本文選題：永磁電機　切入點：分數槽集中繞組　出處：《華中科技大學》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：分數槽集中繞組永磁同步電機具有提高功率密度、降低齒槽轉矩、提高容錯能力的潛力,在風力發(fā)電、艦船推進和電動汽車等應用領域具有廣闊的應用前景。近年來,國內外對此種永磁同步電機的研究主要集中在單個槽/極配合諧波分析、磁動勢諧波引起的振動和附加損耗及抑制等方面。然而其繞組和磁路特性的特殊性,使得其參數和性能的分析、以及電磁設計與傳統(tǒng)整數槽電機有所不同。本文以分數槽集中繞組永磁同步電機為研究對象,針對其目前分析和設計中存在的若干問題,系統(tǒng)地展開研究。 基于繞組理論系統(tǒng)地研究分數槽集中繞組諧波繞組系數及磁動勢通用分析計算方法。詳細分析大量槽/極配合,分別采用單層繞組和雙層繞組時的繞組系數,總結繞組系數隨槽/極配合的變化規(guī)律。特別地,研究改變并聯支路數時諧波繞組系數的變化及其機理。然后對不同槽/極配合類型的磁動勢進行分析,總結其諧波分布及其大小的規(guī)律。最后,以繞組系數、力波振動、齒槽轉矩、損耗作為評價指標,綜合比較幾種槽/極配合類型的優(yōu)缺點,并針對不同應用領域,給出推薦的槽/極配合。 基于繞組函數推導表貼式和內置式分數槽集中繞組電機的電感解析計算公式,提出并詳細推導不同槽/極配合的槽漏感計算公式,并通過有限元計算進行了對比驗證。研究槽口尺寸對槽漏感的影響,并研究電流相位角對電感特性的影響。然后采用相量法、凍結磁導率法和差分磁鏈法對交-直軸電感進行了研究,對比研究幾種電感計算方法的特點。 對永磁電機的弱磁特性進行深入研究。以特征電流、凸極比、永磁磁鏈作為表征永磁電機弱磁能力的三個參數,研究其對弱磁特性的影響。深入研究分段永磁體內置式永磁電機去磁磁場對磁路飽和的影響,提出分段永磁體提高弱磁能力的機理。并通過對比研究分數槽集中繞組和整數槽分布繞組、永磁體分段和不分段內置式永磁電機的弱磁特性,驗證本文提出的結論。 深入研究電磁負荷對電磁振動和損耗的影響。在不同運行工況,通過改變電流幅值和電流角,能同時反映磁負荷和電負荷的變化。推導表貼式的氣隙磁密解析計算公式,在此基礎上分析力波大小隨電磁負荷變化的規(guī)律；對于內置式,則采用有限元進行了分析。研究不同運行工況下電磁負荷改變對定子鐵耗和永磁體渦流損耗的影響。結合電磁負荷對力波和損耗的影響,在較寬運行區(qū)間內綜合評價電磁負荷選取的合理性。
[Abstract]:The fractional slot concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has the potential of increasing power density, reducing tooth torque and improving fault tolerance. It has a wide application prospect in wind power generation, warship propulsion and electric vehicle applications in recent years. The research of PMSM at home and abroad is mainly focused on harmonic analysis of single slot / pole, vibration and additional loss caused by harmonic of magnetic EMF and suppression, etc. However, the characteristics of winding and magnetic circuit are special. The analysis of its parameters and performance, as well as the electromagnetic design is different from the traditional integer slot motor. In this paper, the fractional slot concentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous motor is taken as the research object, and some problems existing in its analysis and design are pointed out. The research is carried out systematically. Based on winding theory, the harmonic winding coefficient of fractional slot concentrated winding and the general analysis and calculation method of magnetodynamic potential are systematically studied. A large number of slot / pole matching is analyzed in detail, and the winding coefficients of single-layer winding and double-layer winding are used, respectively. The variation law of winding coefficient with slot / pole matching is summarized. In particular, the variation of harmonic winding coefficient and its mechanism are studied when the number of parallel branches is changed. Then the magnetodynamic potential of different slot / pole matching type is analyzed. Finally, taking winding coefficient, force wave vibration, tooth torque and loss as evaluation indexes, the advantages and disadvantages of several slot / pole matching types are comprehensively compared, and the advantages and disadvantages of several slot / pole matching types are compared. The recommended slot / pole fit is given. Based on the winding function, the inductance analytical formulas of the split-slot concentrated winding motor are derived, and the formulas of slot leakage inductance with different slot / pole matching are proposed and deduced in detail. The effect of slot size on slot leakage inductance and the effect of current phase angle on inductance characteristics are studied by finite element method, and then phasor method is used. The frozen permeability method and differential flux method are used to study the cross-straight axis inductance, and the characteristics of several inductance calculation methods are compared. The characteristic current, salient ratio and permanent magnetic flux linkage are used as the three parameters to characterize the weak magnetic ability of the permanent magnet motor (PMSM). The effect of demagnetization on magnetic circuit saturation of segmented permanent magnet built-in permanent magnet motor is studied. The mechanism of improving the weak magnetic ability of segmented permanent magnet is put forward, and the weak magnetic characteristics of segmented and unsegmented permanent magnet motor are studied by comparing the fractional slot concentrated winding and integer slot distributed winding, and the conclusion presented in this paper is verified. The effect of electromagnetic load on electromagnetic vibration and loss is deeply studied. By changing the current amplitude and current angle, the variation of magnetic load and electric load can be reflected at the same time under different operating conditions. An analytical formula for calculating air gap magnetic density is derived. On this basis, the variation of force wave size with electromagnetic load is analyzed. The effect of electromagnetic load change on stator iron loss and eddy current loss of permanent magnet under different operating conditions is analyzed by using finite element method, and combined with the effect of electromagnetic load on force wave and loss. The rationality of electromagnetic load selection is evaluated in a wide range.
【學位授予單位】：華中科技大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM341

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