本文選題：微電網(wǎng)　切入點(diǎn)：聯(lián)網(wǎng)模式　出處：《長沙理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著能源問題和環(huán)境問題的日益突出,開發(fā)并充分利用清潔能源已經(jīng)成為世界各國和社會(huì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略。微電網(wǎng)能夠減輕分布式發(fā)電對電網(wǎng)的沖擊與不良影響,使分布式發(fā)電的效益和價(jià)值得到充分利用。微電網(wǎng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一就是運(yùn)行控制,靈活多變的運(yùn)行模式是微電網(wǎng)實(shí)現(xiàn)各種經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)優(yōu)勢的前提。微電網(wǎng)存在聯(lián)網(wǎng)運(yùn)行模式和孤島運(yùn)行模式,本文將分兩個(gè)層面對微電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行控制策略展開研究。在微電源控制策略上,首先將微電源按功率輸出穩(wěn)定與否分為間歇型微源和可控型微源,對分布式微源的逆變器直流側(cè)進(jìn)行簡化,著重研究逆變器控制策略,并建立起三相電壓源型逆變器的數(shù)學(xué)模型。其次設(shè)計(jì)了電流內(nèi)環(huán)控制器,深入分析了微電源逆變器的三種控制方式,即PQ控制、下垂控制以及V-f控制,表明在聯(lián)網(wǎng)運(yùn)行時(shí)改變PQ控制的參考功率可以實(shí)現(xiàn)公共連接點(diǎn)的潮流控制。孤島運(yùn)行模式下,通過下垂控制和V-f控制兩種控制的協(xié)調(diào)配合可以實(shí)現(xiàn)微電網(wǎng)電壓和頻率的穩(wěn)定,并針對下垂控制中的下垂系數(shù)進(jìn)行改進(jìn),使下垂系數(shù)隨微電網(wǎng)電壓和頻率動(dòng)態(tài)變化,改進(jìn)的下垂控制可以使系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)功率缺額時(shí),微電網(wǎng)的電壓和頻率下降幅度變小。最后通過設(shè)計(jì)預(yù)同步控制單元作用在下垂控制和V-f控制上實(shí)現(xiàn)孤島運(yùn)行模式向聯(lián)網(wǎng)運(yùn)行模式的切換。在微電網(wǎng)多電源協(xié)調(diào)控制策略上,分析了主從控制和對等控制。可知對等控制簡單可靠、容易實(shí)現(xiàn),當(dāng)運(yùn)行模式變化時(shí)不需要改變微源的控制方式,但是不能保證電壓和頻率的穩(wěn)定性。主從控制能夠支撐微網(wǎng)電壓和頻率,但是在運(yùn)行模式變化時(shí)都需要改變主控微源的控制方式。因此本文提出一種主從和對等相結(jié)合的綜合控制方法,該方法不僅可以實(shí)現(xiàn)電壓和頻率的穩(wěn)定,而且還能減少微電源控制方式的切換次數(shù),降低了控制方式切換失敗的可能性,在一定程度上提高了微電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行的可靠性。通過在微電源控制策略和微電網(wǎng)多電源協(xié)調(diào)控制策略上的相互配合,能夠保證微電網(wǎng)在聯(lián)網(wǎng)運(yùn)行、孤島運(yùn)行以及兩種運(yùn)行模式之間相互切換過程中的電壓和頻率的穩(wěn)定,有效減少微電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行模式變化時(shí)主控微源的切換次數(shù),在一定程度上提高了微電網(wǎng)運(yùn)行的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly prominent energy and environmental problems, the development and full use of clean energy has become an important strategy for the sustainable development of the world and society. Microgrid can reduce the impact and adverse impact of distributed generation on the grid. One of the key technologies of microgrid is operation control. Flexible and changeable operation mode is the premise for microgrid to realize various economic and technological advantages. In this paper, the operation control strategy of microgrid is studied in two aspects. In the control strategy of micro-power supply, the micro-power supply is firstly divided into intermittent microsource and controllable micro-source according to the stability of power output. The DC side of the distributed microsource inverter is simplified, the control strategy of the inverter is studied, and the mathematical model of the three-phase voltage source inverter is established. Secondly, the current inner loop controller is designed. Three control methods of micro-power inverter, namely PQ control, droop control and V-f control, are analyzed in depth. It shows that changing the reference power of PQ control can realize the power flow control of common connection point in the operation mode of isolated island. The voltage and frequency of microgrid can be stabilized by the coordination of droop control and V-f control, and the sagging coefficient in droop control can be improved to change dynamically with the voltage and frequency of microgrid. Improved droop control can cause power gaps in the system, The voltage and frequency decrease of microgrid becomes smaller. Finally, the island operation mode is switched to the network operation mode by designing presynchronous control unit in droop control and V-f control. The master-slave control and peer-to-peer control are analyzed. It is known that peer-to-peer control is simple, reliable and easy to realize. But there is no guarantee of voltage and frequency stability. Master and slave control can support the voltage and frequency of the microgrid. However, it is necessary to change the control mode of the main control microsource when the operation mode is changing. Therefore, this paper proposes a comprehensive control method combining master and slave with peer-to-peer control, which can not only realize the stability of voltage and frequency. It can also reduce the frequency of switching of the control mode of the micro-power supply, and reduce the possibility of the failure of the switching mode of the control mode. To a certain extent, the reliability of microgrid operation is improved. Through the cooperation of micro-power control strategy and multi-power coordinated control strategy, the micro-grid can be operated in the network. The island operation and the stability of the voltage and frequency in the switching process between the two operation modes can effectively reduce the switching times of the main control microsource when the operation mode of the microgrid changes and to a certain extent improve the reliability of the microgrid operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TM732

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