本文關(guān)鍵詞： 光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng) 混合儲(chǔ)能 能量管理 非線性協(xié)同控制　出處：《燕山大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：由于光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)輸出功率具有波動(dòng)性的缺點(diǎn),需要增加能量?jī)?chǔ)存裝置來(lái)抑制這些波動(dòng),才能保證光伏系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。系統(tǒng)功率的頻繁波動(dòng)將會(huì)縮短蓄電池的壽命，因此，傳統(tǒng)的單一蓄電池儲(chǔ)能已不再適應(yīng)儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展需要。超級(jí)電容是一種新的能量?jī)?chǔ)存元件，具有高功率密度和壽命長(zhǎng)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。本文針對(duì)獨(dú)立光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中超級(jí)電容蓄電池混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)的能量管理和變換器控制方法兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了研究。 本文分析了光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中混合儲(chǔ)能的優(yōu)越性，根據(jù)系統(tǒng)中光伏電池、超級(jí)電容器和蓄電池三者的不同工作狀態(tài)，研究了一種能量管理策略。在該能量管理策略中，利用超級(jí)電容首先動(dòng)作來(lái)抑制系統(tǒng)中的功率波動(dòng)，充分利用了其快速性好的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。蓄電池采用恒流充放電的控制方式進(jìn)行充放電，來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)中能量的平衡。在光伏電池和混合儲(chǔ)能元件的不同工作狀態(tài)下，通過(guò)能量管理單元的管理使光伏電池和混合儲(chǔ)能元件在不同模式下協(xié)調(diào)工作，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行。本文對(duì)所提出的能量管理策略用MATLAB軟件進(jìn)行了仿真驗(yàn)證，結(jié)果表明混合儲(chǔ)能系統(tǒng)在光伏系統(tǒng)輸出功率和負(fù)載端功率變化時(shí)，，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)不同工作模式之間的切換，并能維持母線電壓的恒定。當(dāng)系統(tǒng)功率波動(dòng)較小時(shí)蓄電池不動(dòng)作，從而減小了其充放電次數(shù)。 針對(duì)開(kāi)關(guān)變換器的時(shí)變非線性會(huì)對(duì)控制器性能產(chǎn)生不好影響的問(wèn)題，本文采用非線性協(xié)同控制方法對(duì)系統(tǒng)中的控制器進(jìn)行控制。分別設(shè)計(jì)了超級(jí)電容穩(wěn)壓控制器和蓄電池恒流充放電控制器。用MATLAB軟件進(jìn)行了仿真驗(yàn)證，仿真結(jié)果表明，該控制方法具有很好的抗擾性和魯棒性。 獨(dú)立搭建了系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺(tái)，對(duì)本文研究的能量管理策略和控制方法進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明，文中所研究的混合儲(chǔ)能方案不僅能夠有效保證直流母線電壓的穩(wěn)定，還可顯著延長(zhǎng)蓄電池的使用壽命，同時(shí)提高了超級(jí)電容的使用效率。
[Abstract]:Because the output power of photovoltaic power system has the disadvantage of fluctuation, it is necessary to increase energy storage device to restrain these fluctuations in order to ensure the stable operation of photovoltaic system. The frequent fluctuation of system power will shorten the life of battery, so, The traditional single battery energy storage system is no longer suitable for the development of energy storage system. It has the advantages of high power density and long life. In this paper, two key problems of energy management and converter control for hybrid storage system of super capacitor battery in independent photovoltaic power generation system are studied. In this paper, the advantages of hybrid energy storage in photovoltaic power generation system are analyzed. According to the different working states of photovoltaic cells, supercapacitors and batteries in the system, an energy management strategy is studied. The super capacitor is first used to suppress the power fluctuation in the system, which makes full use of its advantages of good rapidity. The battery uses constant current charge and discharge control mode to charge and discharge. To achieve energy balance in the system. In different working states of photovoltaic cells and hybrid energy storage elements, the photovoltaic cells and hybrid energy storage elements are coordinated in different modes through the management of energy management units. In this paper, the proposed energy management strategy is simulated by MATLAB software. The results show that the hybrid energy storage system changes in the output power and load end power of photovoltaic system. The switching between different working modes can be realized, and the bus voltage can be kept constant. When the power fluctuation of the system is small, the battery does not move, thus reducing the charge and discharge times. Aiming at the problem that the time-varying nonlinearity of switching converter will have a bad effect on the controller performance, In this paper, the nonlinear cooperative control method is used to control the controller in the system. The supercapacitor stabilized voltage controller and the battery constant current charge / discharge controller are designed, respectively. The simulation results show that the controller is verified by MATLAB software. The control method has good immunity and robustness. The system experiment platform is built independently, and the energy management strategy and control method studied in this paper are experimentally verified. The experimental results show that the hybrid energy storage scheme studied in this paper can not only effectively guarantee the stability of DC bus voltage, It can also prolong the service life of battery and improve the efficiency of super capacitor.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM615

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