本文選題：堿性陰離子交換膜燃料電池　切入點(diǎn)：水熱管理　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著人類社會(huì)的發(fā)展,人們對能源效率及環(huán)境保護(hù)的要求越來越高,燃料電池以其啟動(dòng)快、效率高、噪聲低、污染小的特點(diǎn)得到了越來越多的關(guān)注。在燃料電池中,堿性陰離子交換膜燃料電池(Alkaline membrane fuel cell,AMFC)具有較高的電化學(xué)動(dòng)力學(xué)特性、較低的貴金屬催化劑依賴性以及較好的二氧化碳耐受性。因而,近年來受到了國內(nèi)外廣泛的討論與研究。在AMFC的研究領(lǐng)域中,水熱管理是制約其性能、成本和耐久性的關(guān)鍵因素之一。因此,研究其中的水熱管理問題及傳熱傳質(zhì)過程,對了解AMFC工作機(jī)理、制定水熱管理策略具有十分重要的意義。首先,本研究通過制備AMFC膜電極、組裝燃料電池、搭建實(shí)驗(yàn)系統(tǒng),在不同工況條件下測試了AMFC的性能。結(jié)果表明,AMFC的激活過程分為兩個(gè)階段,第一個(gè)階段為性能提升階段,第二個(gè)階段為性能衰減并達(dá)到穩(wěn)定的階段。同時(shí),陰陽兩極進(jìn)氣加濕能十分顯著地提升電池性能,并且陰極進(jìn)氣加濕的作用更為明顯。此外,負(fù)載的增加和減小分別會(huì)引起電流密度的過沖和下沖,而且過沖及下沖的幅度會(huì)隨著負(fù)載變化的增加及加載時(shí)間的縮短而加劇。其次,為了進(jìn)一步了解AMFC的水熱管理及傳熱傳質(zhì)機(jī)理,本研究建立了AMFC全電池的三維多相流數(shù)值模型。該模型模擬了電池內(nèi)部的化學(xué)反應(yīng)、質(zhì)量傳輸、動(dòng)量傳輸、能量傳遞和水的相變等過程,并與實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果吻合較好。再次,通過建立的AMFC三維多相流數(shù)值模型,本研究分析了穩(wěn)態(tài)條件下陰陽兩極進(jìn)氣加濕、工作溫度、膜厚度和膜電極疏水性等工況條件及設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)對燃料電池性能及傳熱傳質(zhì)過程的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),陽極進(jìn)氣加濕可以提升AMFC性能,但其作用會(huì)隨著加濕程度的增加而減弱。陰極進(jìn)氣加濕對性能的提升作用更加顯著,并且高負(fù)載條件下,陰極流道中的液態(tài)水供給會(huì)進(jìn)一步提高電池性能。最后,本研究分析了AMFC對負(fù)載、陰陽兩極進(jìn)氣加濕、工作溫度等工況的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)。在循環(huán)負(fù)載工況中,負(fù)載的加載順序?qū)MFC的性能有一定影響,并且加濕程度越低,影響越顯著。此外,由陰陽兩極進(jìn)氣相對濕度降低引起的膜態(tài)水及液態(tài)水的去除速度要快于由相對濕度增加而引起的補(bǔ)充速度。
[Abstract]:With the development of human society, more and more attention has been paid to the energy efficiency and environmental protection. Fuel cells have attracted more and more attention because of their characteristics of fast start-up, high efficiency, low noise and low pollution. Alkaline membrane fuel cell has higher electrochemical kinetic characteristics, lower noble metal catalyst dependence and better carbon dioxide tolerance. In recent years, it has been widely discussed and studied at home and abroad. In the research field of AMFC, water and heat management is one of the key factors restricting its performance, cost and durability. It is of great significance to understand the working mechanism of AMFC and to formulate the strategy of hydrothermal management. Firstly, through the preparation of AMFC membrane electrode, the fuel cell is assembled and the experimental system is built. The results show that the activation process of AMFC is divided into two stages: the first stage is the performance improvement stage, the second stage is the performance decay and reach the stable stage. The effect of cathode inlet humidification is more obvious. In addition, the increase and decrease of load will cause overshoot and downrush of current density, respectively. Moreover, the amplitude of overshoot and downrush will be aggravated with the increase of load change and the shortening of loading time. Secondly, in order to further understand the mechanism of hydrothermal management and heat and mass transfer of AMFC, In this paper, a three-dimensional multiphase flow numerical model of AMFC whole cell is established. The model simulates the chemical reaction, mass transfer, momentum transfer, energy transfer and phase transition of water in the battery, and the results are in good agreement with the experimental results. Based on the numerical model of AMFC three-dimensional multiphase flow, the humidification and working temperature of Yin and Yang inlet air under steady condition are analyzed. Effects of operating conditions such as membrane thickness and hydrophobicity of membrane electrode and design parameters on the performance of fuel cell and heat and mass transfer process. It is found that anode inlet humidification can improve the performance of AMFC. But its effect will weaken with the increase of humidification degree. The effect of cathode inlet humidification on performance is more significant, and the liquid water supply in cathode channel will further improve the performance of the battery under high load conditions. In this paper, the dynamic response of AMFC to the load, the inlet air humidification of both yin and yang, the working temperature and so on is analyzed. In the cyclic load condition, the loading sequence of the load has a certain influence on the performance of AMFC, and the wetting degree is lower. In addition, the removal rate of membrane water and liquid water caused by the decrease of relative humidity of inlet air between the two poles is faster than that caused by the increase of relative humidity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM911.4

