峽電站和葛洲壩電站的最大發(fā)電泄流能力分別為30000m3/s和20000m3/s。第二,基于多類型特性分析成果,以梯級日發(fā)電量最大為目標,提出了三峽水庫不同等級日均泄流條件下的梯級水電站優(yōu)化調度準則。(1)日均泄流大于30000m3/s時,葛洲壩水庫應依據關鍵水位值、初始庫水位和三峽水庫日泄流過程制定其反調節(jié)泄流過程;(2)日均泄流介于20000m3/s至30000m3/s之間時,葛洲壩水庫應依據17.0m的發(fā)電水頭制定其反調節(jié)泄流過程;(3)日均泄流小于20000m3/s時,葛洲壩水庫應根據電站最大下泄能力和初始庫水位等決策因素,按照出入庫平衡方式和典型庫水位過程制定反調節(jié)泄流過程。第三,綜合考慮機組運行特性、水量平衡關系、庫容庫水位關系、下泄流量和尾水位關系等多類型約束條件,構建以發(fā)電量最大為目標的三峽-葛洲壩梯級水電站優(yōu)化調度模型。模型采取遺傳算法求解,并在種群初始化階段嵌入調度準則提高尋優(yōu)效率。第四,通過實例驗證了三峽-葛洲壩梯級水電站汛期調度準則的正確性和有效性。結果表明:(1)日均下泄流量大于30000m3/s時,利用優(yōu)化調度準則無需尋優(yōu)可直接獲得最優(yōu)調度方案;(2)日均下泄流量小于30000m3/s時,嵌入優(yōu)化調度準則的初始群體適應度值高,尋優(yōu)速度更快,可獲得更優(yōu)調度方案;(3)與隨機優(yōu)化相比,嵌入優(yōu)化調度準則的優(yōu)化方案中,時段泄流和出力變化小,可減少機組啟停頻次,更符合實際調度要求。
[Abstract]:In view of the water energy resource utilization requirements of the three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station in flood season, the characteristics of the inflow runoff of the three Gorges Reservoir during the flood season and the close connection of the hydraulic water volume between the three Gorges and Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station are considered synthetically. This paper studies the short-term optimal dispatching of three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station in flood season. Through the analysis of multi-type characteristics, the optimal dispatching criteria of three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station with different discharge grades are put forward, and the optimal dispatching model is constructed. Genetic algorithm is used to obtain the optimal dispatching scheme and dispatching strategy of the three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station. The research results can provide decision support for practical dispatching. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, This paper analyzes and concludes in detail the multi-type characteristics of the three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station. (1) in flood season, the reduction of generating water head will result in the hindrance of the generating capacity of the three Gorges Hydropower Station, and the maximum allowable output reduction of each unit is more than 50 MWzhuan2) when the generating head is less than 19.0m, The generating efficiency of the generating units of Gezhouba Hydropower Station will be greatly reduced with the decrease of water head. The maximum drop is more than 0.1% (m / m ~ (3)) the same change in the water level in front of Gezhouba reservoir will gradually decrease with the increase of the discharge of the three Gorges Power Station) during the flood season, and the change of the tail water level of the three Gorges Reservoir will gradually decrease with the increase of the discharge of the three Gorges Project. The maximum generation discharge capacity of the three Gorges Power Station and the Gezhouba Power Station are 30000m3 / s and 20000m3 / s, respectively. Second, based on the results of multi-type characteristic analysis, the maximum daily generation capacity of the cascade is the goal. It is put forward that when the average daily discharge of three Gorges Reservoir is greater than 300m3 / s, the key water level should be the key water level when the optimal operation criterion of cascade hydropower station under the condition of different grades of daily average discharge is greater than 300m3 / s. When the initial reservoir water level and the daily discharge process of the three Gorges Reservoir are defined as the reverse regulation discharge process, the daily average discharge is between 20000m3 / s and 30000m3 / s, and the Gezhouba reservoir should formulate its backregulation discharge process according to the 170m power head) when the daily average discharge is less than 20000m3 / s. According to the decision factors such as the maximum discharge capacity and the initial reservoir water level of the Gezhouba Reservoir, the backregulation discharge process should be formulated according to the equilibrium mode of entering and leaving the reservoir and the process of typical reservoir water level. Thirdly, considering the operation characteristics of the unit and the water balance relationship, In this paper, the optimal dispatching model of the three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station, which aims at the maximum power generation, is constructed under the constraints of water level relation, discharge discharge and tail water level. Genetic algorithm is used to solve the model. The optimization efficiency is improved by embedding the dispatching criterion in the initial stage of the population. 4th. The correctness and effectiveness of the criterion for flood season operation of the three Gorges Gezhouba Cascade Hydropower Station are verified by an example. The results show that when the daily average discharge is greater than 30000m3 / s, The optimal scheduling scheme can be obtained by using the optimal scheduling criterion without direct optimization. When the daily average discharge is less than 300m3 / s, the initial group fitness of the embedded optimal scheduling criterion is higher and the optimization speed is faster. Compared with random optimization, the optimal scheduling scheme can reduce the frequency of unit start and stop, and meet the requirement of practical scheduling.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TV737

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