本文選題：天然氣　切入點(diǎn)：冷熱電聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)　出處：《湖南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展,我國(guó)的能源消耗大大增加,能源已經(jīng)成為制約經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要瓶頸。為了促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)的發(fā)展,調(diào)整能源結(jié)構(gòu),提高能源利用率已經(jīng)成為我國(guó)能源戰(zhàn)略的重點(diǎn)。建筑能耗在社會(huì)總能耗中所占比重較大且增長(zhǎng)迅速,降低建筑能耗對(duì)降低我國(guó)社會(huì)總能耗具有重要意義。為了降低建筑能耗,一方面要推行建筑節(jié)能工作,另一方面要提高能源利用率,降低一次能源消耗。冷熱電聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)是一種將制冷、供熱和發(fā)電過程一體化的多聯(lián)產(chǎn)能源系統(tǒng),該系統(tǒng)由于實(shí)現(xiàn)了能量的梯級(jí)利用,所以大大提高了能源的利用率,特別是降低了能源的品位損失,這可以有效的降低建筑能耗。本文首先通過建立系統(tǒng)主要設(shè)備的熱力學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和排放特性模型,以系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部能量流動(dòng)為平衡關(guān)系,以典型天時(shí)段為時(shí)間劃分,按照分時(shí)段能流平衡的原則建立起了四種典型天然氣冷熱電聯(lián)供的系統(tǒng)數(shù)學(xué)模型；然后以長(zhǎng)沙市某醫(yī)院為例,在燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)額定發(fā)電功率從1000kW增長(zhǎng)到20000kW的情況下,分別求出不同燃?xì)廨啓C(jī)額定功率時(shí)系統(tǒng)最優(yōu)的20年期年度化費(fèi)用值并進(jìn)行比較,得出年度化費(fèi)用最低值及對(duì)應(yīng)的系統(tǒng)容量配置和運(yùn)行策略；接下來對(duì)四種方案年度化費(fèi)用最低值時(shí)的最優(yōu)化配置方案進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)性能、熱力學(xué)性能、環(huán)境性能和社會(huì)性能的綜合比較,得出最優(yōu)方案；最后對(duì)選出的最優(yōu)方案進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)性不確定性研究,確定出適合采用天然氣冷熱電聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)的能源價(jià)格范圍和不同售電價(jià)格對(duì)聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化配置及運(yùn)行策略的影響。本文所研究的天然氣冷熱電聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化計(jì)算的思路、數(shù)據(jù)和結(jié)論可以為天然氣冷熱電聯(lián)供的系統(tǒng)選型、優(yōu)化計(jì)算、運(yùn)行策略等提供一種可行的方法,同時(shí)本文得出的優(yōu)化結(jié)果也可以對(duì)天然氣冷熱電聯(lián)供系統(tǒng)在湖南地區(qū)的發(fā)展提供一定的參考。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and society, energy consumption in our country has increased greatly. Energy has become an important bottleneck restricting economic development. In order to promote economic and social development, the energy structure has been adjusted. Improving energy efficiency has become the focus of our country's energy strategy. Building energy consumption accounts for a large proportion of the total energy consumption in the society and grows rapidly. It is important to reduce building energy consumption to reduce the total energy consumption of our country in order to reduce the building energy consumption. On the one hand, it is necessary to promote energy conservation in buildings, on the other hand, to increase energy efficiency and reduce primary energy consumption. The combined cooling and heat supply system is a multi-generation energy system that integrates refrigeration, heating and power generation processes. Because of realizing the cascade utilization of energy, the system greatly improves the energy utilization rate, especially reduces the loss of energy grade, which can effectively reduce the building energy consumption. Firstly, the thermodynamics of the main equipment of the system is established in this paper. Based on the equilibrium relation of energy flow in the system and the time division of typical days and periods, the mathematical models of four typical natural gas cooling and heat combined power supply systems are established according to the principle of energy flow equilibrium in different periods of time in economics and emission characteristic models. Then taking a hospital in Changsha as an example, when the rated power of gas turbine is increased from 1000kW to 20000kW, the optimal annual cost of the system for different rated power of gas turbine is calculated and compared. The lowest value of annual cost and the corresponding system capacity configuration and operation strategy are obtained. Then, the economic performance and thermodynamic performance of the optimal configuration scheme with the lowest annual cost of the four schemes are carried out. Comparing the environmental performance with the social performance, the optimal scheme is obtained. Finally, the economic uncertainty of the selected optimal scheme is studied. The effects of energy price range and different selling price on the optimal configuration and operation strategy of natural gas combined cooling and heat supply system are determined. In this paper, the idea of optimal calculation of natural gas cooling and heat combined power supply system is studied. The data and conclusions can provide a feasible method for the system selection, optimization calculation, operation strategy and so on. At the same time, the optimized results obtained in this paper can also provide some reference for the development of natural gas combined cooling and heat supply system in Hunan region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TM61;TU83

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