【相似文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 ;直接使用甲烷的新燃料電池[J];現(xiàn)代化工;2000年01期

2 ;燃料電池[J];化學(xué)工程師;2000年02期

3 徐德新,諸亦新;燃料電池的開發(fā)現(xiàn)狀與應(yīng)用前景[J];江蘇冶金;2000年02期

4 ;新型能源燃料電池[J];精細(xì)化工基地信息通訊;2000年06期

5 秦衛(wèi);;燃料電池的現(xiàn)狀[J];輕型汽車技術(shù);2000年06期

6 余亮;;燃料電池儲(chǔ)氫新技術(shù)[J];輕型汽車技術(shù);2000年Z1期

7 豐洋;天然氣膜法脫氮用于燃料電池[J];石油與天然氣化工;2001年02期

8 ;我研發(fā)出國際先進(jìn)水平燃料電池[J];稀有金屬;2001年04期

9 ;形形色色的鋰電池和燃料電池[J];福建輕紡;2001年06期

10 劉四華;國外燃料電池的開發(fā)與研究[J];化學(xué)工程師;2001年03期

相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前10條

1 ;科學(xué)家為燃料電池開發(fā)新催化劑[A];節(jié)能減排論壇——福建省科協(xié)第八屆學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)衛(wèi)星會(huì)議論文�？痆C];2008年

2 郭曉汾;張毅;;燃料電池車輛及其新進(jìn)展[A];河南省汽車工程學(xué)會(huì)第二屆科研學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)論文集[C];2005年

3 許谷;;燃料電池——改變未來世界的新科技——燃料電池系統(tǒng)中關(guān)鍵部分的研究[A];材料科學(xué)與工程技術(shù)——中國科協(xié)第三屆青年學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];1998年

4 宋二虎;;電動(dòng)自行車用燃料電池的產(chǎn)業(yè)化之路[A];電動(dòng)車及新型電池學(xué)術(shù)交流會(huì)論文集[C];2003年

5 于澤庭;韓吉田;;燃料電池在家庭中的應(yīng)用[A];山東省第五屆制冷空調(diào)學(xué)術(shù)年會(huì)論文集[C];2004年

6 陸天虹;張玲玲;唐亞文;高穎;;各種燃料電池在產(chǎn)業(yè)化概況[A];2006中國動(dòng)力電池高層論壇論文集[C];2006年

7 宮振華;張存滿;肖方f，

本文編號(hào)：1617787