本文選題：微生物燃料電池　切入點：餐廚廢水　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：針對能源資源的匱乏和未經(jīng)處理的餐廚垃圾排放量逐年遞增等問題，本文主張將餐廚固體垃圾和餐廚廢水分開處理，分別將這些很可觀的資源轉(zhuǎn)化為清潔的生物質(zhì)能源，實現(xiàn)廢棄物的雙重利用。并著重研究單室微生物燃料電池(MFC)作為餐廚廢水前處理工藝的可行性，通過調(diào)節(jié)不同的有機(jī)負(fù)荷和不同的堆棧形式，分析其生物產(chǎn)電的潛力和處理效率。 對以餐廚廢水為底物的微生物燃料電池的研究表明，，餐廚廢水可以被微生物燃料電池利用，產(chǎn)電效果良好。MFC中不同濃度餐廚廢水的輸出電壓均超過0.5V，有機(jī)物去除率達(dá)90%左右，出水濃度低于500mg/L，接近城市污水有機(jī)負(fù)荷。在底物濃度為270020mg/L時的產(chǎn)電效果與水處理效果尤為突出，穩(wěn)定輸出電壓達(dá)0.525V，最大功率密度5.6W/m3，并可獲得9.45%的庫倫效率，相應(yīng)的TCOD去除率為77%，SCOD去除率為90.3%，TN去除率為88.75%。 餐廚廢水中有機(jī)物的特征分析表明，單環(huán)芳烴是餐廚廢水的主要組成物質(zhì)。經(jīng)MFC處理后，疏水性組分(HPO-A、HPO-N)和過度親水性酸性組分(TPI-A)中的芳香性蛋白(色氨酸類物質(zhì))、溶解性微生物產(chǎn)物得到了優(yōu)先去除，各組分中的腐殖質(zhì)類物質(zhì)得到了一定的積累，使MFC的運行更加穩(wěn)定。而疏水性組分的TOC含量尚不足總量的30%，UV-254吸收強(qiáng)度也不到總強(qiáng)度的20%，表明MFC對餐廚廢水中油類物質(zhì)的降解較為徹底。 對MFC的不同堆棧形式的研究表明，將多個內(nèi)阻不同的MFC進(jìn)行合理的串并聯(lián)堆棧，可以削弱電池間的差異，在實現(xiàn)電壓放大的同時，避免了產(chǎn)電過程中的電壓反轉(zhuǎn)，而單電池與電池組的質(zhì)量平衡結(jié)果也相差不大。可以說串并聯(lián)堆棧對餐廚廢水在MFC內(nèi)的整體產(chǎn)電效果與水處理效果影響不大，只是由于水力停留時間的不同，在TCOD的去除上表現(xiàn)出一定的差異性。 以上結(jié)果表明，餐廚廢水中的油類物質(zhì)經(jīng)單室MFC處理后，可明顯減少，出水中浮油幾乎未檢出，而殘存在出水中的油也以溶解油為主，基本實現(xiàn)了餐廚廢水的無害化與資源化。
[Abstract]:In view of the shortage of energy resources and the increasing emissions of untreated kitchen waste, this paper proposes to separate the solid waste from kitchen waste and kitchen wastewater to convert these considerable resources into clean biomass energy, respectively. To realize the dual utilization of waste, and to study the feasibility of single-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) as a pretreatment process for kitchen wastewater, by adjusting different organic loads and different stacks, The potential and treatment efficiency of its biological electricity production are analyzed. The study on microbial fuel cell with cooking waste water as substrate shows that the cooking wastewater can be used by microbial fuel cell, and the output voltage of different concentration of cooking wastewater in MFC is more than 0.5 V, and the removal rate of organic matter is about 90%. The effluent concentration is lower than 500mg / L, close to the organic load of municipal sewage. The power generation and water treatment effect is especially prominent when the substrate concentration is 270020mg / L, the stable output voltage is 0.525V, the maximum power density is 5.6W / m3, and the Coulomb efficiency of 9.45% can be obtained. The corresponding removal rate of TCOD is 77g Scod and the removal rate of TN is 90.3%. The removal rate of TN is 88.75. The characteristic analysis of organic matter in cooking wastewater shows that monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are the main components of cooking wastewater. Aromatic proteins (tryptophan) in hydrophobic component HPO-AHPO-N and excessive hydrophilic acid component TPI-A, soluble microbial products were removed preferentially, and humic substances in each component were accumulated to a certain extent. The operation of MFC was more stable, and the TOC content of hydrophobic component was less than 30% of the total absorption intensity of UV-254 and less than 20% of the total intensity, which indicated that the degradation of oil in cooking wastewater by MFC was more thorough. The study on the different stacks of MFC shows that reasonable series-parallel stacks with different internal resistances can weaken the differences between the batteries and avoid the voltage reversal in the process of power generation while the voltage amplification is realized. It can be said that series-parallel stacks have little effect on the overall power generation and water treatment of kitchen wastewater in MFC, but only because of the difference of hydraulic retention time. There are some differences in the removal of TCOD. The above results show that the oil in the cooking wastewater treated with single chamber MFC can be significantly reduced, the oil slick in the effluent is almost undetectable, and the remaining oil in the effluent is mainly dissolved oil. The utility model has basically realized the innocuity and resource utilization of the kitchen wastewater.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X703;TM911.45

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