本文選題：真空斷路器　切入點(diǎn)：在線監(jiān)測　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：真空斷路器作為控制設(shè)備,擔(dān)負(fù)保障電網(wǎng)安全運(yùn)行的重要責(zé)任,而真空斷路器的在線監(jiān)測,作為一種狀態(tài)檢修形式,可以根據(jù)電力設(shè)備的在線監(jiān)測量,預(yù)測真空斷路器的工作狀態(tài),進(jìn)行有目的性的檢修,從而可以節(jié)省資源,節(jié)約人力物力。首先,本文在前人研究的狀態(tài)量基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合真空斷路器的特性,選取最具代表性意義的真空度、分／合閘線圈電流、觸頭溫度和剩余電壽命四個狀態(tài)量作為真空斷路器在線監(jiān)測的指標(biāo),并對四個指標(biāo)的在線監(jiān)測的意義和具體檢測方法進(jìn)行研究。在確定了評估模型特征量的前提下,本文設(shè)計(jì)了真空斷路器在線監(jiān)測及狀態(tài)評估硬件采集電路,可對真空斷路器在線監(jiān)測指標(biāo)實(shí)施采集、處理和分析；并利用以FPGA為主控芯片的采集電路對實(shí)驗(yàn)室真空斷路器樣機(jī)的四個在線監(jiān)測指標(biāo)進(jìn)行在線采集。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,硬件電路滿足實(shí)驗(yàn)條件,得到了指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)。完成硬件采集電路對四個特征量的在線采集,本文采用基于混合核函數(shù)的最小二乘支持向量機(jī)算法(LS-SVM)和基于模糊理論的最優(yōu)組合權(quán)重法實(shí)現(xiàn)真空斷路器狀態(tài)評估模型,其中基于混合核函數(shù)的LS-SVM算法分別采用粒子群優(yōu)化算法(PSO)和遺傳算法(GA)進(jìn)行模型參數(shù)尋優(yōu),通過仿真分析,帶入200組訓(xùn)練集和測試集得出利用PSO尋優(yōu)的基于混合核函數(shù)的最小二乘支持向量機(jī)算法分類準(zhǔn)確率可達(dá)98.5%,基于混合核函數(shù)GA-LSSVM分類準(zhǔn)確率只有90%,因此采用基于混合核函數(shù)PSO-LSSVM算法可靠性更高,但PSO-LSSVM算法模型適用于解決具有大樣本,高維數(shù)問題,隨著特征量的不斷完善可以對模型進(jìn)行拓展。最后,本文采用基于最優(yōu)組合權(quán)重的模糊算法,選用高斯函數(shù)作為隸屬度函數(shù)對真空斷路器運(yùn)行狀態(tài)進(jìn)行評估,仿真結(jié)果同樣達(dá)到要求,實(shí)現(xiàn)可靠分類。而基于最優(yōu)組合權(quán)重的模糊算法模型適用于需要引入專家意見來指導(dǎo)評估建模的情況。采用兩種模型對真空斷路器狀態(tài)評估改善了原有研究中建模方法單一的缺點(diǎn),提高了評估模型的適應(yīng)性,為智能化真空斷路器狀態(tài)評估和檢修提供參考,實(shí)際運(yùn)行過程中,可根據(jù)具體情況選取不同算法。
[Abstract]:As a kind of control equipment, vacuum circuit breaker is responsible for ensuring the safe operation of power network. The on-line monitoring of vacuum circuit breaker, as a form of condition maintenance, can be based on the on-line monitoring quantity of power equipment. In order to predict the working state of vacuum circuit breaker and carry out purposeful overhaul, it can save resources and manpower and material resources. Firstly, this paper combines the characteristics of vacuum circuit breaker based on the state quantity studied by predecessors. The vacuum degree of the most representative sense, the current of the branch / closing coil, the contact temperature and the residual electric life are selected as the online monitoring indexes of the vacuum circuit breaker. The significance of on-line monitoring of the four indexes and the specific detection methods are studied. On the premise of determining the characteristic quantity of the evaluation model, the on-line monitoring and state evaluation hardware acquisition circuit of vacuum circuit breaker is designed in this paper. The on-line monitoring index of vacuum circuit breaker can be collected, processed and analyzed, and the four on-line monitoring indexes of vacuum circuit breaker prototype in laboratory can be collected by using the acquisition circuit with FPGA as the main control chip. The experimental results show that, The hardware circuit meets the experimental condition and gets the index data. In this paper, the state evaluation model of vacuum circuit breaker is realized by using the least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) algorithm based on mixed kernel function and the optimal combined weight method based on fuzzy theory. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and genetic algorithm (GA) are used to optimize the model parameters of LS-SVM algorithm based on hybrid kernel function. It is concluded that the classification accuracy of least squares support vector machine based on mixed kernel function can reach 98.5, and the accuracy of GA-LSSVM classification based on mixed kernel function is only 90. Therefore, the hybrid kernel function is used to optimize the classification accuracy of least squares support vector machine based on hybrid kernel function. The kernel function PSO-LSSVM algorithm is more reliable. But the PSO-LSSVM algorithm model is suitable for solving the problem with large sample and high dimension. The model can be expanded with the improvement of the feature quantity. Finally, the fuzzy algorithm based on the optimal combination weight is adopted in this paper. Gao Si function is chosen as the membership function to evaluate the operating state of vacuum circuit breaker. The simulation results also meet the requirements. The fuzzy algorithm model based on optimal combination weight is suitable for the case where expert opinion is introduced to guide the evaluation and modeling. Two models are used to improve the state evaluation of vacuum circuit breaker. The disadvantage of single mode method, It improves the adaptability of the evaluation model and provides a reference for the condition evaluation and maintenance of intelligent vacuum circuit breakers. In actual operation different algorithms can be selected according to the specific conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM561

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本文編號：1610747