本文關(guān)鍵詞： 光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器 建模 電壓環(huán)前饋 PI控制 重復(fù)控制　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)是目前的熱點(diǎn)研究問題。并網(wǎng)逆變器是光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中關(guān)鍵的一環(huán),對其進(jìn)行研究有著重要的理論與實(shí)際意義。文章分析了光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器的研究現(xiàn)狀,研究目標(biāo)包括：單相并網(wǎng)逆變器電壓電流雙環(huán)建模；基于兩相靜止坐標(biāo)系下的三相并網(wǎng)逆變器電流環(huán)建模；并網(wǎng)電流控制技術(shù)；最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤以及孤島效應(yīng)功能。通過搭建實(shí)驗(yàn)平臺來進(jìn)行理論驗(yàn)證。 對單相并網(wǎng)逆變器,采用前級為BOOST的兩級式拓?fù)?其中前級實(shí)現(xiàn)最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤(MPPT)功能,后級采用單電感濾波實(shí)現(xiàn)并網(wǎng)電流控制。對常用的MPPT功能進(jìn)行了比較,采用變步長擾動觀察法作為MPPT方法。對后級電壓電流雙環(huán)進(jìn)行了建模,確定了采用比例積分(PI)雙環(huán)控制的基本方案；詳細(xì)分析了直流電壓環(huán)的建模過程,對常用控制方案進(jìn)行了對比；針對直流母線電容電壓上存在的擾動,對電壓環(huán)加進(jìn)前饋以改善輸出波形的穩(wěn)態(tài)以及動態(tài)性能,以較簡單的控制方法實(shí)現(xiàn)對電壓擾動的有效抑制。對孤島現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生進(jìn)行分析,在實(shí)驗(yàn)中使用被動檢測法與主動檢測法相結(jié)合的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)孤島保護(hù)。 對三相并網(wǎng)逆變器,采用了三相三線制的單級拓?fù)�。對三相鎖相環(huán)進(jìn)行了介紹。分析了LCL濾波器的特性,由于LCL濾波器諧振尖峰的存在,需要引入阻尼保證系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定。對比了常見的有源阻尼與無源阻尼方案,為使系統(tǒng)簡化,最終采用在濾波電容上串接電阻的無源阻尼方案。對LCL濾波器的參數(shù)進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)。對基于LCL濾波器的三相單級并網(wǎng)逆變器進(jìn)行了建模,在兩相靜止坐標(biāo)軸上對控制系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。對比了電流控制方案,提出了重復(fù)控制結(jié)合PI補(bǔ)償?shù)膹?fù)合控制方案,能夠同時保留重復(fù)控制以及PI控制的優(yōu)點(diǎn),提高系統(tǒng)的性能。 在對原理進(jìn)行分析之后,對所采用的方案進(jìn)行了基于MATLAB/simulink的仿真研究,并分別搭建了單相逆變器以及三相逆變器的實(shí)驗(yàn)樣機(jī)及平臺,對實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析。
[Abstract]:Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system is a hot research issue at present. Grid-connected inverter is a key link in grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system. It has important theoretical and practical significance to study the grid-connected photovoltaic inverter. This paper analyzes the research status of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter. The research objectives include: voltage and current double loop modeling of single-phase grid-connected inverter; current loop modeling of three-phase grid-connected inverter based on two-phase static coordinate system; grid-connected current control technology; The function of maximum power point tracking and islanding effect is verified by building the experimental platform. For single-phase grid-connected inverter, a two-stage topology is adopted, in which the former stage realizes the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) function, the latter stage uses a single inductor filter to control the grid-connected current. The common MPPT functions are compared. The variable step size perturbation observation method is used as MPPT method to model the double loop of the back stage voltage and current, and the basic scheme of the double loop control with proportional integration is determined, and the modeling process of the DC voltage loop is analyzed in detail. For the disturbance of DC bus capacitor voltage, the voltage loop is fed forward to improve the steady and dynamic performance of the output waveform. The effective suppression of voltage disturbance is realized by a simple control method, and the occurrence of islanding phenomenon is analyzed. In the experiment, the passive detection method combined with the active detection method is used to realize the islanding protection. The three-phase three-wire topology of three-phase grid-connected inverter is adopted. The three-phase phase-locked loop is introduced. The characteristics of LCL filter are analyzed. Because of the existence of resonance peak of LCL filter, It is necessary to introduce damping to ensure the stability of the system. In order to simplify the system, the common active damping and passive damping schemes are compared. Finally, the passive damping scheme of series resistance on filter capacitor is adopted. The parameters of LCL filter are designed in detail. The three-phase single-stage grid-connected inverter based on LCL filter is modeled. The control system is designed on the two-phase static coordinate axis. Compared with the current control scheme, the compound control scheme of repetitive control combined with Pi compensation is proposed, which can preserve the advantages of repetitive control and Pi control simultaneously, and improve the performance of the system. After analyzing the principle, the scheme is simulated based on MATLAB/simulink, and the experimental prototype and platform of single-phase inverter and three-phase inverter are built, and the experimental results are analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM464;TM615

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